Izinqubo Basic engqondo: etafuleni

Omunye eyinkimbinkimbi kunazo, ahlukahlukene zako, kanye okungenani wafunda emzimbeni womuntu kukhona izinqubo engqondo. Ithebula kule iphepha ehlukanisa ngokucacile izenzakalo ezenzeka psyche yethu ngezigaba ezintathu eziyinhloko izakhiwo, uthi nezinqubo. Konke lokhu kuveza ngokoqobo, usukela the Dynamics, okungukuthi, wonke lomkhuba has kwaqala, eba futhi iphela ukusabela kulandela. izinqubo kwengqondo (thebula libonisa ngokucacile ke) is eduze kakhulu nomunye. umsebenzi kwengqondo ngokuqhubekayo ogeleza usuka inqubo eyodwa kuya kwenye lapho umuntu uphapheme.

isimo sengqondo

Izinqubo ezenzeka in the psyche womuntu, kungenziwa mthelela oseqadi, kuyacasula isimiso sezinzwa, futhi kukhiqizwa ngqo esimweni sangaphakathi umzimba, kuye ngokuthi isimo lapho kuba yilo mzuzu. Mental izinqubo ithebula ihlukaniswe ngezigaba ezintathu eziyinhloko: engqondweni yethu, ngokomzwelo futhi volitional. Lapha ngokuningiliziwe ihlukaniswa by izingxenye zawo: ukuqonda futhi ukuzwa, inkumbulo futhi ukumelwa, umcabango nokucabanga kukhona izinqubo lehlukene ekucabanga kwengcondvo netintfo okuhlangenwe nakho yekwentiwa - kuya ngokomzwelo. Volitional izinqubo sengqondo ithebula lembula indlela asibona ngayo ikhono izinqumo, ibulawa ngesihluku futhi amandla.

Cabanga ngokucophelela igrafu, elibonisa isimo psyche womuntu. Nokuzikhuthaza, okusho engqondweni yethu izinqubo sengqondo ithebula limelela kabanzi kunazo kuze izidingo actualization. Izizathu ecacile: bangakwazi ukuqinisekisa efanele umsebenzi womuntu, zisiza ukwakha ilwazi sokuqondisa ukuziphatha. Ukusakaza olulodwa ukwazi uhlangane izinqubo engqondweni yethu engokwengqondo ahlukahlukene, ithebula okumelelwe esihlokweni njengoba umuntu - Umzimba iyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu, futhi ingxenye engqondo isisekelo zonke ekuphileni. Lokho kunikeza kuveza ezanele engokoqobo ekulawuleni zonke izinhlobo zemisebenzi womuntu.

ezingeni umsebenzi

Iqiniso ukuthi abantu ingqondo izinqubo kukhona okungalingani, ngamandla ezahlukene nesivinini, bonisa etafuleni zokuqala Psychology jikelele. izinqubo kwengqondo athembele ngokuphelele isimo ngabanye kanye namathonya zangaphandle kuso. Uyini esimweni sengqondo? ukukhuluma Cishe, kuba nokuzinza eyisihlobo ezingeni lokuzivivinya engqondo, okuyinto kubonakala umsebenzi esincishisiwe noma lenyuke. Isimo umuntu ungathola ezihlukahlukene. Noma ubani angakwazi ukukhumbula, umsebenzi ngezinye izikhathi ngokomzimba nangokwengqondo kwakubonakala ukukhanya wayesekhothama kahle, futhi ngezinye izikhathi izinyathelo ezifanayo esidinga umzamo namanje ukufinyelela umphumela oyifunayo.

