Kuyini sengisiza, impahla yayo futhi izici

Hola - metal ukuthi kuyaziwa kusukela ezikhathini zasendulo. Indoda ulisebenzisela 2-3 ayizinkulungwane. BC, futhi elaqala ukutholwa laseMesophothamiya. Kukhona phambili ayenza izitini encane, imifanekiso eqoshiwe, ezihlukahlukene nezimpahla zasendlini. Ngisho nangaleso sikhathi, abantu uzilungiselele ngokusebenzisa le lethusi isici, kanye wenza lokhu metal ipuleti zokubhala izinto ezicijile.

Yini loko lobhala metal?

He is ilungu iqembu IV we lwezakhi 6 isikhathi, lapho has a nenombolo ye-serial 82. Kuyini abaholayo nemvelo? Kuvame kakhulu eziye zatholwa Galena, ogama ifomula - PBS. Kungenjalo-ke ngokuthi Galena Galena. elementi Pure kuyinto ezithambile nabalolongeka metal ezingcolile grey umbala. Emoyeni ke usike ngokushesha embozwe ungqimba ezondile oxide. Oxides thembeke ukuvikela metal kusukela namachibi okwengeziwe kuzo zombili izindawo ezimanzi futhi omile. Uma ebusweni metal oxide enamathela, hlanza, iyakuphenduka umthunzi okhazimulayo tint okwesibhakabhaka. nokuhlanzwa okunjalo kungaba kwenziwe, uma phambili batheleka vacuo futhi solder kube umfuma cleaner.

Ukuxhumana nama-asidi

Sulfuric futhi acid hydrochloric ebuthaka kakhulu ukuhola, kodwa metal okubonakala kalula encibilikayo nitric acid. Zonke chemical metal compounds okungase encibilikayo, zinobuthi. It ikhiqizwa ziqhamuka imikhando: Galena lokuqala calcined ngaphambi kokuthuthela kuholele oxide, bese yalolu ketshezi kuyehla esebenzisa amalahle metal okumsulwa.

I izakhiwo jikelele element

inhlanganiso Lead kuyinto 11,34 g / ^cm3. Lena izikhathi 1.5 njengengcebo enkulu kunemicebo ukuminyana zensimbi kane obukhulu kunobukaJohane aluminium engasindi. Hhayi lutho ngolimi Russian igama elithi "abaholayo" kuyinto yinye "kanzima". Melting Lead kwenzeka ezingeni lokushisa ^mayelana 327,5 C. Flying iba metal ngisho ashisa kuma of 700 C °. Lolu lwazi kubaluleke kakhulu kulabo basebenza emkhakheni yokuthola lesi metal. Its lula kakhulu bhala ngisho uzipho, kulula ukuthi unikezele ku amashidi mncane. Lena metal soft kakhulu.

Ukuxhumana nezinye izinsimbi, Ukushisa

I ethize ukushisa umthamo lomthofu kuyinto 140 J / kg. Ngokusho impahla yabo kumakhemikhali metal esingasebenzi. Phakathi ekucindezelekeni itholakala phambi hydrogen. Nosawoti yalo eyokwenza indawo kalula ezinye izinto ezimbiwa phansi. Ngokwesibonelo, cabanga ngendaba engenziwa: yehlisa induku isixazululo zinc acetate kwalesi sakhi. Wabe oluwela izinduku zinc ngesimo zinhlayiya Fluffy ukuthi osokhemisi ukubiza "isihlahla Saturn sika." Injani ukushisa umthamo othize lomthofu? Kusho ukuthini lokhu? Lesi sibalo - 140 J / kg. Bese kuba okulandelayo: ukufudumeza metal ngayinye 1 kilogram ^C kudinga 140 Joules ukushisa.

