Kuyini unkulunkulukazi yamaGreki asendulo Nike? Imifanekiso namathempeli

Mhlawumbe namuhla kunzima ukuhlangabezana umuntu akazi lutho mayelana zamaGreki futhi onkulunkulu okukhulunywa kuwo. Nge abakhileyo Olympus sihlangana emakhasini izincwadi, amakhathuni kanye yobude obugcwele amafilimu. Namuhla, i-Heroine of indaba yethu iba unkulunkulukazi ezinamaphiko Nike. Sinikeza ngijwayele lo isiboshwa lase-Olympia sidilizwa.

Goddess Nike: incazelo

Ngo zamaGreki, igama lakhe umsindo iyafana "Nike". Nanguya unkulunkulukazi wokunqoba, futhi indodakazi titan uPallas futhi Styx izidalwa ezinkulukazi ukuthi kubonisa ukwesaba lasekuqaleni. Nick bakhula ndawonye omunye ohlonishwayo kakhulu zamaGreki zasendulo, unkulunkulukazi impi nokuhlakanipha - Athena. Wayengumngane sizana uZeyusi omkhulu ekulweni kwakhe le midondoshiya nabo titans. NgesiGreki Goddess Nike yonke indawo esihambisana Athena simsiza ezindabeni zakhe. By endleleni, in izinganekwane Roman, it ihambelana Victoria.

Wakubonakalisa Nick?

Lokhu unkulunkulukazi uwukwenziwa samuntu nomphumela ojabulisayo futhi Chile oqondile noma kunjalo. Nick kuhileleke hhayi kuphela imisebenzi yezempi, kodwa futhi kwezemidlalo, umculo kanye nemicimbi zenkolo ihlelwe ngesikhathi impumelelo. Singasho ukuthi Nick is kunalokho lwalubonisa of ukunqoba okuphelele kuka noma isiphi isenzo futhi izinyathelo eziholela ke.

Isithombe lonkulunkulukazi

Ngokuvamile, le Heroine of zamaGreki ukuboniswa enamaphiko futhi pose ukunyakaza ngokushesha ngaphezu komhlabathi. Nicky yisibaluli ebalulekile ngebhandeshi futhi umqhele. Kamuva kwangena wesundu, kanye indondo futhi isikhali. Okugweda ngokuvamile kuvezwa lokhu unkulunkulukazi party ukugujwa noma umhlatshelo oyisiko, noma isithunywa wokunqoba. Uma uvame imfanelo uHermesi - abasebenzi. Unkulunkulukazi wokunqoba Nike kuveza ngobumnene emkhomba ngekhanda ikhanda lalo winner, le phezulu isisindo phezu kwakhe, njengokungathi Okuthwesa umqhele ekhanda lakhe, bese ushayela inqola yakhe, khona-ke ugwaze isilwane ngesikhathi somhlatshelo, indondo yakha izikhali isitha wahlulwa. ukubaza zalo zikhungethwe cishe ngaso sonke isikhathi sihambisana ebaziwe omkhulu kaZeyusi uPallas Athena. Zimelela Nick esandleni sakhe ezibaluleke kakhudlwana wonkulunkulu Olympian.

amaqiniso ezithakazelisayo

Ukuze kuhlonishwe Nicky wawubizwa ngokuthi evulekile ngo-1891 netshe elisemkhathini. Futhi, unkulunkulukazi ezinamaphiko ukunqoba enikelwe XXXIII Orphic lokubonga. Ngaphezu kwalokho, igama lakhe likhishiwe njengoba ngesisekelo ngokudala igama «Nike» American ezemidlalo brand.

Ithempeli Athena Nike

Enye indawo ngobukhulu esekhona yokukhulekela lonkulunkulukazi uku Athene Acropolis. Ibizwa ngokuthi "Ithempeli Lika-Athena Nike." Futhi ngezinye izikhathi ibizwa ngokuthi "ethempelini Niki Athens."

Ukwakhiwa itholakala phezu kwegquma emaweni ohlangothini kwesokudla isango layo elikhulu (propylene). Lapha abendawo ukukhulekela unkulunkulukazi ngethemba lokuthi izosiza lokhu kwakuyoba nomphumela omuhle empini eside ngokumelene iSparta kanye nabangani babo (the Peloponnesian War).

Ngokungafani iningi Acropolis, lapho kungenzeka ukungena kuphela ngokusebenzisa emnyango main, unkulunkulukazi ezinamaphiko lendlu engcwele kwakune etholakalayo. Leli thempeli lakhiwa ngo edumile wezakhiwo esingumRoma esasibizwa ngokuthi Callicrates phakathi 427 kanye 424 eminyakeni BC. Ngaphambi kwale ndawo kwaba engcwele Athena, elabhujiswa ngo-namaPheresiya, ngo mayelana 480 BC. Lesi sakhiwo amphiprostyle - uhlobo ethempelini eGreece yasendulo, kokubili nangemuva bengaphambili zazo wahlela olulodwa irowu ezine ikholomu. izakhiwo Stylobate unezigaba ezintathu. Friezes ukuhlobisa imifanekiso sculpted esibonisa uZeyusi, Poseidon futhi Athena kanye yesehlakalo izimpi lempi. I okwangempela yalezi izingcezwana lokusinda kwenkundla namuhla igcinwe eBritish Museum, ethempelini ngesiGreki kungenzeka ukucabanga ikhophi.

Thanda Acropolitan izindawo eziningi, Nicky thempeli lakhiwa ka Pentelic zemabula. emva ukwakhiwa yayo ukuqedwa kokwakhiwa Eminyakeni embalwa esasikuyo manje nayo yayibiyelwe uthango ukuze avikele abantu kusukela ekuweni kungenzeka esuka eweni eliphakeme. Ngaphakathi ethempelini kwesithombe Nike. Kwesinye isandla wayemhlonipha isigqoko (uphawu empi), kanye nezinye - nepomegranati (uphawu wenzalo). Ngokungafani neningi yesithombe wathola, esifanekisweni akazange amaphiko. Lokhu kwakwenziwa ngokukhethekile - ukuwina elapha ezindongeni zomuzi. Empeleni, ngakho-ke, ukwakhiwa kwethempeli futhi yaqanjwa Nicky Asperos, okusho ukunqoba wingless.

Nika Samofrakiyskaya

Lokhu ebaziwe kungenye esibonisa nonkulunkulukazi-Olympic behlele kithi kusukela ezikhathini zasendulo. izindengezi zayo zezinhlamvu ezingaphezu kuka-200 kwalethwa Paris waseGreece umvubukuli Charles Shampuazo e 1863. Ngenxa yalo msebenzi onzima futhi imizamo restorers baye bavuselela esifanekisweni omangalisayo. Naphezu kweqiniso lokuthi unkulunkulukazi Nike waba bancishwa izingalo kanye ekhanda, kanye Iphiko lelinye (eyagcina senziwa of Gypsum), wafumana bonke abathandi yobuciko has iminyaka leminyenti omunye ziphephile eliyigugu kunawo wonke Louvre.