Kuye isimo izinguquko ngabanye kanye nezici izinqubo engqondo, etafuleni kukuveza obala loku. Ubunjalo izinqubo ezenzeka engqondweni, reflex, kuvela khona kanye ziyahlukahluka kuye ngamaphuzu bokuphila isimo, kuyaqhubeka, ngisho izenzo ngamazwi (nokudumisa futhi ukusola isimo umuntu ngokucacile ozuza izimfanelo elisha). Ukuqhathanisa Ishadi izinqubo sengqondo lolwazi umuntu kubeka izinto. Iqukethe kakhulu wafunda lezi zici ukushintsha. Ngokwesibonelo, izinga ukunakwa zingahluka kusuka ukugxila kokuthikamezeka, echaza jikelele isimo ngokwengqondo nangokomzwelo uhlale ngokucacile kakhulu ukushintsha ngemuva jikelele zonke izici - yokudabuka noma ukucasuka ukuze ngokwenama nomdlandla. Ikakhulukazi bacwaninga for the main okudala isimo ungubani - ugqozi.

izici zobuntu

Mental izakhiwo yomuntu - imfundo eqhubekayo, umsebenzi ephakeme ka nabalawuli ukuthi kutholakale izinga umbuso nangohlobo lwezinto izingxenye zalo, okuyinto okubonakale ukuziphatha nemisebenzi ejwayelekile womuntu noma abantu abathize. Ukuqhathanisa Ishadi izinqubo sengqondo engqondweni yethu, ngamunye kancane kancane kwakheka impahla psyche iphathelene umphumela umsebenzi esisebenzayo lokuzenzela. Izinhlobo zezinto lezi izakhiwo kunzima ngempela ukuze uhlukanise, ngisho uvumela nazo zonke izisekelo kakade babeqoqana izinqubo engqondo.

Nokho ezihlakaniphile, okungukuthi, engqondweni yethu, umsebenzi ngokomzwelo futhi volitional lomuntu ngokujule ngokwanele uphenyo futhi kusetshenzwe ngayo ekuxhumaneni eminingi eyinkimbinkimbi zamagama abo. Ngakho, sibonisa ezihlukahlukene engqondo izinqubo etafuleni. Izakhiwo, imisebenzi kanye indima kulezi zingxenye empilweni yomuntu ezocatshangelwa yithi njengengxenye le nto. Of imisebenzi engqondweni yethu, isibonelo, kuyafaneleka ingqondo uqaphela futhi nezimo, a nginenhliziyo kukhona ukuphikelela nokuzimisela namabhayisikili kuya ngokomzwelo - ebucayi, inkanuko. Izici nemisebenzi izinqubo sengqondo zihlukile, kodwa zonke zidlala indima ebalulekile ekuphileni kwethu kwansuku zonke.

zamagama

ubuntu psyche izakhiwo abekho ngekwehlukana nje, kodvwa usebenze zamagama ukwakha izinhlelo eziyinkimbinkimbi kwesakhiwo. Kukhona Ukwahlukaniswa kwamadamu zokubonisa izinqubo equlekile engqondo. Ithebula lezi uthi lapha ngenzansi.

Kukhona izinqubo ezilandelayo kuhlelwe nomunye:

• Izinkolelo: izidingo,, izinkolelo, izinhloso, umsebenzi ubuntu kanye selectivity.
• Ubumnene - zobuntu yemvelo: ibhalansi, ubungqabavu, ubungqabavu, nezinye izici zokuziphatha, konke ephawula ukuziphatha ashukumisayo.
• Onekhono: lonke uhlelo ohlakaniphile, izici zobuntu ngokomzwelo nginenhliziyo ukuthi kungacacisa ukuthi amathuba yokudala.
• Uhlamvu - isimiso ukuziphatha nezimo zengqondo ezingalungile.