Distribution ngokwemvelo

Lokhu metal ayibangelwa kangako e uqweqwe eMhlabeni - 0,0016% kuphela isisindo. Nokho, ngisho lesi sibalo sikhombisa ukuthi kwande ngaphezu mercury bismuth negolide. Ososayensi bathi lokhu kubangwa yokuthi ezahlukene phambili isotopes kukhona imikhiqizo ukubola cindezela kanye nokwe-uranium, ngakho okuqukethwe abaholayo ungqimba lomhlaba liye landa kancane kancane phezu izigidi zeminyaka. Okwamanje, siyazi eziningi imikhando phambili - kuthiwa Galena, futhi imiphumela yawo yamakhemikhali kugucuka.

Okuqukethwe ngokwemvelo: ingxenye ore

Esikhathini esidlule zihlanganisa sulfate phambili, cerussite (elinye igama - omhlophe phambili ore) mimetit Stolz. I imikhando nazo ziqukethe uhlu nezinye izinsimbi - cadmium, ithusi, zinc, isiliva, i-bismuth. Lapho amanga netshe lomthofu, lokhu metal ligcwele hhayi kuphela emhlabathini kodwa futhi amachibi, izitshalo. Kuyini abaholayo nemvelo? Kuyinto njalo uxhumano bakhe ngokukhethekile. Futhi, metal eziqukethwe imikhando ngezinto enemisebe - uranium futhi cindezela.

umkhakha heavy metal

Indlela esetshenziswa kakhulu umkhakha kuyinto ekhuthaza lomthofu nensimbi. solder Isilinganiso enesihloko esithi "tretnik" sisetshenziswa kabanzi ngoba piping ukuxhumana futhi izintambo kagesi. Le ngxube iqukethe omunye phambili futhi ezimbili zasemahlombe tin. Izikhumba ucingo izintambo sebhetri futhi ingase iqukathe phambili. Iphuzu ukuncibilika ezinye compounds yayo sincane kakhulu - isibonelo, cadmium noma tin Alloys ancibilike at 70 ° ^C. imishini nemililo ekhiqizwa kusukela compounds ezinjalo. Metal Alloys kabanzi shipbuilding. Zivame ababethi ukukhanya grey umbala. Inkantolo ngokuvamile camera nge ingxubevange tin phila sokuvikelwa ukugqwala.

Inani labantu base-esidlule kanye nokusetshenziswa

AmaRoma ayesebenzisa i yokukhiqiza ipayipi lensimbi iphayiphi. Ukuhola endulo kuhlotshaniswa abantu iplanethi Saturn, futhi, ngakho-ke, ngaphambi kokuba ibizwa ngokuthi i-Saturn. NgeNkathi Ephakathi ngenxa isisindo sayo esindayo metal livame ukusetshenziswa ucwaningo alchemical. Wayevame kuchasiselwe ikhono jikisa igolide. Ukuhola - metal ukuthi ngokuvamile kakhulu kudidaniswe ithini olwaqhubeka kwaze kwaba ngekhulu le-17. Futhi ngezilimi ubudala Slavic, futhi wayegqoke igama.

Yamila ukuba yolimi lwanamuhla Czech, lapho heavy metal ngokuthi olovo. Abanye ochwepheshe emkhakheni wesayensi yezilimi akholelwa ukuthi igama Plumbum lihlotshaniswa ezinye emaphandleni ngesiGreki. umsuka Russian kwegama elithi "phambili" ukuze ososayensi alucacile. Ezinye izazi zezilimi iyihlanganise ne izwi Lithuanian «scwinas».

Ukusetshenziswa yendabuko phambili emlandweni - kukhiqizwe amachashazi, izikhali ingxenyenamba, nezinye projectiles ahlukahlukene. It wasetshenziselwa ngenxa eziphansi kanye ongaphakeme ukuma. Ngaphambili, womshini izingalo metal ingxenyenamba e esincane i-arsenic.

