Udokotela we-DT-54 ungumlimi omkhulu waseSoviet onomsebenzi omuhle wezobuchwepheshe

Umgudu we-Soviet wesibindi uDT-54 (isithombe esinikezwe ekhasini) wadalwa ngo-1949 efektri eKharkov. Ukukhiqizwa komkhiqizo wemishini entsha yezolimo kwakhiwe lapho. I-tractor DT-54 yakhiqizwa eKhartsyzsk Tractor Works kusukela ngo-1949 kuya ku-1961. Enye indawo yokukhiqiza yavulwa eStratrad Tractor Plant, lapho umshini wakhiqizwa cishe ubuningi obufanayo. Eminyakeni eminengi yempi emva kwempi, ukulima kwe-USSR kudinga imishini yobuchwepheshe. Ukukhiqizwa kwe-batch yesithathu kwahlelwa esitshalweni se-altai, lapho ugandaganda we-DT-54 wenziwa kusukela ngo-1952 kuya ku-1979. Kwakhiwa izakhi ezingu 959,900 ezitshalweni ezintathu.

Umlando omncane

Ithekta ye-DT-54 yayiyi-intuthuko ephumelelayo ngesisekelo semodeli ye-AZTZ-NATI eyedlule, enezixazululo eziningi ezintsha zobuchwepheshe kanye nokusetshenziswa kobuchwepheshe banamuhla. Imiklamo yemoto iphelele kakhulu, injini ye-diesel inokonga, ukusetshenziswa kwamafutha kanye ne-diesel fuel akudluli umkhawulo ophansi wamanani asebenzayo asekelwe. Esigodini, isimiso sokuqala se-centrifugal oil purification sasetshenziswa ngokusebenzisa amakamelo akhethekile kumagankpins e-crankshaft.

Isimiso esifanayo salandelwa i-centrifuge yamafutha, kuhlanganiswe nesihlungi esivamile. I-plug yokukhipha imfucumfucu ku-crankcase yayiyi-magnet enamandla eqoqa izinhlayiya ezincane zensimbi. Zonke lezi zinyathelo zandisa kakhulu injini yenjini injini.

Ngogandaganda kufakwe ibhande lokushayela elibili-band, okuyinto kuya kwamagare amakhulu ayisihlanu wanezelwa ngaphezulu eziyishumi. Le divayisi yenza ukuba sikwazi ukukhetha umthwalo ophelele enjini nokugcina ukusebenza kwayo kahle.

I-axle yangemuva yayinokulawulwa okuhlukile kwezingxube ze-Rotary nama-brake, okwenza kube lula ukulawula umshini. Kuze kube ngu-1956, kwakungekho ukuhlukaniswa okunjalo. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, kwakhiwa ama-brake-kind type, esebenza kuzo zombili izinkomba. Ukuphumelela kwezinqubo ezihamba kancane kuye kwanda kakhulu.

Ukungalungi

Enye yezingqinamba ze-DT-54 kwaba ukushayisana kwamathrekhi omgubhu kwi-crankcase ye gear yokugcina. Kule ndaba, ukufakwa okukhethekile okufakiwe okuphakathi, okwakubili kokuqinisa ukulandelana komzila futhi wadlala indima yesikhala phakathi kwebhubhisi kanye ne-crankcase. Lezi zindlela ezintsha zasetshenziswa futhi ngo-1956. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, idivaysi yokulandelela yayithuthukisiwe , ibhakha elide lide, liqiniswe ngendwangu ehambayo, futhi indlebe yenziwe ibe mkhulu ngomunwe omkhulu wamanwe. Manje, noma iyiphi i-hitch ixhunywe ngokuqinile ku-trekta.

Ukuzibandakanya

Ngo-1952, injini yayihlome imitha ekhethekile, ilandelela isikhathi lapho injini isebenza khona. Ngakho-ke, ukugijimela okungahambi kahle komgogodla kwakungavunyelwe noma ukusetshenziswa kwawo kwakungeyona into eyayihlosiwe. I-counter yavalwa uphawu ekuqaleni komsebenzi, ukufundwa kwayo kuthathwe ngemuva kokuphela kosuku lokusebenza.

Ngemuva kuka-1956, ukuhanjiswa kwe-crankshaft ukujikelezwa kwapheleliswa, okwakwenziwa ngokuzenzakalelayo. Ngiseduze ne-shaft enkulu, eyadliwa kwikhosi yokudlulisa, isilinda esengeziwe slotted sashintsha, lapho kungenzeka khona ukuxhuma ukuxhuma okhethekile okuxhuma ukudluliselwa nge-"quasi" transmission. Okunamathiselwe okungeziwe, okwakudingeka kusetshenziswe okwamanje futhi okwakuhlonyelwe indlela yayo yokujikeleza, kwakuxhunywe ku-shaft yokucima amandla.

Ku-oda olujwayelekile, izindlela zokuqeda amandla azifakiwe kuphakheji, kodwa zingafakwa kwisicelo esihlukile kumthengi. Ukwengeza okunjalo kwakubizayo, kodwa abathengi baqaphela ukuthi lolu lusizo luwusizo kangakanani, futhi aluzange lubheke izindleko. Ngesikhathi esifanayo kwakungenakwenzeka ukufaka umfutho we-driyela ugandaganda, okwenze nokuthi ukwazi ukudonsa amandla emishini yokusebenza, kodwa kuphela ngokusebenzisa ibhande lokushayela.

DT-54 ugandaganda: imininingwane

Imisebenzi esemqoka ye-DT-54 kwakufanele isebenze ngendlela eyinkimbinkimbi ngokulima okungenani amane noma emihlanu. Izici ze-Traction zivunyelwe ukulima umhlaba kwanoma yikuphi ukulingana. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ugandaganda DT-54 angasebenzisana nezinombolo zamanye amadivaysi okulandelela.

Ububanzi bomshini obunamandla buyi-1200 - 2850 kg, okwenza kube lula ukusetshenziswa kwawo okubanzi. Ukuvinjelwa kokusebenza komshini kwakungaka kusuka ku-3.58 kuya ku-7.8 km / h, ukudluliselwa kwakunezingalo ezinhlanu zangaphambili nangemuva. Injini ye-diesel ngejubane elilinganiselwe lika-1300 rpm amandla athuthukile we-54 hp, lokhu kwakwanele noma yimuphi umsebenzi wensimu.

Isisindo nemingcele jikelele

• Isisindo esigcwele - 5400 kg.
• Ubude benendlela yokulandelela - 3660 mm.
• Ukuphakama kungama-2300 mm.
• Ububanzi buyi-1865 mm.
• Ukususwa komhlaba, imvume - 260 mm.
• Ukuhamba phakathi kwama-axles - (ama-roller extreme) 1622 mm.
• Ithrekhi phakathi kwethrekhi ngu-1435 mm.
• Ukucindezela emhlabathini, okuqondile - 0.41 kg / cm ² .
• Umthamo we-tank fuel kuyinto 185 cm / cu.

Ukulinganisa

Umshini wezolimo jikelele we-DT-54 ubhekisela kulezo zindlela ezingavamile zobuchwepheshe ezivusa isithakazelo esikhulu phakathi kwabaqoqi. Imodeli ye-DT-54 itholakala kuyo yonke indawo futhi ijwayelekile. Ikhwalithi yomkhiqizo uvame ukuphakama, ngoba abathungisi bebenzisa ubuchwepheshe bamuva.