Related izenzo Neuropsychiatric e esitebeleni sabo futhi isethi ezithile okubhekiswe umsebenzi ukuguqulwa wesifunda ukuze bathole yalokho ezithile. Lona izinqubo engqondo eziyizici ngamunye, emele Inani eliyisisekelo isifundo. Ngokwesibonelo, njengoba inkumbulo inqubo engqondo kudinga isitoreji ulwazi isidingo yayo - abazi futhi equlekile. Kuzoba okokufaka ku inqubo kuyimfuneko njengoba impahla, kanye okukhipha noma umphumela - ulwazi olusele kwimemori.

imihlola ngemilingo

Izinqubo ezivamile engqondo ziye engenhla, kodwa ake sigxile loluhlu ngokuningiliziwe. abalobi ezahlukene abangazazi ezahlukene. Yande futhi ibhalwe yibo bonke ukunakwa, imizwelo, inkumbulo, imizwa, imizwa, intando, umcabango, bezibona, inkulumo. Emkhakheni imihlola engqondo, bona kuyatholakala kunoma observation ngokushesha futhi abangazi lutho ngoNkulunkulu.

Ngokuthakazelisayo ngokuvamile musa ngisho ngumnikazi inqubo waphawula kanye nokusuka yayo kusukela evamile okungukuthi, izici. Kujwayele ukuthi kusiza abafundi ukuba baqonde ngezigaba njalo izici ithebula izinqubo engqondo. Izingane zabo bonke imikhakha wafunda kakhulu ngokucophelela, kodwa futhi izinqubo zabo engqondweni yethu kulula ngokwanele okumelwe ahlukaniswe ngokomzwelo noma volitional.

izici zobuntu

Abantu afakwa amakhono ehlukene ngokuphelele: eyodwa asakazeke, kanye nezinye uyayinaka, kahle ukhumbula umuntu, ngubani - nje umculo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukuziphatha iyiphi mkhuba engqondo libhekene degree of ukulinganisela: umuntu ngeke sijabulise ukumangala, kusimangaze umuntu, futhi othile ukuba umxhwele. Abantu futhi nomunye iphathwa ngokwehlukile: ezinye njengabanye, kodwa kubonakala sengathi abanye abantu ezinjengendle. Kukhona ophikelelayo, ngisho nenkani ekufezeni lo mgomo, kanye labo zisekhona ngabandayo - bona sihlale awanandaba futhi ucobekile.

Indlela yesayensi

Psychology basekhaya imihlola ngemilingo zihlukaniswe izinhlobo ezintathu: izakhiwo, uthi nezinqubo. Umahluko phakathi kwabo akuzona olukhulu kangaka, futhi zingezesikhashana. Izinqubo ngokuvamile sishesha, kodwa izakhiwo sizinze kakhulu futhi isikhathi eside. zokusebenza kwengqondo zanamuhla bakholelwa ukuthi ngokusebenzisa kwakheka interconnectedness izinqubo yengqondo, eqinisweni, psyche, okuyinto sehlukaniswe tincenye ukuthi kungaba ngempela kabi amandla akhe, kusukela kukhona isifundo sikaJesu sokuzibonakalisa elungile theory. Noma kunjalo, kabanzi ezikhonjwe futhi wafundelwa hhayi kuphela izenzakalo enkulu umsebenzi psyche, kodwa izinqubo ngokwengqondo eziyisisekelo, itafula okungaqhathaniswa nako lapho akukho sisebunyeni.

Kodwa njengoba Psychology waba isayensi, ososayensi izindlela cognition yayo, lapho postulate main yindlela Integrative ukuze psyche lomuntu nazo zonke ngeengaba ethebuleni - liyinani Propaedeutic nokufundisa. Ngokufanayo, kunezizathu izinqubo emphakathini. Njengoba in the psyche lomuntu oyedwa, anebudlelwano kakhulu emphakathini: izingane zifunde, abazali bevusa umsebenzi wabo, abadlali ukuqeqesha, imilutha baphuze, izigebengu amaphoyisa catch nokunye. Ngokwazi Nakuba kungase kungakholakali, lezi zinqubo parallel, manje noma ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, bonke ndawonye ngandlela-thile aphambana.

