Lezi reflex e abadala kanye nezinsana

Ngokushesha ngemva kokuzalwa, zonke ingane has iqoqo ikhaliphe isegazini. isibonisi yabo ibonisa ukuthuthukiswa evamile umzimba. Zonke lezi ikhaliphe unconditioned, futhi kukhona phezu ayisikhombisa, okuhloswe ngazo ingane ukuzivumelanisa ngokushesha kwizimo khona kuleli zwe. Omunye azalwa naso kubhekwa lezi reflex. Yini-ke nokuthi ngabe lesi simo singenzeka kunoma abadala, ake sihlole kabanzi.

ulwazi olujwayelekile

Omunye kubalulekile futhi okubaluleke kakhulu lezi automatism reflex. Lokhu ukusikwa imisipha naseduzane komlomo kwenzeka ngokuzenzakalela uma nithinta kafushane ukuthonya ezindebeni zakhe. Ukusabela kule touch - esisuka izindebe ibe tube, sifana lezi. Ngakho kwavela igama. Ezinyangeni zokuqala zokuphila, nesenzo oncelayo linendima ebalulekile, kumane nje kudingeka, lezi spondylitis reflex libhekisela izingxenye abancela. Okokuqala wayichaza le reflex omkhulu wezinzwa Russian Vladimir Bekhterev ekuqaleni kwekhulu elidlule.

Ngo Neurology at ngesheke le reflex zembula zihambisana ethile yobudala enhle, futhi izifo ezihlukahlukene isimiso sezinzwa.

Small ingane ukuzilwela ngesikhathi sokuzalwa uthola ingqondo unconditioned, okuyinto amandla ukuze usinde, uthole ukhululekile. ikhaliphe azalwa naso ngokuvamile ulahleke ezintathu kuya kweziyisihlanu ezinyangeni zokuqala. Endaweni yabo beze entsha - okunemibandela. Abazali kudingeka wazi ukuthi iyini ikhaliphe uyazithola izingane. Ulwazi kuzosiza ukuvimbela ukuthuthukiswa kwezifo ezihlukahlukene sina. Lezi, njengoba ngempela futhi oncelayo, baphakathi phezulu ohlwini ikhaliphe isegazini futhi ubambe iqhaza kule nqubo yokudla.

Ikhaliphe e izinsana

The main ikhaliphe isegazini okuyinto isinyathelo ezinyangeni zokuqala zokuphila, kukhona lokhu okulandelayo:

• nokugwinya;
• abancela;
• lezi;
• ukucinga;
• engenhla zokuzivikela;
• Babkin reflex.

Ngenxa yalezi ukucabanga wezingane kungacacisa ukuthi indlela ingane eba isimiso sakhe sezinzwa usebenza. Siyabonga kubo, ungakwazi ukuqonda ukuziphatha kwengane. Khona kwanoma isiphi reflex kungase kubonise ukuthuthukiswa kwezinso emzimbeni. Ngesikhathi esifanayo neugasanie eside automatism futhi sokukhathazeka.

Sucking reflex. Lokhu reflex osanda kuzalwa wabonakaliswa ngasiphi yokucasuka umlomo, ngabe ingono, ingono noma ngisho umunwe wakho. Ephambi kwezinduna okuthile ngokushesha le ngane uqala ukwenza ukunyakaza abancela. Lena reflex ezibalulekile esivela njalo izinsana futhi bekujabulela eside. Reflex iqhubeka unyaka wonke wokuqala wokuphila.

Ukucinga reflex. Lapho ithenda nemnene kuwukuziphulula Ekhoneni umlomo nomntwana, kwehlisa udebe engezansi bese eqala ukunqabela ngolimi ohlangothini ecasulayo, sifuna ngentshiseko ebeleni likanina. Iphuzu elibalulekile: uma kuhlolwe reflex search, ungathinti izindebe ngokwabo, ngakho ukusebenza ingane lezi reflex. Ukuthinta kufanele kube lula kakhulu. Uma ukuluma ezinzima, ukungakhululeki izinyane, kunalokho, sukani ikhanda lakhe kolunye uhlangothi. I reflex kwabangela izinyanga ezinhlanu, ngezinye izikhathi eside manje.

