Iziqiwu futhi National Parks: Indawo egicna imvelo Sayano-Shushenskaya

Zonke izinqolobane nemvelo futhi zokulondolozwa yaziwa ngokuthanda emakhoneni elimangalisayo isetshenzwe, nemvelo acwebile futhi umbukwane namathafa zemvelo. Esikhathini Sayano-Shushenskoye, efana umhosha, yokubuka ukwelenyoni ekhexisayo. Ehlanganisiwe ehlathini amawa ezingafinyeleleki nge emaweni esisuka kanye emikhawulweni Yenisei, phezu kwamanzi okuyinto lapha ndawo ungabona iziqhingi enobungane. Endaweni Sayan, Yenisei ozimele, kakhulu okusikhumbuza amawa Norwegian.

Indawo Sayano-Shushenskoye Reserve

Esikhathini Krasnoyarsk esifundeni, ogwini olusentshonalanga yoMfula i-Yenisei, maphakathi endaweni ezingafinyeleleki nge esingaweleki emikhulu enamadwala, ucambalele Sayano-Shushenskaya Biosphere Reserve. Waqhubeka wamboza indawo Sayansky Naked futhi izintaba eziphakeme, futhi ingxenye zokhahlamba, futhi kwakhiwa Khemchiksky Kantegirskim lamagquma.

Conservation endaweni encikene Shushenskaya, Yermakovsky lesiFunda Republic of zaseTuva. Kusukela edolobhaneni Shushenskoye kuso - amakhilomitha angu-300. Reserve ihlelwe azungeze ichibi ezenziwe umuntu - the Sayano-Shushenskoye kwesigubhu.

umsebenzi Its ukuqapha umthelela ukuhlolwa komhlaba ku zemvelo, ahlelembe umonakalo kusuka upwelling ku ichibi lokwenziwa, kulondolozwe eliyingqayizivele futhi ejwayelekile zemvelo Sekuyizinkulungwane zeminyaka ekuthuthukiseni eWestern Sayan.

Nobuhle yemvelo

Reserve Sayano-Shushenskaya - onqenqemeni cishe ezibalulwa kanjena ngokufanele izinhlelo zemvelo. Kuthinta ubuntombi wildness nemvelo engonakalisiwe. I landscape lapha wehlukile. Dark coniferous ehlathini kancane kancane indawo expanses gornostepnymi. ezindaweni ezinamahlathi hlala cishe 60% endaweni epaki. Le ndawo asele siyitshe placers, loaches futhi Clumps enamadwala.

Ukuma kwendawo yendlela ubuswa isici entabeni namathafa. On komkhathi omkhulu likhungethwe 390.000 esingamahektare, ucambalele grand entabeni chain of the Western Sayan. Kumiswa It is Hemchinskim, Sayan, Kantegirskim, Idzhirskim nezinye emikhulu sawela rocks amadala.

uhlelo Water, okuyinto has inqolobane we Sayano-Shushenskaya, kwakheka ezingezwakali emifuleni entabeni, glacial echibini moraine-uwenze idamu, endaweni amanzi Sayano-Shushenskoye kwesigubhu nokumbiwa iziphethu. Reservoir nge amatheku ezikhona emifula nesinabantu abaningi ngelulela ngasempumalanga endaweni evikelwe. Endaweni ye ydyk emfuleni Tyk-Khem, lapho elisuka, amanzi emhlabathini, Ukuqedwa futhi siphephule hhayi kakhulu amatshe kanzima, bakha enkulu Karst imifantu, imigodi yezintaba-mlilo nemihosha.

Flora

endaweni Sayano-Shushenskaya nokongiwa, kanye eziningi nemvelo reserves namapaki kazwelonke, itholakala eslphambanweni izifunda floristic. Flora zayo nobuntu uhlobo exubile. Enyakatho, wabusa izimila Altai-Sayan esifundeni, futhi eningizimu - Asia Ephakathi. Zihlukahlukene zone wajoyina phezu Sayan Ridge.