Ingabe nemizwelo

Man kukho konke ukuphila kwakhe udlala amakhono etholakalayo yayo, ulwazi, amakhono, ezama ukuhlanganisa uxhumano nomsebenzisi ezihlukahlukene izinhlobo zokuziphatha ukuze isimo esingokomzwelo ekhona. eyakhelwe Ngakho actualization izixhumanisi phakathi izinqubo ezihlukahlukene engqondo, inguquko kusuka esicashile ukuba injalo asebenzayo. Phakathi kwamazwe acacile kakhulu ngokomzwelo - nomthelela. Lokhu zeziyaluyalu, ngokushesha egeleza imizwelo anamandla amakhulu, okuyinto efana ukuqhuma, ngakho-ke kuba kwamandla ukwazi futhi ngokuvamile sokugembula.

Kodwa inqubo sokugxila ukunaka into yangempela noma enhle - lokhu ukunakwa. Kodwa akulona ngokomzwelo. Ikakhulukazi ikhono ukulawula samodeterminiruet imisebenzi siqu. Kuzokwenza. Zonke izinqubo sengqondo kungaba eyabelwe yona. Izici zako nemisebenzi - ukukhetha esiqondile imigomo nezisusa, amaza umthethonqubo ukuba izenzo ezithile, ngisho noma kukhona ukungabi nogqozi, inhlangano ye-izinqubo naleso bayakwazi angena uhlelo ngokwanele ukwenza imisebenzi, ukugqugquzela onekhono engqondweni nasemzimbeni, uma ufuna ukuba sinqobe izithiyo umgomo.

Ulwazi nokuhlakanipha

Amathuluzi yokuzihlola lokwenele futsi kwelivi zomhlaba ezungeze umuntu, kukhona ukumelwa nemicabango. Basuke nokuhlobene kakhulu izakhiwo ubuchopho-non-ethize ezingeni cortical futhi zikuvumela ukwakha izici abasafufusa othakazelisayo izinqubo engqondo. Lokhu isivinini kanye nobungako walabo noma nezinye izenzo kanye nokuqaliswa zabo. Isimo lapho ingqondo yomuntu, ingase ibe khona ehlukile, kungakho kokuhlukana eliphezulu Imiphumela yokusebenza.

It buhlobene eduze ecabanga njengoba eduze njengoba ukuzwa nokuqonda - omunye kulandela ukusuka kwenye. Lezi zinqubo engqondweni yethu esivela kunoma iyiphi umsebenzi psyche, ngoba yenza ekulenzeni libe namandla. Nge eziyisisekelo izinqubo engqondweni yethu abantu tsheleka ukuhlela imigomo efiselekayo, ukwenza izinhlelo, ukugcwalisa okuqukethwe imisebenzi ingafiki, ukubikezela imiphumela zokuzisebenzisa njengoba umsebenzi uqhubeka. Mental izinqubo lehlukene ekucabanga kwengcondvo netintfo izici zabo etafuleni uvezwa sihloko sibonisa indlela ehlakaniphile.

okutholakele

inqubo kwenqondo kuyinto elula ukuchaza ikhono lomuntu ukukhumbula, cabanga futhi landulele. Ngokuvamile ihlobenenamanye nomqondo lwati lolutfolakele. izinqubo yezengqondo engqondo zihlale zokudala futhi esebenzayo, kubonisa izwe hhayi kuphela njengoba siguqule. Kunezindlela ezimbili yolwazi - ethize kanye non-ethize. Eyokuqala isebenzisa izinqubo of inkanuko okunengqondo - lo muzwa, ukuqonda futhi ukucabanga, in the sakamuva wabelane umqondo, ukwahlulela kanye nezisekelo.

Universal, noma izinqubo ze-non-ethize yengqondo - kuwukuthi imemori, ngeke, umcabango, ukunakwa. Basebenta cross-cutting indlela, ukuhlinzeka zokuxhumana nhlobo phakathi isinyathelo inqubo yokufunda, futhi kuncike kuzo zonke izinqubo of uhlelo zokuziphatha, basesimweni zamagama. Ngoba umsebenzi engqondweni yethu isekelwa umsebenzi umgomo futhi ezingokoqobo umuntu othola hhayi kuphela umuntu, kodwa futhi okwakhe kanye ehlukile.