Izimpisi: Wolves izinhlobo, incazelo, uhlamvu, ukukhahlamezeka kwendawo

Abantu abaningi babe horror bangempela lezi ezilwaneni ezidla ezinye izilwane eziyingozi. Lokhu kungenxa yokungabikho izindaba ilandiswa abazingeli. Avame yachazwa njengetshe elincane nezimpisi smart, ngisho isilwane ngobuqili. Nokho, akubona bonke uyazi ukuthi impisi nemvelo kakhulu kuyaqabukela ukuhlasela abantu. Lezi izilwane ezidla ezinye ezinolaka uthanda ukuhlala kude abantu, babevamise ukuphila, incazelo eyisisekelo yegama okuyinto iba esizingelwayo.

Izimpisi: Wolves izinhlobo

Kufanele kuqashelwe ukuthi ubunjalo nezimpisi emhlabeni ingenye amancane. It siqukethe isamba ezinhlobo eziyisikhombisa:

• Canis lupus (Wolf);
• Canis aureus (izimpungushe vulgare);
• Canis latrans (coyote);
• Canis Rufus (obomvu impisi);
• Canis adustus (ezimthende izimpungushe);
• Canis mesomelas (black-wasekela impungushe);
• Canis simensis (Wolf Ethiopian).

Umndeni kukhona izimpungushe izimpisi, izimpungushe, impisi elinomhlwenga, raccoon inja.

ukukhahlamezeka kwendawo

Ososayensi abathi umsuka sempisi izilwane ezidla ezinye ezidla ukuthi wahlala eplanethini yethu izigidi eziyikhulu edlule, futhi iminyaka eyizigidi ezingu amabili edlule kusukela izimpisi izinja baka. Njengoba ehlukile zinhlobo Canis lupus kwakheka Eurasia kwesigidi edlule, futhi ekupheleni the Pleistocene, uye waba umhlaseli ezivamile.

Esikhathini sethu nezimpisi eqoshiwe eYurophu, eNyakatho Melika nase-Asia yokuhlala. Bona bahlala ezindaweni ezivulekile kanye lulwimi evulekile. Ngo umngcele enyakatho umhlaseli kuyinto ogwini-Arctic Ocean. Ngo ezwekazini laseNdiya (South Asia), izimpilo impisi lamadigri-16 enyakatho nenkabazwe. Phakathi nale minyaka emibili nengxenye eminyaka sancipha kakhulu isibalo salezi izilwane ezidla ezinye ezesabekayo. Ukuvikela ezifuywayo, indoda ubhubhisa kubo namabutho evela ezindaweni ezinabantu abaningi.

Ngisho nanamuhla eJapane, eBritish Isles, eNetherlands, France, Denmark, Belgium, eSwitzerland, e -Europe Central phansi ngokuphelele by nezimpisi. Izinhlobo nezimpisi eminyakeni eyishumi edlule e-Europe bayaqhubeka zinyamalale ngokushesha.

Wolf namanje wandile emathafeni futhi izindawo ezisezintabeni Kazakhstan, emathafeni ase futhi ihlathi nezimfunda. Izimpawu nezimpisi, okuyinto izinhlelo akhethekile amaningi, uthi endaweni sempisi kuyinto ngempela variable - it has subtypes eziningi, usayizi ezahlukene, umbala, indlela yokuphila endle.

Ososayensi, Izazi eziningana zenyathi kweshumi impisi. Lapho bebaningi abantu ngobukhulu bahlala emathafeni ase-, komncane kunabo - ezindaweni eseningizimu. IMisa omdala isilwane zingaba phakathi 18 kuya ku-80 kg, abo obuphelele umzimba ongafinyelela 160 cm, umsila obuphelele imayelana ayisithupha ngamasentimitha.

impisi umbala

It incike kule ndawo. impisi izici, ehlala e-Arctic, uthi kukhona ngokuvamile bangabantu emhlophe. Futhi kwezinye izindawo kukhona eminye imibala - omnyama nomhlophe impisi, ukwahlukahlukana grey nomhlophe, umbala isinamoni, ensundu, ngezinye izikhathi kukhona ngokuphelele black noboya.

