Kuyini transformer? Izinhlobo transformers. Umgomo we-transformer isinyathelo

Kulesi sihloko sizohlola lokho transformer. Izinhlobo transformers uzobe kuchazwe, isimiso isinyathelo kanye nomklamo futhi yaqashelwa. Kuyaphawuleka ukuthi lolu hlobo static (fixed) imishini AC ezisetshenziswa kuhambisane netinhloso, hhayi kuphela ekhaya kodwa futhi umkhakha. Ngokwesibonelo, ukuba alandise ngala kukagesi. Kodwa izinto zokuqala kuqala.

Kuyini kule divayisi?

Lo mshini static kagesi, esisetshenziselwa ukuguqula wamanje noma voltage. Futhi kukhona izinhlobo eziningana amadivayisi, kuncike ekutheni amandla kuveza inethiwekhi. Ngakho, inethiwekhi ezintathu okhombisa has Windings ezintathu, okuyinto afakiwe kwi "inkanyezi" noma "unxantathu". Lesi siqhathaniso kungenziwa kudwetshwe nge-motor indlela. Kunezinhlobo ezihlukahlukene amandla Transformers, okuzoxoxwa kamuva kancane.

Kodwa ekhaya asetshenziswa kumadivayisi, lapho omunye emazombezombe inethiwekhi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kukhona okungenani eyodwa yesibili, esisetshenziselwa Amadivayisi amandla. Ngokwesibonelo, inqubo asetshenziswe flashlamp amandla Transformers, lapho sebuningini Windings yesibili. kwaphakama isidingo kudivayisi eyodwa ukuthola eziningana amagugu voltage: 6.3, 250 V Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukuphila kwabo kube ungahlangana transformers zamanje. Basuke efakwe kule imitha futhi ukuletha ukulawulwa zedivayisi.

design

A isisekelo transformer kunzima ukwaba, kodwa uma esekelwe isisindo, kuba ngokungangabazeki core (wesifunda kazibuthe). Yenziwe amashidi steel zazo babuthana uvalwe babambisana. Lokhu kukuvumela ukuba uthole esiphezulu kungenzeka Ingxenye evundlile wesifunda kazibuthe. Kodwa ingasetshenziswa hhayi kuphela steel, babevame cores ferromagnetic. Le into, okuyinto efana kakhulu izakhiwo kanye metal, kodwa likwazi isakhiwo ukuhluka. Kunezinhlobo ezithile Transformers, imiklamo eyisisekelo nesithombe enikezwa esihlokweni.

Umklamo ukhona ngoba Windings okungenani ezimbili. Omunye (primary) supply voltage ikhiqizwa. Kusukela kwesibili, kwesithathu, N-hydrochloric, undervoltage kuhoxiswe nge nobuningi kanye uhlobo input efanayo. Han amandla sakhiwa zethusi wire. Yena ahlala phezu ifreyimu, esemgwaqweni emhlabeni wesifunda kazibuthe. Lapho amandla kagesi lisetshenzisiwe wesifunda eyinhloko livela i kushintshana kazibuthe okuyinto eheha e secondary EMF emazombezombe. Ngenxa yalokho, okukhiphayo umehluko ezithile ezingaba khona.

amandla transformers

Imihlobo oshiwo ngenhla yibo ukuguqula ugesi ku inethiwekhi. It is hhayi kuphela efakwe ezincane transformer. Izinhlobo ezihlukahlukene amandla Transformers, awakhonzi nje kuphela ukwehlisa voltage ukuze 110 kV, isibonelo, 6 kV uma esiteshini esincane sikagesi. Lezi zihlanganisa, namadivayisi elisetshenziswa izimpahla amandla umsakazo yasendlini. Eqinisweni, ukuklanywa zonke efanayo, kukhona izingxenye ezivamile.

Ngisho Transformers Welding, izinhlobo zazo zahlukahlukene, akheke ngendlela efanayo. Kukhona umehluko wemisindo nemiqondo yamagama ezincane kuphela, ezifana amandla umshini ngesikhathi ezincane zinama ohlelweni uwoyela Ukupholisa, ngenkathi umsebenzi Welding ngaphandle kwalo. Kodwa ekugcineni kukhona okuphumayo womthetho okhona. Kuyadingeka ngenxa Welding ukujiya ezahlukene metal. Nokho, amadivaysi nokusetshenziswa ekuphileni kwansuku zonke, futhi ngaso sonke bancishwa izinguquko ezinjalo.

