Kuyini futhi indlela yokwakha isisekelo yezandla zabo columnar

Isisekelo ngokuthi leyo ngxenye isakhiwo, okuyinto ethatha yonke umthwalo izindawo futhi adlulisele kwaze kwaba phansi emhlabathini. Amandla isisekelo incike ukuzinza, amandla nokuqina kwayo yonke indlu, ngakho-ke kubalulekile ukuba ukhethe uhlobo olulungile.

Omunye uhlobo isisekelo kuyinto columnar. kudivayisi yakhe kuwusizo uma kudingeka izisekelo ezijulile nezinye lezisekelo, ezifana ibhande noma setshe, ebiza kakhulu salokhu. Ngokuvamile, isisekelo pier ngaphansi suit ukukhanya, esisodwa noma ezimbili storey izakhiwo abenziwe ngokhuni noma isitini.

Hlela isisekelo ngezandla zakhe columnar noma enye into amanye, nakuba akulula, kodwa ngempela nokwenzeka, kufanele kuphela ukujwayelana ubuchwepheshe ukwakhiwa.

Design Stolbovoye isisekelo ukwakhiwa ahlukene, okuthunyelwe engahlobene, ngaphansi amayunithi eziyisisekelo ukwakhiwa - ngaphansi amakhona azungezwe isakhiwo, empambana izindonga, ngaphansi zinsika namanye amaphoyinti imithwalo emikhulu kanzulu. Njengomthetho, bakhela esisekelweni ngezandla zakhe columnar, ibanga emkhatsini wetincenye teluhlaka uyenze ukuze 1.2-3 m. Eyokwakha izingongolo embondelene strapping imishayo, okuyinto, empeleni, futhi ezakhiweni zamatshe aqoshiwe izindonga iqala.

Ukukhulisa izandla zakhe zingase isisekelo columnar usetshenziselwe le njongo izinto ezilandelayo: imfucumfucu ukhonkolo, ukhonkolo, imfucumfucu-limestone, itshe yemvelo noma isitini. Ubukhulu of izinsika isisekelo incike yokukhiqiza izinto, Ubukhulu nokwakhiwa kwaleli impahla okuyindawo izokwakhiwa.

Kusukela insika ukwakha isisekelo yezandla zabo, kufanele wazi izilinganiso zobukhulu ngqo saleso sakhiwo, layout zayo, okungukuthi, indawo umthwalo eziveza izindonga ngodonga. Into yokuqala udinga ukwenza ku isakhiwo site, leteyipu kulinganiswa ubude izindonga, maphakathi zezingongolo Kusolakala okhandwe ngesando nezikhonkwane yokuqinisekisa saziso ngokuphambeneyo ukugwema skewing futhi siqinisekise ukuthi wonke amagumbi ubukhulu 90 °.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukwakha insika lesisekelo ngezandla zakhe, kudingeka indlela ukusebenza sokuprakthiza ukuba umbe ngaphansi post ngalinye umgodi encane. ukujula kwakho kuncike nenhlabathi ejulile qa esifundeni. Ngokwesibonelo, uma inani 1 m, ukujula emgodini kufanele kwenziwe 1.2 m, ububanzi ezinhlangothini zalo incike okuthunyelwe sigaba. Ngamunye ngemba ikhefu kudingeka sokugeza izindonga ngezikhathi ezithile, bayibeke ezinhlangothini ungangenisi amanzi ungqimba, kungenzeka ukusebenzisa ezivamile impahla ukufulela kanye phansi ugcwalise isihlabathi embhedeni encane, okuyinto Kunconywa kahle ohlangene. Maphakathi izinsika esizayo setha ezinye Amabha ukuqinisa, okumele aphume ashone ngaphezu komhlabathi phambi ukuphakama kulindeleke timphawu.

Isinyathelo esilandelayo zifakwa iyokuhlomela yokwemba aphathekako eliphansi ke emhlabeni insika ngayinye kufanele ahlele formwork. Kungaba ngokhuni noma insimbi, egoqekayo noma Monolithic. Ukhonkolo kufanele bathathe uphawu okusezingeni eliphezulu, futhi ngo-ezimele ukulungiswa ukhonkolo ingxube ezidingekayo ukuqinisekisa ukuthi usimende has a uphawu hhayi ngaphansi kuka 400. Uma wayefisa, isisekelo ngezandla zabo kungenziwa ayakhiwe columnar izitini nezitini e usimende nosimende, nge oyisibopho Ligation sutures.

Into esemqoka ekwakhiweni lolu hlobo isisekelo, kubalulekile ukuba banamathele umthetho yensimbi: ukuphakama Amabha kumele nendawo ulinganiswe, ngoba lokhu ungasebenzisa izinga lamanzi kanye somthetho ukukhiqiza hhayi kuphela bollards angomakhelwane, kodwa futhi on the diagonal.

Kungenzeka, njengoba formwork unomphela, ukusebenzisa asbestos usimende amapayipi. Kulesi simo ogibele phansi ekhosombeni, ulinganise ngokucophelela mpo futhi lonke ukuphakama kukholamu egcwele ukhonkolo, it is tamping kahle.

amakholomu Elungisiwe kufanele kwesokunxele ukuqedela solidification ngokhonkolo hhayi esingaphansi kwenyanga, imbozwe inhlabathi.

Ngaphambi ukwakhiwa kufanele enze isisekelo ukubala pier. Wena ukukwenza akunakwenzeka ukuba kwenzeke, ngoba le nqubo kuba ngempela kukhathaza futhi kudinga ezinye ubuchwepheshe, ngokuvamile, sifaka letigaba letilandzelako: Ekunqumeni uhlobo inhlabathi kanye amatafula ekhethekile ukuthola ukubaluleka esiphezulu umthwalo kuvunyelwe, ke isisindo ebalisisiwe ka yonke imiklamo ekhaya futhi ekunqumeni indawo maximal umthwalo amaphuzu. Khona-ke, uJesu oyisibonelo esikhulu kunazo isisindo ukubaluleka luhlukaniswe Inkokhelo futhi, ngenxa yalokho, inani etholwe isisekelo eziveza ndawo. Ngokuvamile, sokuqinisekiswa, lapho ingezwe i ezengeziwe 40% yenani. Kodwa leli qhinga lula, ngoba ngokwenza ukubala uyakucabangela ngaphezulu columnar isisekelo grade ukhonkolo, isibalo valve namanye nemingcele ezidingekayo. Kunoma ikuphi, akudingekile ukuba bahlanganyele isisekelo izibalo ngokwakho, ngoba ingxenye esinzima kunazo isakhiwo kanye iphutha izibalo yakhe zingabakhumbula kuyabiza.