Zaziziningi izilwane ezihlala eNyakatho neMelika, nezigaba umbala ezintathu. Eyokuqala - inhlanganisela grey, abamnyama nesinamoni nge ithinti ensundu. Okwesibili - black (ingxube brown amnyama ukuba black). Isigaba sesithathu - grey ne ensundu.

coat

elingenamikhono Excellent babe lezi zilwane zasendle. Wolf has noboya obukhulu (ubude ukuze amasentimitha eyisishiyagalombili). It has a undercoat obukhulu. Kumiswa olwelwesini is a eside, eziqinile, amathiphu abamnyama izinwele unogada, okuyinto dudula amanzi asenzi undercoat ezimanzi.

impisi namazinyo

Izimpisi izikhali ezinamandla. Izinhlobo nezimpisi, kungakhathaliseki endaweni yazo, 42 zinamazinyo kanzima futhi abukhali. Phambili kukhona 4 pyatisantimetrovym engonxantathu Amazinyo - ezimbili phansi futhi ezimbili phezulu. Predator ukuluma kalula ngokusebenzisa densest kwesikhumba we isisulu. A ezidla (izinyo lomhlathi) namazinyo nezimpisi omdala betel uyakwazi ngisho ethangeni ithambo amaphiva.

emkhawulweni

Izilwane ukuthi singabakaNkulunkulu inja, nezimpisi kuthiwa kuhlanganise digitigrade. Ngamanye amazwi, bahambe, osizweni ekhuluma ngeminwe yakhe. Kuphela uma umhlaseli uya, uthinta phansi nge ezinyathelweni zakhe. Forelimbs impisi inamandla kakhulu, sibonga umthwalo nombala basakaza kanye isilwane akusho kujule eqhweni esithambile.

Ngamunye isidladla phambi impisi has izinzwane emihlanu, kodwa likwazi ezine kuphela. Paws ube evuthiwe imvuthu angenalutho neminwe eqoqwe yasemanzini aminyene futhi okweqanda. Isiphetho sabo namandla futhi kancane abathuntubezwe ngokuthintana izinzipho phansi. Wolf uzisebenzisela lapho ukumba emhlabathini.

Izimpisi ukuhambisa ukugijima, ukweqa futhi agijima. Phakathi ekuhambeni kwabo ngesilinganiso mayelana eziyisithupha kanye amakhilomitha isigamu ngehora. Ukugijima Bagijima ngesivinini amakhilomitha kuze kube eyishumi nesithupha ngehora. Kwaphela isikhathi eside impisi ingaqalisa cishe non-stop. Kukhona amacala lapho lezi ezilwaneni ezidla ezinye izilwane eziyingozi ukuhamba ibanga amakhilomitha angamakhulu ngobusuku obubodwa.

Inzwa yokuhogela nokuzwa

Wolf Izici uthi ukuzingela akuyona ezindlebeni noma amehlo, okungukuthi ekhaleni kusiza impisi wokuqala ukuthola inyamazane. Babamba umoya iphunga ngisho isilwane esincane kakhulu, esemgwaqweni at ibanga amakhilomitha amabili. An umqondo acute yokuhogela kwenza umuntu angakwazi yini ukuphishekela umzila we yimpango yabo.

Nokho, ingabe siswele izilwane ezidla ezinye nezindlebe ebucayi. Ukuzwa umsindo, bathuthele izindlebe zabo futhi uqale ukunquma ngokunembile lapho umsindo ngokuvamile itholakala amakhilomitha ambalwa.

Wolf iphakethe

Umndeni kwezimpisi has, kwezinye izimo balingisa abantu nanhlanu, kodwa ngokuvamile kwenzeka, izilwane eziyisishiyagalombili. Zithuthelekela - iqembu umndeni eziphethwe kwezilwane bobudala obungefani. Ngokuvamile, yakhiwa abazali, imali (noma inzalo ngonyaka) kanye pereyarki (izilwane abangazange sebethole ukuthomba). Ngezinye izikhathi kuhlanganisa nezilwane omdala, hhayi iqhaza yokuzala.