Ezigcina ezikhulayo izitshalo kusukela Red Book, izimila relict. Lapha komkhathi ngakho sendawo njengoba bluegrass futhi bluegrass Altai Krylov. izimo Ideal for ekukhuleni okulawulwa kwemithombo yamanzi Borodin futhi Anemone Yenisei futhi iBaikal. Reserve inhlabathi embozwe lumbago Bunge futhi Silene ususuthi.

Found ke amakhambi eyigugu kwezokwelapha. nesixhumo sezindluzele eSiberia futhi impande yegolide, ababengaphesheya sonqenqemeni lokuqothulwa phambi esiqiwini sidalwe Sayano-Shushenskaya, futhi manje akukho usongo. izimila Relict lumelwe lapha rhododendron Dahurian core ebucayi. Batholwe amakhona endaweni nokongiwa efanelekayo okhulayo elimnandi Woodruff fescue neMpumalanga Ekude.

nezilwane

Sayano-Shushenskaya Biosphere Reserve some emahlathini amnyama coniferous yohlobo ehlathini. Lapha linqobe kwemisedari, sonwele kanye fir. Umthwalo oyinhloko wenziwa sredoformiruyuschuyu pine ihlathi - abanikazi ocebile izinsiza ukudla kudingekile ekuphileni isilwane. Iningi kwezilwane, akukho yokuntuleka kokudla, ukudala izindawo eziningi ukwanda kwabantu ukuthi siphakeme ngokwanele.

Govuza the-Altai, Sayan nezilwane-Mongolian enikeziwe nengcebo izilwane zasendle kule ndawo kwemvelo. inqolobane abahlukile le Sayano-Shushenskaya kwaba abode 50 zezilwane ezincelisayo nezinhlobo 660 zama-zinambuzane. Isimo sakhe safinyelela 15 zezinhlanzi kanye 4 zilwane ezihuquzelayo. Nest lapha kanye nezinkukhu. Ziyakwazi ezingaphezu kuka-200 izinhlobo.

Ukuvikelwa kwezilwane

Reserve - uhlobo reserve, lapho uzama ukwandisa labantu ezincelisayo ezincane okuqondene zinhlobo ukuzingela ezibalulekile. Ubuningi izindawo Sable, mink futhi Wolverine Usemncane. Woodlands ugcwale izingwejeje futhi ama-lynx, capercaillie, futhi hazel.

I wokugodlwa iqoqo eliyingqayizivele izilwane ezingavamile futhi ezisengcupheni ukusinda, sabanjwa Red Encwadi ikhasi. Lapha Imihlambi ihlathi reindeer okuqondene Altai-Sayan imiphakathi, futhi i-ibex Asiatic. Ezintabeni, unyathela kancane ukweqa izilwane ezidla ezinye beshesha - iqhwa zezingwe.

izilwane ezinkulu Sayano-Shushenskoye Reserve eyethulwe izimpisi, amabhere futhi IRBIS. Kukhona kucatshangwa ukuthi iyikhaya kubantu abathile dhole. Kwezilwane eziyivulayo ayabulala atholakala inyamazane futhi Roe izinyamazane, must inyamazane futhi izimbuzi zasezintabeni, izinyamazane kanye nabanye. Likhona phezu ezimfundeni Apholo abavamile. Rich in ahlukahlukene izimila izinyosi ezithutha impova ababazi.

Izinyoni Biosphere Reserve

Esibhakabhakeni, elintantayo, ngifuna inyamazane, izinkozi eziningi futhi peregrine uheshe, saker Falcons futhi eagle nezinkwazi zindiza. Ipheya black nonogolantethe isidleke ku amaxhaphozi kanye emahlathini asezintabeni eziphakeme abayizithulu. Demoiselle sahlala ezomile asemaqeleni izingxenye. Through the yamathuna awobaba, imihosha, emadwaleni ezihosheni entabeni futhi phakathi emahlathini izikhova bakha izindlu zabo.

Black esinamakhanda Gull izidleke, ama-gull ezinkulu, ehlakazekile iziqhingi amatheku Sayano-Shushenskoye kwesigubhu. Emaxhaphozini atholakala ahlanzekile agcwele izinhlanzi namahansi encane. izinyoni ngomusa wenze izidleke zabo, Suites of tussocks moss futhi sedge noma eziqhingini ezomile ngasogwini.