Ukuhola yasetshenziselwa eGibhithe lasendulo. Kusukela yathela amabhlogo wokwakha, eziqoshiwe ababenengqondo, zemali kubalwa ngokugcwele. AbaseGibhithe babekholelwa ukuthi phambili has a amandla akhethekile. Babedalelwene sakhe ipuleti encane, futhi abayisebenzisa ukuba asivikele ezitheni zethu. Kodwa amaRoma ayizange amapayipi amanzi nje. Futhi ekhiqizwa izimonyo ungazi ngisho nokwazi lokhu sensimbi, okuyinto ngokwabo ngemvume lokhu isigwebo sokufa. Phela, ukufika umzimba nsuku zonke, ukuhola okubangelwa izinhlungu zokugula okungathí sina.

Kuthiwani imvelo zanamuhla?

Kukhona izinto ezibulala abantu kancane kodwa ngokuqinisekile. Futhi lokhu awasebenzi kuphela ongakhanyiselwe okhokho endulo. Imithombo phambili anobuthi namuhla - kungcono yogwayi, ezisemadolobheni uthuli amakhaya. Ingozi athwale ngazimbili upende. Kodwa umonakalo omkhulu kukhona imoto qeda, inqwaba ziqukethe phambili.

Kodwa engozini akuzona kuphela izakhamuzi amadolobha, kodwa futhi labo abahlala emaphandleni. Lapha, insimbi kungenzeka buthelela enhlabathini bese ungene izithelo nemifino. Ngenxa yalokho, umuntu uthola abangaphezu kwengxenye yesithathu lomthofu ngokudla. Kulokhu ongakhonza kuyindlela yokuvimbela kuphela onamandla Antioxidants, magnesium, i-calcium, selenium, ngamavithamini A no-C Uma bayaphela njalo, kungenziwa thembeke iwukudambisa ngokwabo emiphumeleni elimazayo metal.

ukulimala

Njalo wesikole uyazi sengisiza ukuthi anjalo. Kodwa akubona bonke abantu abadala bayakwazi ukuphendula umbuzo yini umonakalo ke. izinhlayiya zayo ufake umzimba ngokusebenzisa imigudu yokuphefumula. Okulandelayo uqala uxhumane igazi ukusabela nge izingxenye ezihlukahlukene zomzimba. Iningi le ukuhlupheka uhlelo zemisipha. Kukhona 95% ukusetshenziswa Imininingwane yomuntu ngomthofu.

Amazinga aphezulu ke emzimbeni kuholela retardation engqondo, futhi abadala ukuthi kuziveza ngesimo izimpawu sokucindezeleka. Ngokweqile kubonisa ukudideka, ukukhathala. Ukuhlupheka namathumbu - ngoba eqhuba lolu hlelo kumele ngokuvamile zenzeka zibe. Lokhu heavy metal nayo zathiya kanye uhlelo zokuzala. Abesifazane kuba nzima ukuthela izithelo, futhi amadoda kungase uhlangabezana nezinkinga nge izinga isidoda. Futhi, kuyingozi kakhulu ngoba nezinso. Ngokusho Olunye ucwaningo lwabonisa ukuthi kungabangela izimila ebulalayo. Nokho, isamba esingeqile 1 mg, phambili angase abe usizo umzimba. Ososayensi bathole ukuthi le metal kungaba nomphumela amagciwane ezithweni umbono - kodwa khumbula ukuthi ukuhola enjalo futhi asebenzise kuphela ngemithamo engeqile kuvunyelwe.

Ekuphetheni

Njengoba sekushiwo, umxhasi lokhu metal lasendulo ayebhekwa iplanethi Saturn. Kodwa-Saturn izinkanyezi - ke ingumfanekiso yesizungu, ukudana isiphetho ezinzima. Akunjalo uma phambili - hhayi engumngane kangcono umuntu? Kungenzeka uye ayithande kakhulu akufanele sigcizelele umphakathi yabo njengoba intuitively Kusolwa lasendulo Ukushayela kwezindlela Lead-Saturn. Phela umonakalo emzimbeni we metal ungase ungalungiseki.