Phakathi neminyaka edlule, ukudla abacebile iphakethe kungaba uhlanganiswe kufike ku-30 noma ngaphezulu nezimpisi. Nzalo bahlale umndeni izinyanga 10-14 bese ushiya. Ngakho kukhona impisi oyedwa. Uya useshela indawo mahhala, okuyinto ngokushesha kumaka, abathi amalungelo abo ke. Njengomthetho, isilwane ngokushesha uthola zomngane wayo womshado umhlambi entsha. Nakuba zikhona izimo lapho impisi oyedwa uhlala isikhathi eside ngaphandle iphakethe.

Wolf umndeni - indlela yokuzithiba elawula. Ezimweni lapho kwabantu bakhona ngempela ongaphakeme, usayizi waso encane, ukwehlukana inzalo omncani isheshe. Uma izimo zemvelo ngconywana, ukwanda ukwanda kwabantu, ngaleyo ndlela Nokho okwandisa ubukhulu bale iphakethe, ukuze umkhawulo othile. Njengomthetho, ekukhuleni kwayo kungenxa nestaynym impisi oyedwa, okuyinto enikwa isikhundla okhonzile.

Stacey uhola izilwane ezidla ezinye pair - impisi, owesilisa nentombi yakhe, ngenhlanhla, akhetha ukuphila kwabo konke. Ngakho, iphakethe kwezimpisi it has a core nge izinga eliphezulu yomphakathi, abangaphansi. Abaholi balezi iphakethe abe umlingisi enamandla kakhulu, lokuyintfo leyenta kutsi bakwati ukugcina ngokulandelana umndeni ukugwema izimpi futhi kuvelaphi ukulwa, ikakhulukazi phakathi kwezimpisi abasha.

Hunting ngesakhiwo umndeni

Umhlambi uyasinda sibonga ubukhulu emagcekeni alo ukuzingela, ngakho izilwane ezidla ezinye abavikele ngolaka. Umngcele ezindaweni ezinjalo zingaba phakathi amahlanu amawaka, anawakanye, linamakhulu mahlanu amakhilomitha square. Izimpisi iphawule indawo yabo, futhi akufanele inyumbazane ubani ongalokotha nokwephula kwemingcele yayo ayefisa ukufana nabo.

ngemvume ulimi

Ngokuvamile, izimpisi imizwa yazo ukuthinta nesimo sobuso. Wolf ulimi kuwenza ube nobunye konke komhlambi wezimvu nezimbuzi isinyathelo ke ihlelwe. Ngokwesibonelo, lapho i umsila isilwane imphakamisele phezulu, futhi ithiphu salo kancane lwalugobile, okusho ukuthi umhlaseli beqiniseka. Friendly kwemizwelo impisi ophethe umsila kwehlisa, kodwa ithiphu kancane wavuswa. Predator, umsila phakathi kwemilenze yakhe, noma asaba okuthile, noma kunjalo ibika ukuzwelwa.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, isikhundla umsila ungase usitshele mayelana nesimo isilwane iphakethe. Umholi njalo okusezingeni eliphezulu Uphakamisa ke, futhi udondolo lwakhe wagcina umsila eyehlisiwe. Ukutshikizisa umsila, nomzingeli esesabekayo ukumema izihlobo zabo ukudlala.

emcimbini yokwamukela

iphakethe umholi wabo, kunalokho sibonisa inhlonipho nokuzinikela emcimbini yokwamukela. Pursed ezindlebeni zakhe, kukhasa, nge izinwele Friend-eshelelayo, bona besondela ngokuqapha umholi nomngane wakhe, siwakhothe futhi ngobumnene iluma ubuso babo.

impisi ukudla

Ngesisekelo Ukudla kwezimpisi kukhona ungulates ezinkulu - esihle reindeer, izinyamazane saiga, amaphiva, izimbuzi nezimvu. Uma engekho onjalo impisi ukudla kuzingelwa namagundane, onogwaja, akuvamile odla offal. Ezindaweni lapho kukhona edla inyama empumalanga, izimpisi engatholakali noma atholakala izinto eziningi ezincane kakhulu. Zaziziningi izilwane ukuheha lokuhlala enkulu imfuyo. Enyakatho, ezindaweni ne ukuthuthukiswa wezimvu reindeer khona kwezimpisi - Kuyaziwa.

