Izinyo Supernumerary: izimbangela, izimpawu kanye nezici ukwelashwa

Ngokuvamile ingane ikhula 20 namazinyo eyinhloko, bese indawo yabo kukhona 32 unomphela, kuhlanganise Iqembu Eight. Kodwa ngezinye izikhathi amazinyo besika ngaphezulu. A anomaly efanayo ibizwa ngokuthi giperdontiey futhi hyperdontia wenze extra iyunithi kwamazinyo - supernumerary. It ihlukile kwezinye zokwenezela izinyo ukuma isikhundla ngalo ingaphakathi ngomlomo.

Ingozi yalesi sifo

Njengomthetho, amayunithi extra ikhule ngaphandle lomugqa izinyo, esithinta ukubukeka komuntu. Zibonakala ikakhulukazi uma smiling noma zokuxhumana. Kwezinye izimo, ngisho nomlomo avaliwe abantu lubonakale ophumile lip noma emhlathini ukubeka phambili ukuthi ayilokothi ilale. Ephambi kwezinduna namazinyo supernumerary avele ukufefeza futhi inkulumo izinkinga.

Enye giperdontiya kuthinta kumiswa i occlusion. Phela, nale zokugula ube nobunzima ukuhlafuna nokudla zidla, ngaphandle ukuguquguquka le molars. Ngenxa extra izinyo izakhi unezinkinga ukusebenza kohlelo inhlanzeko unomphela ngalo ingaphakathi ngomlomo. Kodwa ngaphandle ukunakekelwa efanele, kukhona izifo ezihlukahlukene ngalo ingaphakathi ngomlomo.

Kaningi kulimaze lapho beshushisa supernumerary namazinyo mucosa, okuholela izinqubo ukuvuvukala kule ngalo ingaphakathi ngomlomo. Ngenxa Ukugcwala amayunithi zamazinyo engimbumbile ngokungalungile womuntu dentition futhi occlusion amakhefu.

namazinyo Supernumerary: izimbangela

Imbangela yale anomaly ayikaziwa. Nokho, ososayensi baye basikisela ukuthi kuphakama hyperdontia ngenxa wokuqhekeka igciwane izinyo noma atavism.

Ukubukeka extra bone ekwakhekeni emlonyeni sithi iqiniso ukuthi uhlelo izinyo uzama ukubuyela inombolo yokuqala amayunithi ukuthi zabekwa etafuleni ngenjongo ngokwemvelo. Okhokho bethu e nemihlathi engenhla nengezansi bebekhona 6 amazinyo. Yingakho odokotela abaningi oyikholelwayo ukuthi giperdontiya abanye abantu - lutho ngaphezu throwback.

Ngokusho komunye umbono, extra amayunithi zamazinyo avele cleavage ezinyweni amagciwane. Giperdontiya kulokhu kuvela kusukela kokunikezwa kwe-emihlathini somntwana ongakazalwa esikhathini fetus. izinyo Supernumerary zingavela futhi ngenxa kulesi simo esibi, izifo ezibangelwa amagciwane, ukusetshenziswa umama esizayo izidakamizwa notshwala, izidakamizwa kungavunyelwe ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa nezinye izinto.

Izizathu zalokhu anomaly ososayensi basaqhubeka ukuphenya. Abakwazi ukuchaza ngokunembile hyperdontia ukuthuthukiswa, kodwa iningi labo sithambekele umbono wesibili.

Abantu abaningi e-giperdontii kukhona izinyo extra eyodwa kuphela, kodwa 25% amacala, eziningana zalokhu izakhi, okuyinto zitholakala ikakhulu dentition. Ngakho cishe wonke umuntu yesihlanu ibanjiwe njalo accumulator nomthelela izinyo nale egunjini lokuhlolwa kwezifo.

izinhlobonhlobo giperdontii

Lokhu anomaly libhekwa zibe izinhlobo ngezizathu eziningana. Ukwabela giperdontiyu:

• Atypical. amayunithi Supernumerary avele ngaphandle izimbobo alveolar, dentition, futhi ngezinye izikhathi ngisho ngaphandle ngalo ingaphakathi ngomlomo.
• Amanga. Ukuthuthukiswa hyperdontia elihlobene ne ukuqhuma spliced noma kabili bone ekwakhekeni, futhi imisiwe ukuphuma amazinyo lezihlahla.
• Iqiniso. Kukhona kumiswa amayunithi supernumerary zomdabu.
• Atavistic (ejwayelekile). izakhi izinyo engeziwe ahlelwe ngaphakathi dentition.

izimpawu Main hyperdontia

Teething amayunithi zokwenezela kungase kudingeke izimpawu ezihlukile izingane kanye nabantu abadala. Ngokwesibonelo, ezinye izinsana sizalwa labo amazinyo. Okuphakelayo kuba nzima kakhulu, njengoba nje kuvamile namanje phakathi ibele ubuhlungu ingono.

Lapho ekhula izinyo supernumerary e Enganeni endala ingase ibe nezimpawu ezithile ezifana:

• ukubukeka ubuhlungu endaweni ukuqhuma;
• umkhuhlane;
• ezimweni ezingajwayelekile - ukuqunjelwa;
• edema elingenhla ipheshana zokuphefumula;
• Ukuvuza amathe.

Into enzima kunazo zonke yenziwa extra teething yamazinyo izakhi elibonisa isibhakabhaka engenhla. Lapho ingane iqala ukukhuluma, hyperdontia embi yokubiza imisindo. Ngaphezu konke, njalo abalimala nezilimi nolwelwesi lwamafinyila we ngalo ingaphakathi ngomlomo, elibangela ukuthuthukiswa izinqubo ukuvuvukala.

Indlela ukudambisa izimpawu abuhlungu ukuqhuma namazinyo owengeziwe?

Kubalulekile izingane ezincane njengoba abadala ezimweni eziningi neze ukungakhululeki kanye ukubukeka izingcezu ezengeziwe zamazinyo emlonyeni. Njengoba izinyo zokwenezela inqanyulwa nge izimpawu ezifanayo njengoba ubisi, impatho yezinkinga kuyoba okufanayo.

Uma ingane ngesikhathi kuqhuma le ntaba amazinyo extra imfiva, kufanele usinike "ibuprofen" noma "paracetamol" ngesimo ukumiswa kwezokuphatha ngomlomo. Le mithi hhayi kuphela ukusiza ukwehlisa izinga lokushisa, kodwa futhi ukuqeda ubuhlungu nezimpawu ukuvuvukala kwezicubu ezithambile izinsini noma ulwanga.

Enye Kunconywa ukusebenzisa lendawo izinzwa umphumela ngesimo amafutha noma ijeli iqhuma izinyo supernumerary "Solcoseril", "Dentinox" futhi "Kalgel". Sinenkosi nomphumela eqeda ukuvuvukala kanye analgesic.

Izingane ezingaphezu kuka-2 ubudala avunyelwe aphathwe esebenzisa imithi ehlukile: imikhiqizo bee (propolis noju), decoction yamakhambi (Calendula, chamomile, lemon namafutha). It is ibuye Kunconywa ukuba Hlambulula umlomo wakho nge izixazululo eyenziwe zokupheka athandwayo. Bona akhulule kabi futhi kuvimbele ukuthuthukiswa ukuvuvukala. Kodwa ngaphambi ukwelashwa okunjalo kubalulekile uthintane wamazinyo wakho.

Ngezinye izikhathi izinyo yesikhashana supernumerary ziqhuma kancane kuphela, futhi ingxenye yalo umqhele emisipheni emhlathini. Ukuze wenze sikhule igciwane ube massage ekhethekile, vibration noma ukushukuma kagesi.

izinyathelo zokuxilonga

Ukuthola amanani ngokweqile amazinyo ngomlomo ingaphakathi wamazinyo eyanele ukwenza ukuhlolwa ezibukwayo ulalele izikhalo womuntu. Kodwa uma iyunithi akuyona kwabheduka supernumerary, onguchwepheshe kuhlolisiswe egcwele esimweni isithombe. Lolu cwaningo ivumela ngeso lengqondo zonke izinto zamazinyo, ngisho supernumerary, kodwa futhi ukuthola izici indawo yabo.

