I-potential electrode ingabe umehluko wamandla okugesi ophakathi kwe-electrolyte kanye ne-electrode. Ukubukeka okunjalo kungenxa yokuhlukaniswa kwendawo yamacala, okuyizibonakaliso eziphambene nomngcele wokuhlukaniswa kwesigaba nokwakhiwa kocingo oluphindwe kabili kagesi. Ukuhlukaniswa kwendawo yamacala emngceleni ophakathi kwe-electrode yensimbi kanye nesisombululo se-electrolyte kuhlotshaniswa nezimo ezinjengokudluliselwa kwe-ions kusuka ensimbi kuya kwisixazululo ngesikhathi kusungulwa ukulinganisa kwe-electrochemical, kanye nokufakwa kwe-ions kusuka ku-electrolyte kuya phezulu komshini; Ukususwa kwegesi ngaphesheya kwe-ion ngokuqinisekisiwe kwe-crystal lattice ekhishwe; Ukukhangisa kwe-noncoulomb kwe-ions noma ama-molecule we-liquid on electrode. Ngenxa yezimo ezimbili zokugcina, amandla okugcoba ama-electrode akasoze ahlala, ngisho noma ukushaywa kwensimbi yensimbi kungenhla. Ukubaluleka okuphelele kwekhono le-electrode elilodwa alinqunywanga, ngaleyo ndlela indlela isetshenziselwa ukuqhathanisa i-reference electrode kanye ne-electrode okufanele ihlolwe. Amandla we-electrode angalinganiswa nobukhulu be- electromotive force (EMF) etholakala esiteshini se-electrochemical. Ukuze uthole izixazululo ezinomsoco kuyisiko ukusebenzisa ama-hydrogen electrodes. Izakhi ezijwayelekile zalolu hlobo zisetshenziselwa amazinga ezinhlobonhlobo zezilinganiso ze-electrochemical, kanye namadivayisi we-galvanic. I-electrode ye-hydrogen yinsimbi noma ipulangwe eyenziwe ngensimbi eyenza i-gaseous hydrogen kahle (i-palladium noma i-platinum ivame ukusetshenziswa). Ipuleti enjalo yocingo igcwele ingcindezi yomswakama ne-hydrogen, ngemva kwalokho igxila kwisisombululo esinomsoco ocebile kuma-hydrogen ions. Ikhono lepuleti elinjalo lilingana nokuhlushwa kwe-ions kwisisombululo. I-element iyinhlangano evamile, ngokuphathelene nayo amandla okusebenzisa i-electrode we-chemical response reaction.
Lapho uhlanganisa amangqamuzana e- galvanic ngesisekelo sama-hydrogen namadivayisi atholakalayo, ukusabela (okubuyiselwayo) kwenzeke phezu kwensimbi yeqembu le-platinum , okusho ukuthi inqubo yokunciphisa noma ye-oxidation. Uhlobo lwenqubo luxhomeke ekusebenzeni okuqhubekayo kwalesi sici kunqunywa. I-potentially ye-electrode ye-hydrogen ithathwa njenge-zero uma ingcindezi ye-hydrogen ingumkhathi owodwa, i-proton concentration of the solution yi-mole engama-litre ngalinye kanye nokushisa okungama-298 K. Uma isici esingaphansi kokufundwa sisesimweni sokubhekisela, okungukuthi, lapho umsebenzi we-ion othinta amandla kungabunye, futhi Ingcindezi yegesi ingu-0.101 MPa, ukubaluleka kwalokho okungenzeka kubizwa ngokuthi kuyinto ejwayelekile. Ngokulinganisa i-EMF ye-electrode ye-galvanic ngaphansi kwezimo ezijwayelekile, amandla e-electrode ajwayelekile we-chemical response reaction ayalwa. Ngokujwayelekile lokhu kulinganiselwa ngaphansi kwemibandela lapho yonke imisebenzi ye-thermodynamic yokuphendula okungenzeka okungenzeka ilingana nobunye, futhi ingcindezi yegesi ingu-0.01 * 105Pa. Ikhono lezinto ezihlolwe libhekwa njengento enhle uma kumoya "wamanje" kwisifunda sangaphandle, ama-electron ahamba ukusuka kwesobunxele kuya ezinhlangothini ezifanele futhi ezithandekayo e-electrolyte.