Ensimini ka Russia beyizimpisi ezivamile ngempela. Izinhlobo nezimpisi abahlala ezweni zethu eyaziwayo. Kukhona kuphela eziyisithupha:

• Srednerussky ugodo impisi;
• grey;
• Umbala;
• ihlathi laseSiberia;
• zaseCaucasia;
• -Mongolian.

grey wolf

Lokhu omele sempisi yisona esikhulunywa abantu abaningi emhlabeni. Incazelo kwezimpisi grey zingatholakala zonke lwemibhalo Izazi. Ivelele kunomzimba waso umxhwele. Ukuvela kwalesi nomzingeli akulona uthando olungenayo yezikhulu. Ngokusobala, ngakho waba iqhawe nje ababhali ababhala ngezilwane.

impisi Gray ingatholakala eYurophu, eMelika nase-Asia. Knocked phansi, umzimba oqinile nge ezibanzi esifubeni omkhulu, ubude, imilenze kwemisipha, kusishiya singangabazi nakancane ukuthi phambi kwakho nomzingeli yangempela. Lokhu impisi has a ebunzini ezinkulu, kodwa ngesikhathi esifanayo ikhanda nenhle ngezindlebe amancane ehlotshisiwe ngemivimbo amnyama, okuyinto zitholakala emhlabeni izihlathi izindawo awube mhlophe futhi elikhanyayo kakhulu phezu kwamehlo. Umsila akuyona eside, kuba pheze ngqo.

I noboya lide (kufika ku amasentimitha eyisishiyagalombili) kanye noboya obukhulu elingenamikhono double. Coat izilwane ezihlala ezindaweni ezimaphakathi naseningizimu, anolaka. Izimpisi kusukela ezisenyakatho abe noboya soft futhi Fluffy.

impisi Russian

Lena zenyathi okhethekile grey wolf, okuyinto uhlala enyakatho yeRussia. impisi Russian - omunye zenyathi ezinhlanu abahlala endaweni wezwe lakithi. Canis lupus communis (impisi Russian) - ngakho wesilwane esibizwa izazi zezinto eziphilayo Western. Umuntu wesilisa ovamile linesisindo 40 kuya ku-80 amakhilogremu, izinsikazi zezinhlobo kusuka 30 kuya 55 amakhilogramu.

impisi eSiberia

Lena akuyona okungenani isilwane esikhulu ukwedlula impisi Russian. Ososayensi abaningi bakholelwa ukuthi namuhla lolu hlobo okwamanje angawodwa evamile njengoba systematics izilwane ezidla ezinye baseSiberia okwamanje kuqediwe. Lezi zilwane abe nemibala embalwa. Kungenzeka kakhulu ukwenzeka grey ukukhanya. anemibala Ochre ebonakalayo ngokulambisa noma ngingekho ngokuphelele. Fur akuyona okusezingeni eliphezulu kakhulu, kodwa ngempela uqweqwe esithambile. Kuyinto ezivamile eliseMpumalanga Ekude, eKamchatka, (ngaphandle emathafeni ase), e-Eastern eSiberia futhi Transbaikalia.

Steppenwolf

Lesi silwane Kuthi lincane abameleli zenyathi ihlathi. It has a izinwele okwe kwaphela. On umbala emuva nge predominance imakwe izinwele ezimpunga futhi ibuthuntu, futhi ngokuvamile brown. Kulokhu, Emaceleni kukhona grey ukukhanya. Namuhla lena impisi zingatholakala ku iCaspian emaqeleni kanye Urals, Lower iVolga esifundeni. Lesitshalo ayiqondakali ezaziwayo. Kuye nokho uhlelo izici isici. Isibalo sazo izilwane uphansi, ikakhulu ezifundeni entshonalanga ye-ndawo.

impisi Caucasian

Lesi silwane kungokwalabo naphakathi eziyingozi. impisi Caucasian has okwe iDemo unogada izinwele, le undercoat kuyinto ampofu. Umbala lalesi silwane kuba mnyama kakhulu uma ziqhathaniswa kwezinhlobo echazwe ngaphambilini. Lokhu kungenxa ukusatshalaliswa umfaniswano black unogada izinwele esikhumbeni.