Autotransformers

Autotransformer - ingenye kwezinhlobo lapho Windings zamabanga aphansi naphezulu axhunyiwe ngqo. Lokhu kwenza kube nokwenzeka ukuthola hhayi kuphela uxhumano kagesi idivayisi, kodwa futhi kagesi. Ngokuvamile kukhona ezintathu ngokuzenzakalela transformer okukhiphayo, okuyinto ikuvumela ukuthola ezihlukahlukene voltages. Isici esiphawulekayo ngokuzenzakalela transformers - okusezingeni eliphezulu kahle. Kodwa kukhona omunye ethile enkulu - izifunda zamabanga aphansi naphezulu kungukuthi kagesi behlukene. Isetshenziswa ikakhulu for amandla abathengi ezifana isiqondiso transformer. Izinhlobo transformers nezinye izinjongo sichaziwe ngezansi.

Ukulinganisa

Ngokusebenzisa e-AC izinhlelo kagesi, ngohlobo olukhethekile transformers - wokulinganisa. Siyabonga kubo, okwandisa ukulinganiselwa amadivayisi wokulinganisa. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukuvumela akukho uxhumano kagesi ukuze le ntambo kagesi ukuqhuba yokukala zamanje egeleza phakathi kwalo. Ngamanye amazwi, ngaphandle kokubonisa kukagesi kungenzeka ukulawula zamanje ogeleza wesifunda. Kodwa ezimbili izinhlobo amadivaysi nesilinganiso ungabahlukanisa - voltage kanye Transformers zamanje. Kunezinhlobo ezihlukahlukene transformers zamanje, umehluko yabo ngobukhulu nobubanzi.

Transformers yamanje uvumele izinguquko. Ngako-ke tindlela wamanje elikhulu ogeleza wesifunda kuyehla kube value ephephile. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kuphephile ngoba izinhlelo zokulawula okukhipha noma nesilinganiso, ukuvikelwa kanye namadivayisi alamu. Primary emazombezombe - iyingxenye umqhubi, emhlabeni yesibili emazombezombe wenziwa. Nge yokugcina isuswe samanje 1 ampere noma 5. Kodwa transformers voltage zenzelwe ngenjongo ezahlukene. Bakha iconsi voltage wokulinganisa izici. Ngosizo lwabo eyenziwa ngabodwa amadivayisi wesifunda oluyisivikelo voltage okusezingeni eliphezulu.

ishayela

Lolu hlobo divayisi isetshenziselwa izinjongo ezikhethekile. Kuyadingeka ukuguqula uchungechunge amasignali pulsed. Kulokhu-ke isikhathi esisodwa ishayela bengase bazikhandlele amashumi amaningana microseconds. Futhi kukhona esinye isici ezincane - izinguquko kuphela amplitude we isignali, kodwa hhayi ezakheke ngayo. Phela, kunezinhlobo ezithile Ukuvikelwa ka Transformers, ishayela uhlinzekwa busebenze, ekuvimbeleni voltage ngokweqile noma yamanje.

Njengomthetho, amadivayisi ukushintsha asetshenziswa isifunda esasisenhloko yiwo ogelezela isiginali wave sikwele. Ngokuvamile, lolu hlobo amadivayisi elisetshenziswa inqubo ithelevishini. Bona ukuguqula encane pulses isikhathi isiqophi nge eliphezulu kakhulu emsebenzini umjikelezo. Futhi okukhiphayo uthola isignali injalo yasekuqaleni, kodwa amplitude anda.

isiphetho

Manje uyazi ukuthi a transformer. Izinhlobo transformers siye walunguza, wabona ukuthi abe umehluko ezimbalwa, naphezu kweqiniso lokuthi isakhiwo kuyafana. Sicela uqaphele ukuthi uma usebenza nanoma yimuphi imishini kagesi kuyadingeka ukuze agcine siphephe. Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-AC inkonzo kagesi kumele abe band ukubekezelelana.