Izithombo ezithambile varietal Potato

Okwamanje, kunezinhlobo eziningi ezahlukene nezinhlobonhlobo amazambane kusukela nezikhathi ezahlukene yokuvuthwa: ekuseni kakhulu, ekuseni, maphakathi no-isizini, emva kwesikhathi. ezihlukahlukene ngasinye has izici zayo siqu yokukhula, izinzuzo kanye izimfanelo ezikhethekile. Kodwa ukuze alondoloze izindawo eziyingqayizivele izimpande futhi uthole isivuno esihle, udinga eliphezulu zokutshala impahla.

Ukulungiselela yenzalo

Iqala ekwindla lapho evuna nezilimo eziyizigaxa amazambane. Kubalulekile unakekele ukuthi izingxenye abavuniwe bahlanza kusuka ukungcola mechanical nokungcola, kuyilapho nezilimo eziyizigaxa komama zisusiwe ngokuphelele. Material zokutshala kumele ibe mahhala umonakalo ngokomzimba nezindawo sikhubazekile, futhi kudingeka ukhethe nezilimo eziyizigaxa for usayizi - encane kakhulu noma inkulu kakhulu ayifanele zokutshala.

Abanye amapulazi abaqhuba ukusika ezinkulu amazambane nezilimo eziyizigaxa zibe izingxenye eziningana ukukhiqiza imbewu ngaphezulu. Nokho, i-high-umkhiqizo amasiko, le ndlela azikwazi Kunconywa. ingozi yokutheleleka kuyinto isiko enkulu kakhulu ye webhaktheriya, fungal kanye nezifo ezibangelwa amagciwane. Bona kamuva kuholele abalulekile isivuno ukulahleka - kufike ku-80%.

ukwelashwa Chemical yokulwa izinambuzane

Ukutshala amazambane zokutshala impahla kuyoba ayizwakali ngaphandle ekhethekile yokwelapha amakhemikhali ejenti. Nezilimo eziyizigaxa ungayeki sokuvuna okukhulu uma ehlaselwa izifo kanye izinambuzane. Izidakamizwa ezivamile esekelwe thiabendazole futhi imidazole.

Material zokutshala Lesi sifo siphatha kakhulu izinhlobo isifo okwengeziwe iphathwa ngaphambi kokutshala ejenti antifungal. ukunakekelwa okukhethekile kudinga ukuvikelwa imbewu amazambane kusukela igciwane izifo. Kugcwele Etching nezilimo eziyizigaxa zinambuzane, okuyinto isiqala ukuvikela izitshalo ezisencane kakade ngesikhathi ukuhluma. Etching ubuye ngempumelelo ngokumelene Colorado amazambane beetle aphid ikuyo yonke indawo.

amalungiselelo yemvelo

Material ukutshala amazambane ihlumela phakathi cishe ngo 20-40 izinsuku emva kokuba ibekwe emhlabathini. On izinga ukuhluma futhi, ngakho-ke, isikhathi sokuvuna kuthonywa kokubili ubulungu letihlungiwe (izinhlobonhlobo zakuqala vyspevayut ngokushesha), kanye isinyathelo nezilimo eziyizigaxa ngokukhethekile wenza biologics. Zisetshenziswa ukuze unciphise yokukhula kusuka amabili kuya amane amasonto.

biofeedback ukuqeqeshwa isimiso nezilimo eziyizigaxa ophoqelelwe bavuke ebuthongweni babo futhi ukwakha amahlumela enempilo. Yezinjongo eziyinhloko eziphilayo ukulungiselela izithombo:

• ukuthola inombolo kahle amagciwane;
• ukusheshisa zezitshalo ukuhluma;
• ukuqinisekisa sokuvuna ngaphambili nge nezilimo eziyizigaxa ezinkulu;
• ukunciphisa ingozi ekuhlaseleni nezilokazane nezifo ezibangelwa amagciwane.

nokuphoqa nezilimo eziyizigaxa

Le nqubo ivame imbewu nezithombo. Ziphuzo zazihluzwa kwenza "vuka" ukwakha nezilimo eziyizigaxa futhi amahlumela enempilo. Ubude obuphelele yenqubo ezingeni lokushisa ezifanele 8-10 ° C kusukela kweviki elilodwa kuya kwamathathu. Inqubo Akudingi imishini ekhethekile futhi ezingase zithathwe nge izindleko ongatheni, ngisho esimweni nezilimo eziyizigaxa ngobuningi. Ziphuzo zazihluzwa isetshenziswa bonke imigqa commercial amazambane kulinywe.

Inketho yokuqala - amasonto amathathu ngaphambi kuhlelwe zokutshala impahla ibekwe ngaphansi ukukhanya okusabalele. Kungcono ukwakha emashalofini nge zangaphansi, nekuvula ematfuba etindlela tekutfola umfaniswano ukukhanya komoya. Ngezinye ongaphakeme okushisa ongaphandle ukuze avikeleke emimoyeni umnkantsha nezilimo eziyizigaxa, esehlanganise nabo spunbond noma utshani.

Eyesibili inketho - ukuba Sinqanda ukufinyelela yokukhanya emavikini amabili ngaphambi zokutshala. Ukubekwa emashalofini efana indlela okwenziwa ekukhanyeni okusabalele, ne umehluko kuphela nokuba ukuthi nezilimo eziyizigaxa kanye eligoqiwe embozwe tarp obukhulu noma ifilimu amnyama. Ngemva ukutshala impahla "wake up" (phezu amazambane ekhiqizwa amacashazi amhlophe), kubalulekile ukususa tarp futhi pholisa ndawo.

Esesithathu inketho - ukwanda kancane kancane lokushisa egumbini lapho isitokwe imbewu lilondolozwe. ziphuzo zazihluzwa okunjalo iqala amasonto amathathu ngaphambi kokutshala, izinga lokushisa kancane kancane antante 8 ° C. Lapho efika namahlumela 1-2 mm ubude (5 mm) kunesidingo ukuze kukhawulwe okwengeziwe lokushisa iyakhula. Ngaphezu kwalokho ugcine zasendlini lokushisa isitoreji ejwayelekile.

ukushukuma ukukhula engeziwe

Ezinsukwini eziyishumi zokuqala zale nqubo kufanele ushiye impahla zokutshala ezingeni lokushisa 8-12 ° C ebumnyameni. Ngemva ukubukeka 3-5 mm amahlumela eside kufanele ziqale ukumboza nezilimo eziyizigaxa amahora 8-12 ngosuku futhi ukwandisa izinga lokushisa ukuze 12-18 ° C, nomswakama isihlobo kufanele kube 80-90%. Umthombo ukukhanya ingasetshenziswa njengoba ukukhanya yemvelo noma bokuzenzela noma isibani sikagesi. Le modi wesitoreji ubambe izinsuku 20-25.

A iphutha elivamile eyenziwe abakhiqizi amazambane zokutshala impahla - cababa esuka endlini efudumele ngokushesha kule ekhanyayo. iviki elilodwa ngaphambi kokutshala nezilimo eziyizigaxa kufanele kuphole phansi 6-8 ° C, kanjalo sigweme ukucindezeleka ezishisayo emva kokutshala ezibandayo inhlabathi entwasahlobo Cishe. Ukuze ukupholisa nezilimo eziyizigaxa zingafakwa izigubhu ezikhethekile noma Pallets e izikhwama zepulasitiki esobala nge izimbobo ukuzwakalisa.