Krishna - wukuthi unkulunkulu? Ngobani Hare Krishnas

Ukuze siqonde adepts entsha yase-Europe (neRussia ethile) inhlangano ethile yenkolo, kubalulekile ukwazi ukuthi yini u-Kṛṣṇa. Kuyinto kaNkulunkulu, umprofethi noma omunye izithixo ababaziwa wamaHindu? Ake niqonde. Ingabe Hare Krishna abalandeli monotheism noma polytheism bona abathi? Bathi ukuthi indlela yokuzinikela eNdiya. Kodwa ukwenza Hare Krishnas bathi bayakholelwa ukuthi kunoNkulunkulu oyedwa. Ngaphezu kwalokho, bathi phakathi kwenkolo yabo futhi ubuKristu mehluko ayisisekelo. Phela, ngisho amagama kaMesiya acishe afane. Krishna noKristu, ngokusho kwabanye Abasekeli ihlelo, kuba obubili kaNkulunkulu ofanayo. Yini? Sifunda emaphutheni lesi sihloko.

Ngubani u-Kṛṣṇa?

Izithombe yanyatheliswa ngo izincwadi zenkolo, ngokuvamile kwamehlo ethu sibalo womuntu ongaziwa ibala lesikhumba. I-Sanskrit elithi "Krishna" kusho luhlaza. Futhi wemibhalo yenkolo umbala kwesikhumba uNkulunkulu uchazwa ngokuthi "afana blue amafu." Ngakho kuye futhi kuvezwa emakhasini "I-Bhagavad Gita", incwadi okungangabazeki ukuthi, ngokuthi "iBhayibheli Krishnaism".

Kodwa uNkulunkulu futhi uhlamvu nayo kweminye imibhalo yenkolo. Lona "Bhagavata purana", "Vishnu purana", "Mahabharata" futhi "Harivamsha". Bese ngokuba ukudideka European. Kwezinye imibhalo, Krishna - umfana ebukekayo, ngidlala ukweba uwoyela kunina kwesinye - izinkomo futhi cowherd lover ephelele noma iqhawe abanesibindi ofundisa umngane wakhe u-Arjuna. Kodwa ngaphezu kwakho konke, nguye avatar lwesishiyagalombili Vishnu. Futhi yokugcina - omunye ukhiye wonkulunkulu ababaziwa wamaHindu.

umlando Krishna

Ngokusho imibhalo engcwele, yesine yeminyaka BC emhlabeni impahla kusukela ezingokomoya Vishnu yehla, ukuzalwa esinjengomuntu e mathura njengoba ingane yesishiyagalombili Vasudeva nomkakhe, Princess Devaki. Weza ukumambula kubantu ezimisweni zenkolo yayo nokubonisa isenzo sikaNkulunkulu. Ngo isiqephu lokuzalwa kaKrishna usukela ngempela eziningi ezifanayo kanye indaba ngokuphila kukaJesu Kristu. Ngakho, umfowabo kaRebeka unina kaJakobe kwabikezelwa ukuthi wayezokufa ebulawa indodana yomfowabo lesishiyagalombili. Inkosi babenza konke okusemandleni ukuze ukubulala ingane udadewabo. A ngendlela ethé ukuhluka kancane kuka Kristu, Krishna wasinda kanjalo ekufeni. Kwakuyisikhathi ukudluliswa ezingaqondakali ingane ukuba ukhuthaze abazali - umalusi Nanda nomkakhe Yasoda. Kulesi sikhathi sokuphila Krishna Uvezwa ekahle insizwa edlala amantombazane cowherd futhi Radha yakhe ethandekayo. Lapho ekhula, wabuyela mathura, wabulala umalume wakhe noyisemkhulu wabuyela esihlalweni sobukhosi. Ngemva kwalokho, Krishna ube ngumngani Prince Arjuna wamnika isiqondiso zokuziphatha ngaphambi kwempi ye-kurukshetra. Kodwa hunter enegama obucacile of ngokuthi "ukuguga" (Jara) amgwaza nge umcibisholo wakhe.

