Izingxenye zobuchopho: lunye ngayinye

izingxenye zobuchopho yomuntu - akha "weqembu lebhola." Okuqakathekileko okomnikelo ngamunye imidlalo party, ngaphandle kwalokho ngeke bakwazi ukusebenzisana - futhi asikwazi yilokho esiyikho. Lokhu kwenzeka uma umuntu uthola ukulimala ebuchosheni. Yilokho ososayensi baye basungula nemisebenzi ezingxenyeni ezihlukahlukene ubuchopho - ababecabanga iziguli neurologists. Nakuba ingqondo isitho plastic kakhulu, izindawo ezilimele ungalulama umsebenzi wabo ngenxa kweminye iminyango.

Ngakho, ubuchopho bethu sehlukaniswe yini izingxenye? Yiziphi izingxenye eyinhloko ubuchopho? Izazi Western ziye zakhomba okwedayimane ubuchopho, isimiso semizwelo kanye neocortex. Ake sicabangele ngayinye yalezi iminyango.

rhombencephalon

Lena indawo eminingi yasendulo zobuchopho, namanje ngokuthi ubuchopho reptilian. Okungukuthi, kuvamile ukuba kwezinhlobo eziningi evolutionarily eziphambili. Uyena obangela imisebenzi eyisisekelo kunazo zomzimba womuntu. Obungemuva inalokhu oblongata medulla, Pons kanye cerebellum. Benzani emzimbeni? Lokhu okuxoxwe laphinda.

Medulla ehilelekile imisebenzi umzimba wakho othomathikhi, kukhona zokuphefumula izikhungo, ukugaya nekulawulwa Kufinyeta inhliziyo. Ngakho uma le ngxenye yobuchopho elimele, umuntu cishe kungenakwenzeka ukulondoloza.

Ibhuloho inquma lizinga ubungqabavu yethu futhi ukukhiqiza, futhi adlulisele okuvelayo sezinzwa ngaphezu ubuchopho. Ngombandela wokuthi ingxenye yobuchopho incike kwikhono lethu ukusebenza.

I cerebellum besilokhu kubhekwe umzimba omkhulu, elibhekene nomse- ukudidiyelwa ukunyakaza, kanye inkumbulo motor.

Isimiso sezinzwa

Le ngxenye yobuchopho okuthiwa i-ubuchopho ngokomzwelo noma ubuchopho mammalian lasendulo. Kuyinto ekhaya ukuze sijabulise izinzwa zethu, inkumbulo iqala lapha. Le ngxenye imemori ubuchopho kanye nemizwelo ehlangana, ezithinta ukuziphatha kwethu kwansuku zonke ekuthathweni kwezinqumo kwemizwelo. Lapha bazalwa ukubaluleka izahlulelo. Le ngxenye yobuchopho enquma ukuthi yini ebalulekile nento engabalulekile: kukhona abezindaba filtration. Izingxenye zalo ephambili yobuchopho obangela iletha futhi lokusungula.

I amygdala unesibopho ekuqongeleleni ulwazi ngokomzwelo. Kubaluleke ngokukhethekile iqhaza kumiswa ngokomzwelo yokwesaba. Inikeza umyalo ngizitshinge hormone okucindezeleka, kwenza ujuluke izandla nezinhliziyo zethu - ekuhlehleni ezingasho.

Hippocampus ohilelekile inkumbulo nokufunda kancane iyonke. Ilungiselela izifundo ulwazi ukudluliswa kumemori eside, kusisiza ukuba siqonde ubuhlobo lubandlululo kanye ukuhumusha amasignali engenayo kusukela izitho sezinzwa.

Hypothalamus - ubuchopho endocrine ukuthi zisondelene kakhulu indlala pituitary. It is waziphatha isigqi lomzimba (obangela isifiso ukulala sekwephuzile futhi imilindelo us ngakusasa), ukugcina indawo njalo umzimba, elawula isifiso ukudla, ekulondolozeni ukulinganisela uketshezi.

Thalamus - iphuzu ukuqoqa ulwazi kuzo zonke izakhiwo engaphansi, kuhlanganise isimo umzimba futhi emizweni ezihlukene.

neocortex

Lena kumiswa ephelele kakhulu ebuchosheni, evolutionarily entsha kakhulu. Ibizwa ngokuthi ingqondo okunengqondo ukubaluleka ngokwedlulele imisebenzi bokusungula indoda. Cortex cerebral (neocortex) ihlukaniswe yaba ama- ezimbili. Ilawula esesayidini emzimbeni. In ngamunye kubo secrete ezihlukahlukene imisebenzi.

Lobe Frontal - the "Shona" ezinkulu kunazozonke zobuchopho. It ayikuvumeli umuntu ukuba ngokuphamazela, kuvimbela isifiso, obhekene ukuhlaziywa nokuhlela, abantu ukwephulwa yayo futhi ushintshe ezifana ukuziphatha eziyinkimbinkimbi njengoba enamancoko. Ngaphandle umsebenzi ezivamile zale ingxenyenamba akunakwenzeka sokukhathalela nozwela.

Lobe parietal - isikhungo, okuvumela ukuba ukucubungula emizweni kusukela isikhumba kanye izitho zangaphakathi, kuhlanganise nobuhlungu. Iphinde kusiza ukubala ijubane izinto ezihilelekile ekunakeni ukuma kwendawo.

Lobe Temporal icubungula bezibona umsindo. Nansi indawo Wernicke sika, okuvumela ukuba sikubone.

Lobe occipital ithola futhi icubungula esizibonayo, kuhileleke oluthile yokucabanga ngekwendzawo.

I callosum Corpus lebhokisi ama- ezimbili ndawonye.

Njengoba ubona izingxenye zobuchopho kuhlobene eduze, futhi enze ezihlukahlukene nemisebenzi, kodwa kudingeka ukuze sikwazi ukuba bafeze imisebenzi evamile. Have yokufunda fun!