Lezi reflex ezinganeni

Ngo izinsana, okubonakalisa reflex waphawula ngesimo ethile protrusion lip pout. Lokhu kubonakala ekuphenduleni ukushukuma ngokuthinta kafushane umunwe abukhali elingenhla lip ndawo. Ukuhlolwa kungase kwenziwe njengoba udokotela, futhi umama yena. Okuzenzakalelayo orbicularis Oris imisipha kubangela reflex lezi nokubonakaliswa. Esikhathini isithombe ungabona kanjani izinyane ubeka isipanji "emnsalweni." imisipha sekhula imisipha ukhiye ebizwe oncelayo. Indlela yokuthola odokotela bezingane, lezi reflex kuyinto evamile ekhona usana ukufika ezinyangeni ezintathu, bese uqala fade. Kodwa kunenkolelo yokuthi le reflex Usabela zokuzivikela futhi eguquguqukayo, futhi kungenzeka ukuthi ingane kuze kube iminyaka emithathu.

Lezi reflex e abadala

Uma ngabe le reflex elikhona abadala, kuba eyabonisa pathologies ukusonteka izakhiwo zobuchopho. Isazi sezinzwa sase basole okulandelayo:

• unhlangothi;
• Kwenhlekelele okulimala ebuchosheni;
• bulbar syndrome;
• encephalopathy.

Lezi reflex e abadala ngokuvamile libhekisela kubantu abasungula automatism ngomlomo. Futhi, kukhona ithuba ukuthola kutholakala ukuthi uphethwe yini pseudobulbar uhlangothi. Lezi izimpawu kungatholakala kobuchopho ngokukhukhumala kwentamo. Iqembu ingozi kuhlanganisa abantu ophazamisekile ekhanda, kanye abantu abaphethwe ukungasebenzi neuropathic. Ukuze ugweme imiphumela engemihle, kumele njalo ziqashwe ehhovisi kudokotela oyisazi sezinzwa ngezindleko sika. Udokotela kufanele anake ngokukhethekile lokhu indlela.

Lokhu reflex akusho ngaso sonke isikhathi kubonise egunjini lokuhlolwa kwezifo. Ngo abantu abadala, abanakekela impilo yabo, kwesinye isikhathi luboniswe ngokulinganisela.

ukuthuthukiswa kwamazinga kokuhlaziywa ngayo lapho usana

Kushiwo ngamuphi umqondo ukuthi izinga ukuthuthukiswa kwe-reflex lezi kule osanda kuzalwa? Lokhu reflex kufanele avele ngokushesha ngemva kokuzalwa. Ubhekisela iwusizo ekukhuleni kwengane. Ngenxa lokuphuza udokotela singafinyelela eziphethweni mayelana evamile bokuphila ububanzi. Uma kwakukhona abanye uhlobo lwesigemegeme esibuhlungu ngesikhathi beteta, khona kungenzeka kwanoma iyiphi sokuphazamiseka okuthile ebuchosheni. Ezimweni ezinjalo i- ikhaliphe unconditioned. Kuqondane ukuthi lezi reflex owabonakaliswa ngosuku lwesikhombisa emva kokubelethwa, ngaphambi kokuba ngisho lingekho. Ukuxilongwa lokhu uphawu in inani nezinye izinkomba wezinzwa kunikeza ithuba ukuhlola isimo izinzwa of ukuthuthukiswa.

Ukuthola kwezinso e ingane

nodokotela bezingane abaningi bakholelwa ukuthi izinga esisuka izindebe ibe tube (lezi reflex) kufanele zinyamalale by ngenyanga yesithathu yokuphila. Uma ukusabela ngaleyo ndlela kuyisici esihlupha sathuthukisa, kungase kukhombise khona iyiphi izilonda ebuchosheni. Pathology Ungase futhi akhombise asymmetry izindebe welulela ibe tube, futhi ukungabi ephelele lezi reflex ezinyangeni zokuqala zokuphila.

Kufanele kuqashelwe ukuthi izingane enempilo ngaphansi konyaka owodwa, ngezinye izikhathi kuze kuphele iminyaka emithathu basibonile lesi reflex. Ezimweni ezinjalo, kwathiwa libhekene ngenxa yokuphatheka zokuzivikela futhi ezingena ngentuba.