Izimfanelo kanye namagama Krishna

amagatsha ahlukahlukene nokufundisa ngaphakathi Hinduism unike lolu unkulunkulu amagama. Avatar Vishnu uvame ukubizwa ngokuthi Govinda Gopala noma. Lezi magama abonisa ngokuqondile shepherdess nesithandwa ephelele. Futhi abantu Orissa Krishna - Jagannath kuyinto. Ngezinye ezingaphezu kwenkulungwane amagama Vishnu, abaningi babo bangabantu esivela avatar yakhe. Kodwa Hare Krishna umuntu ulichaza ngendlela yakhe igama unkulunkulu. Uma wenza kanjalo ngendlela ehlukile encwadini "a", igama ngokuvamile lihunyushwa ngokuthi "blue amnyama". Futhi uma "futhi" bese Krishna kusho "ezikhangayo". Kule incazelo incike kukankulunkulu izimfanelo. Govinda uchazwa ngokuthi umuntu owayemuhle abanebala elinsundu abasha, ngokuvamile ephethe umtshingo. Umi e ukuma nginabo imilenze yakhe zihlangene. Ngokuvamile ubizwa ababethi umthandi umphakathi Radha. Kodwa ngezinye izikhathi Krishna sibonakalise izimfanelo zaphezulu Vishnu - eningi izandla, amakhanda noma Chakra.

Kusukela polytheism ukuba ubudlelwane phakathi kokukodwa nokuningi

Ubufakazi bokuqala bokuba khona yokukhulekelwa kukankulunkulukazi uhlamvu wamaHindu Olympus zingezikaJehova BC ngekhulu lesihlanu leminyaka. Kodwa kancane kancane izinga kaKrishna waqala ukwaba ke phakathi abanye onkulunkulu. Esikhathini lesishiyagalolunye AD leminyaka, lwezinhlangano ezingathandwa ezibhekwa yayo kwaduma kakhulu eNingizimu India. Futhi eminyakeni eyikhulu kwakhiwa futhi acacisa ezikoleni zenkolo ezifana Shrinathji (Rajasthan), Vithoba (Maharashtra) kanye Jagannath (Orissa). Krishna benawo izimfanelo ezifana 'intsha okuphakade "," kukhanya ekhazimulayo "," iqiniso ". Futhi ekugcineni, enkulu ekwakhekeni yokugcina - Gaudiya Vaishnavism - ke udumo imfanelo kaNkulunkulu eyodwa - okubizwa ngokuthi iqiniso elimsulwa.

Western Hare Krishnas: bangobani?

Ngonyaka ayisithupha nesithupha umshumayeli wokugcina ekhulwini Bhaktivedanta Swami Prabhupada wasungula inhlangano yenkolo "International Society for Krishna Consciousness." Wenza intando umeluleki wakhe Bhakti Siddhanta Saraswati futhi zayiswa izisekelo Naude Vaishnavism ukuba olimini lwesiNgisi livela kwelesiLatini. Nakuba Roman ubuKristu esibucayi. Amathrendi okusha ethumba Sacrum elambile exoticism yayo. Abasunguli we "International Society for Krishna Consciousness," sokuqala esilotshwe e-United States, bese izinhlangano ezifanayo baqala ukuvela esemancane eNtshonalanga Yurophu. Ukuwa okubizwa ngokuthi ubuKhomanisi imiphakathi engokwenkolo baqala ukuvela endaweni ezweni elaliyiSoviet Union. Kodwa laba bantu izembatho ezimhlophe nesafroni, waphucula ikhanda lakhe - Akuwona kuphela abakholelwa Krishna. "Hare" - eyodwa nje izinkolo eziningi ngaphakathi Vaishnavism. Babiza ophakeme unkulunkulu Krishna, le Absolute.

lwezinhlangano ezingathandwa ezibhekwa

Njengoba zonke izinkolo wamaHindu, baleli imfundiso zihamba Ashram. Leli akulona ethempelini ngomqondo yobuKristu izwi. Ashram kungaba efulethini evamile noma endlini. Iyindawo lapho umphakathi iyokwenziwa wahlanganyela beqondiswa guru e imikhuba ezingokomoya. Igama elithi "Ashram" lisho ukuthi "ukuvikeleka". Okungukuthi, ukuza ku ukunakekelwa, okuyinto eyenza edonsa Krishna. Ama ifotho, ebonisa ashrams, abonisa ukuthi kukhona into ebaziwe ka unkulunkulu othile, ngokuvamile hhayi oyedwa, nomngane Radha. It is ngenhlanhla lihlotshaniswa insikazi ukuzazisa Alter Krishna. UbuNkulunkulu amakholwa ethulwa prasadam - esidlweni isiko, okuyinto sikulungele uthando lukaNkulunkulu nezingane zakhe.