Uma ufuna ukuhlola indawo inkinga izindiza ezahlukene, kanye ukuthola izinqubo ukuvuvukala, uchwepheshe uqhuba sokutholakala ukuthi une-eyengeziwe usebenzisa computed tomography.

Ukuqedwa pathology

ukwelashwa giperdontii kuxhomeke ezicini eziningi - ukuthambekela nesikhundla namazinyo supernumerary, degree kuphazamiseka ukuthi kuphakamisa kanye kumiswa nesikhathi occlusion.

Supernumerary izinyo ukususwa wenziwa kwalezi zimo:

• iyunithi okweqile ziqhuma endaweni le molars.
• Extra bone ekwakhekeni kwaba isizathu kumiswa bite sokugembula kokubili ngokujulile futhi evulekile.
• Enomthelela supernumerary izinyo izakhi, kanti amathuba kubo akukho teething (distal, medial, vestibular noma emthambekeni palatal).

By the way, ngempela ngokuvamile eyodwa ukususa kuphela izinyo ngokweqile akwanele. Ukuze ukubuyisela ubuqotho dentition, aye ayisebenzisa kaningi ukusetshenziswa zikagesi orthodontic.

Ukususwa kwezimiso nomthelela izinyo supernumerary

Isizinda of ngokweqile iyunithi yamazinyo kuyinto phakathi nenqubo yokuhlinzwa, ngakho-ke Kwenziwa kuphela yamazinyo. Ngaphambi kokwenza lokhu inqubo is hhayi Kunconywa ukusebenzisa anticoagulants kanye nophuzo oludakayo. Ngosuku olwandulela ukususwa ngokweqile amayunithi udokotela ihlaziya ngokucophelela imiphumela CT noma-X ray.

Anesthesia sokususwa amazinyo supernumerary

Le nqubo kuba buhlungu kakhulu, ngakho isiguli wenziwa izinzwa. Anesthesia kuyakhethwa esekelwe ivolumu kokungenela kuhlinzwa, isimo jikelele isiguli sakhe noma elilingana naye.

Lapho kwenziwe ukususwa izinyo supernumerary e ingane hhayi abaneminyaka engama 10, Kungcono ukwenza ukubulawa kwezinzwa okuvamile, ikakhulukazi kokungenela esibuhlungu. Esimweni lapho umuntu samanje okungabangela inkinga yezinzwa, izifo kohlelo eziphathelene nenhliziyo, qiniseka ezingadingekile ukukhishwa izinyo iyunithi wenziwa esibhedlela ngaphansi izinzwa jikelele. izinzwa wendawo kuboniswa izingane ezineminyaka engu-10-12, ngisho ezimeni lapho ukuhlinzwa akuyona kakhulu lukhuni.

Ngaphambi kokususa izinyo supernumerary, udokotela wamazinyo wokuqala zonke lucwaningo cut endaweni yelungiselelo yayo. Imiphumela iba yinhlanganisela yokukhandleka uyaxebuka muco-periosteal ichopho. Khona-ke, udokotela wamazinyo wenza ukususwa ezingadingekile iyunithi kwamazinyo.

Isikhala ukuthi kwenzeka ngemva isizinda, udokotela wamazinyo igcwalisa ithambo impahla yokufakelwa, uma kunesidingo. Ngemva kwalokho uthela endaweni delamination ichopho futhi ngobumnene zonke sutures.

Isiguli ubuyela ekhaya ngosuku olufanayo. Yiqiniso, emasontweni ambalwa uzobona angabonwa nguchwepheshe. Ukuze ugweme ukuxakeka nasezinkingeni ezilandela ngemva kokuhlinzwa, iziguli ama-antibiotic. Ukukhuthaza ephulukisa imithombo Kunconywa ukususa antiseptics umlomo, isib, camomile umhluzi noma Furacilinum.