Ezweni lethu siphila izindawo Main eCaucasus Range, ezihlanganisa yasehlanzeni yayo ezinamahlathi.

impisi-Mongolian

Kodwa impisi luncane lokuphila ensimini ka-Russia. Isisindo isilwane omdala kuyaqabukela amakhilogremu angaphezu kwamashumi amane. Wakhe noboya zomile, ezingcolile-grey umbala, okwe ezinzima. Lolu hlobo kwasakazwa the empumalanga naseningizimu-ntshonalanga Trans-iBaikal, kanye Abasensimini Primorsky.

emathafeni impisi

isilwane esikhulu futhi emuhle. Isithombe sakhe ozibona ngezansi. Ubude umzimba kwabesilisa ngokuvamile idlula 150 cm. Carnivores abe noboya eside, soft futhi obukhulu. Umbala - imibala ukukhanya. Ezweni lethu, impisi ehlala ehlathini-emathafeni nezimfunda esishintshashintshayo wengxenye European zaseKamchatka naseSiberia.

Srednerussky (ugodo) impisi

nomzingeli Inamandla ehlala ehlathini asemaqeleni kanye asemaqeleni zone of Russia, ngokuvamile colonizes naseNtshonalanga eSiberia. Ezindaweni enyakatho imakwe ukufika kwalo ehlathini. Nakuba kucatshangwa ukuthi ngobukhulu eYurophu nase-Asia iyona impisi emathafeni, nomele lokhu zenyathi kuyinto ngokuvamile mkhulu lingakanani.

Adult isilwane umzimba angase abe obuphelele esingeqile 160 cm, futhi ekukhuleni kwayo ifinyelela imitha. Yiqiniso, lezi zici sici for abantu ngobukhulu. Ngokwesilinganiso, nomuntu wesilisa omdala ukala 45 kg, pereyarok (1 unyaka izinyanga 8) - 35 kg, futhi inzuzo (izinyanga 8) - 25 kg. Wolf ukuxegiselwa ngama-20%.

Predator has a zakudala, ompungana nge touch of umbala ocher. impisi Srednerussky uhlala emahlathini eRussia emaphakathi, ngokuvamile lingena entshonalanga yeSiberia. Ngo ezisenyakatho engena nezimfunda.

impisi polar

Lena isilwane enhle futhi enamandla uhlala e-Arctic. Polar Wolf ngokuphelele bazivumelanisa nesimo sezulu elibuhlungu. Kusukela emimoyeni ebandayo kudutshulwa, ke ivikelwe ijazi lasebusika futhi obukhulu.

Lo mbono kwezimpisi ezahlukene namehlo abukhali futhi umuzwa omuhle kakhulu iphunga ukusiza ekuzingeleni kwi izilwane ezimbalwa abahlala kulezi zindawo nokhahlo. inombolo ezinganele feed begazi futhi eyinkimbinkimbi ekukhiqizeni okuphakelayo kuholela yokuthi umhlaseli odla inyamazane ngokuphelele engashiyanga amathambo, akukho isikhumba isisulu salo.

Isilwane isilinganiso nesisindo 60 kuya ku-80 kg, ukuphakama 80 cm. Ngokumangalisayo, isilwane esimweni i-hunt akuphumelelanga uyakwazi ukuphila ngaphandle nokudla amasonto ambalwa. Nokho, ngalesosikhathi pisi ungadla kwelinye isikhathi kwabayishumi khilogremu inyama. Izimpisi abahlala ensimini ka-Russia, banolaka ezingaphezu kuka-North American. ukuhlaselwa eqoshiwe abantu.