Ukukhomba kwezinso e abadala

On reception wezinzwa ukhiqiza ukuthola pathologies by ukutholakala reflex lezi. Uma umuntu eba ngokuvamile, usana, ikhaliphe yakhe isegazini azidingeki. Bafa ebuntwaneni, futhi esikhundleni salo kube nezinye, okunemibandela. Nge asabele kahle kuze lezi wezinzwa reflex kumelwe baqaphe. Mhlawumbe nesineke, kukhona ukuphazamiseka ubuchopho, zingahlanganiswa ukulimala ebuchosheni, nge bulbar syndrome noma isifo khona unhlangothi.

Ekukhombeni ukusabela okunjalo udokotela libhekisela isiguli ukuhlola okunzulu. Okuhle kunakho konke ukuthi, uma wabelwe i-MRI zobuchopho. diagnosticians Kuncono emva inqubo akhombisa isiphetho nokubhala swe kahle okwenzekayo. Isikhathi isethi uzoqala uphethwe impatho efanele futhi ifike ngesikhathi ukuxazulula le nkinga. Lokhu reflex ungaboniswa wavuma kubantu abavamile esezikhulile, lokhu kungenxa ukushabalala kancane kancane abahlukene umsebenzi ubuchopho.

ukuhlola

Lezi reflex liphenywa kudokotela oyisazi sezinzwa ngezindleko edilini lomshado i isiguli esingumuntu omdala, noma uma ukuhlola ukuthuthukiswa bokuphila usana olusanda kuzalwa noma onyakeni wokuqala wokuphila. Lolu cwaningo has izigaba eziningana, ukutadisha okuyinto umzali ngamunye uzokwazi ngokuzimela ukuqinisekisa ukuba khona reflex lezi e womntwana wakho siqu, uma kukhona noma yisiphi izinsolo nokukhathazeka.

Ngakho, ukuze kuhlonzwe kufanele kube ngale ndlela:

• Okokuqala sidinga ukulungisa igumbi lapho ucwaningo izobanjelwa.
• lokushisa Ukhululekile kufanele isukela degrees 25 kuya ku-27.
• Igumbi ukukhanyisa kufanele inikezwe ukuze leli gumbi laba ukukhanya, kodwa kwakungeyona ecasulayo ekukhanyeni okukhazimulayo.
• Ebusweni lapho ingane izokwenziwa, kufanele kube mnandi, elithambile, kodwa ngesikhathi esifanayo akusho ehle.
• Ingane kufanele uzilungiselele. Okuphakelayo isidingo sakhe sokuba 1-2 amahora ngaphambi inqubo. Kufanele ukahle, kodwa ngesikhathi esifanayo ezolile.
• Nquma endaweni okubonakalayo udebe eliphezulu, okuzokwenza kudingeka uthinte.
• Thatha ukukhanya ezimbalwa ompompi ukunyakaza, kuyilapho noma kunjalo ungasebenzisi amandla.
• Ngo evamile yokusabela isipanji umntwana kufanele athathe isimo lezi imiqulu. Ukusabela kungase kuhambisane kanyekanye slide-phambili umhlathi ongezansi nokunyakaza singagwinyi.

Izingane abangakwazi kakade ulandela imiyalelo udokotela, uphethwe kwenziwa uhlobo omdala, ie nokusetshenziswa isando ekhethekile zezinzwa. Udokotela ubuza nesineke ukuvala amehlo akhe, wayesebeka umunwe index udebe eliphezulu. Ngokusho ke, udokotela ngobumnene evunyelwe ngesando. On ukusabela lezi zenzo kufanele lingekho. Uma kukhona esinye sazo, bese udokotela wezinzwa basole iyiphi zokugula emsebenzini ingqondo. Lezi reflex kungenzeka kubonisa izilonda ebalulekile ngemuva Lobe ngokuqondile zobuchopho.

isiphetho

Ekuphetheni, kufanele kuphawulwe ukuthi lezi reflex isegazini kuyinto Isikhombisi esibalulekile ekwakhekeni kwezicubu umntwana osanda kuzalwa. Uma ingane elisheshayo imisiwe, ke kubangelwa yezizathu ezihlukahlukene, kungase kudingeke ukulimala. ukuxilongwa okufanele, kusenesikhathi pathologies ukunikeza amathuba okuphumelela kuleli nokuvuselelwa izingane nje kuphela kodwa futhi abadala.