"Izintathu ezintathu": ukuhlaziywa, ama-protagonists kanye nesifinyeto. "Izintathu ezintathu", uLermontov

Ubuntu bukaMikhail Lermontov buyimfihlakalo, futhi umsebenzi wakhe ujulile futhi unenjongo kangangokuba kubonakala sengathi lezi zinto zenziwa ngumuntu ovuthiwe, ohlakaniphile kakhulu. Ngesikhathi uMel Lermontov ebhala izintathu ezintathu, wayeneminyaka engamashumi amabili nane kuphela. Kodwa lo msebenzi awuyona nje isibonelo esihle kakhulu samazwi womhlaba, lapha imbongi ibonisa ukuthi ungumlandeli omangalisayo nomcabangi. Ake sizame ukufakazela lokhu ngokusebenzisa amasu okuhlaziywa kwemibhalo okusetshenziselwa inkondlo nokuphindaphinda okuqukethwe kwayo emfushane.

«Izihlahla ezintathu zesundu»

I-Lermontov ibonakala kakhulu ezindabeni eziyinhloko zokuphila komuntu, amandla ezinkanuko namandla ommoya. Ngokulandisa kwakhe okunamandla okukhulu, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi isisho noma isiprose, umbongi uhilele umfundi ekujikelezeni kwemicabango yakhe. Ngakho-ke, asihlali singenandaba namaqhawe ayo kanye nezenzakalo ezichazwe emisebenzini yenkosi. Lokhu kusebenza ngokugcwele enkondlweni, ebizwa ngezinye izikhathi ngokuthi i-ballad "Izinsika ezintathu."

Iyini i-subtext?

Yini futhi ngubani ose-ballad of the same name, okushiwo uMnu. Lermontov, izintathu ezintathu? Yiqiniso, lokhu akuzona nje izihlahla ezintathu ezincane ezikhula phakathi kwehlane. Zonke zombili ukubonakaliswa kokuhlupheka kwabantu nokucwaninga, kanye nenkolelo yesimo sokuvukela, futhi uphawu lwezingxabano ezimbi zaleli zwe. Umkhiqizo unemibala eminingi. Ukususa isendlalelo ngendlala, siza emqondweni wombhali wangaphakathi.

Isifinyezo

Izihlahla ezintathu zezindebe uLermontov ezibekwe "empumalanga" yakhe e-oasis, lapho intwasahlobo iphelela khona entwasahlobo. Isigaba sokuqala se-ballad sinikezelwa kulo mdwebo we-landscape. Kuleli zwe eliphilayo elincane phakathi nendawo eyihlane elingenalutho futhi elivuthayo, kukhona uhlobo oluthile olwakhiwe ngokuvumelana: intwasahlobo iqinisa futhi ivuselele izimpande zemithi emithathu evukele esibhakabhakeni, futhi amahlamvu aminyene, aphethwe ngumthombo obuthakathaka wokushisa kwelanga nomoya obomvu. Iminyaka ihamba, futhi akukho lutho olushintshayo. Ngokungazelelwe izintende ziqala ukukhononda, ziveza ukunganeliseki iqiniso lokuthi ukuphila kwabo akusizi ngalutho futhi kuyisicefe. Ngokushesha ibanga livela inqwaba ye-caravane, abantu abakhala futhi behleka baye e-oasis, bayifinyelela, bajabule ngokuthokozisa zonke izibusiso ezikugcinwe zona: zigcwele amanzi, zisika izinsika zemithi ukuze zenze umlilo, zihambe endaweni yokusa, ziqhubeke nohambo . Khona-ke umoya uzohlakaza umlotha wezintende zezandla zokushiswa, futhi isishicilelo esingavinjelwe siyokoma ngaphansi kwama-sun emisebe. Lesi yisifinyezo.

Izintende ezintathu njengezibonakaliso zokuvukela intando kaNkulunkulu

Akuyona ingozi ukuthi kusukela emigqeni yokuqala uLermontov iyabalingisa yona i-epithet "eqhoshayo". Kusukela ekuboneni kweBhayibheli, ukuqhosha nokuziqhenya kuyisimo esibi kakhulu nesono. Ngempela, izintende zingenelisekile ngenhlanhla enhle uNkulunkulu ayichaza kubo, bahlubuka: akekho ozokwazi ubuhle nobuhle babo, ngakho ukuphila kuqhubeka ngeze! UNkulunkulu uqondise lezi zenzakalo ngendlela ehlukile, eyayiphenduka isundu sokufa. Inhlekelele yalesi simo ayifihli ngisho nokuphindaphindiwe kwe-ballad, ehambisana nesifinyeto esifushane. Izihlahla ezintathu zemithi yezitshalo uLermontov wafanisa isintu esinesithathu esakhiwa ngomzimba, umphefumulo nomoya, lapho zonke izingxenye ezintathu zavukela khona, ngakho-ke akubanga ngisho nokulandelana kwesokunxele se-oasis (isibonisi somuntu ovumelanisiwe), kanti kuphela i-kite engenakulinganiswa ngezinye izikhathi ibulala futhi ihlupha inyamazane yayo kule ndawo , Okuhloselwe ukuphumelela kokuphila.

I-pathos yezinto eziphilayo zenkondlo "Izinsika ezintathu"

Abalingiswa abayinhloko bomsebenzi babeshushisayo: izihlahla zazamukela izivakashi zabo ngokufudumele, zihlose ukungabonakali nje kuphela, kodwa futhi zinikeze lokho abanakho. I-oasis yanikeza abantu ukuphumula, ukuhlanzeka, umswakama, indawo yokukhosela phakathi nogwadule lwendle. Kodwa kusihlwa, abantu baqhwaba futhi baqoqa amasundu ukuze bazifudumele. Benza ngendlela engokwemvelo, kodwa ngokungabongi nangengqondo, babhubhisa lokho okufanele basindiswe. Le ndaba ayifanele ngoba nje abantu benza okufanayo nanamuhla. Inkinga yemvelo ihlobene eduze nenkinga yokuziphatha. Izenzo ezimbi zakwa-caravans zingumphumela ongaqondile wokukhononda kwezintende zezandla phambi kukaNkulunkulu: imbongi ibonisa okwenzekayo lapho kungenangqondo ukuziqhenya okungahambisani nokuhleleka kwezinto.

Izimpendulo zobuciko

Isakhiwo se-ballad sishintsha kakhulu, sithatha umxhwele umfundi njengendaba ejabulisayo. "Izintende zezandla ezintathu" ngokuvamile zihle kakhulu kunombono wenkondlo. Ake siqaphele lokho okushiwo umbhali okhetha ukugcizelela impikiswano ye-ballad. Izindebe eziphakeme zamasundu zivela ngaphambi kwethu emasimini amahle amnandi, umfudlana uzwakala, upholile futhi unomusa, futhi i-caravan ejabule igcwele izingubo ezihlukahlukene, amaphakethe, amatende, amehlo e-glitter. Umlobi wenza ngobuciko ukukhathazeka njengoba abahambi beya e-oasis, lapho bazokwamukelwa khona izihlahla ezintathu zesundu. Ukuhlaziywa kwesakhiwo senkulumo yalesi vesi kugcizelela lo mzwelo, izenzo kanye namabizo aphethe incazelo yenkampani. Isihlabathi "sasiyincinyiwe yinsika", phansi kwetende labe selixotshiwe, i-Arabhu "yafutheka" ihhashi, "eyasuka futhi yaqaqa njengengwe", iminyango yezingubo "eyayigcwele ingozi", futhi le nsizwa "yaphonsa futhi yamemeza" Ephasini umkhonto. Ukuthula nokuthula kwekhoneni eliyisipharadesi libhujiswa ngokungapheli.

Indaba yokubulala

Ukusebenzisa ukuhlenga, uLermontov uphendulela umdwebo wekamu labahambi ukuya endabeni ephawulekayo mayelana nemizwa nokufa okutholwa yinhliziyo. Izinsika kusukela ekuqaleni zivela phambi kwethu njengezilwane eziphilayo. Bathi, njengabantu, bakhonona, bayathula, bese bamukela abantu abathokozelayo, bese bexosha "amakhanda aphindwe kabili", futhi uma izikhonkwane zabo zihlaziya izinkomba zabo, ziwa phansi ngaphandle kokuphila. Umlobi ufanisa iziqu ezinemizimba eqoshiwe ehlushwa ukuhlushwa okuphuza, nasemagqabeni ezingubo ezaqothulwa futhi zaqothulwa izingane ezincane. Emva kwalokhu, sibona isithombe esingenasici nesimo esicacile sokufa nokubhujiswa.

Umbhalo wesandla wevesi

Isitatimende se-Alliteration nesimangalo se-acconation ngokucacile. Ukuphazamisa, imibuzo, ukubabaza, ukudideka nokuzindla, okudluliselwa yi-ellipses, ikuvumela ukuthi ubone futhi uzwe okwenzekayo, ngokomzwelo ukuzwa. Inqwaba yezinhlamvu ezihambisana ne- sonorous iyahambisana nokulandisa kokuphila okuhlangene kwezintende zezandla, futhi ukubonakala kwezwi lokuphikisana kwemisindo kuyabangela ukuhlasela kwesibindi esizofika. Le nkondlo ibhaliwe nge-amphibrachium enezintathu ezintathu, okusho ukuthi, ngokulingana, kufana nalokho okushiwo umbhali - "umlando wempumalanga" noma, ngaphandle kwalokho, umzekeliso.

Ekuphethweni

Lezi ezinye zemininingwane yokuhlaziywa kwalo msebenzi, iziphetho eziyinhloko kanye nesifinyeto esifushane. "Izihlahla ezintathu zezindebe" uLermontov, ngokungangabazeki, unikezele isihloko esikuthandayo nesizungu nokunganeliseki komphefumulo, ukulangazelela okuthile okubaluleke kakhulu okukuzungezile ekuphileni kwansuku zonke. Yingakho umuzwa ozwakalayo wokuthi umbhali awuvumelani nesinqumo sikaNkulunkulu sizalwa enhliziyweni yethu, nakuba eqonda ukujwayela kwayo kanye nobulungisa.