Izidakamizwa Umkhuhlane ezibanzi-spectrum

Ukuze ulwe amagciwane imikhuhlane imithi esetshenziswa anti-Umkhuhlane izidakamizwa ukuthi ukucindezela umsebenzi obalulekile kanye ukusabalala kwamagciwane. Uma ukhetha ithuluzi, kumele makudle, nekusebenta okuyinto lufakazelwa ucwaningo lwesayensi.

Influenza virus: nalokho okuseza ingozi?

Munye walemisebenti main yesayensi yezokwelapha ukuthuthukiswa izidakamizwa ukuze ulwe umkhuhlane. Kuyinto esithathelwanayo ngokungabi bikho ukwelashwa okufanele futhi esijwayelekile kungenza kakhulu ukulimaza umzimba kanye imbangela yezinkinga. Ubungozi enkulu abantu nge izinhlelo ababuthakathaka mzimba. Engozini izingane nasebekhulile. Isikhathi lesi sifo ongase aphathwe yisifo meningitis, ukuvuvukala, noma edema yamaphaphu, ukucinana kwemigudu yokuphefumula, inyumoniya. Labo abaphethwe pathologies okungamahlalakhona, i iziteleka umkhuhlane virus endaweni umpofu, futhi isifo zaba zimbi, okungase kubangele ukufa.

Igciwane njalo mutating, amagciwane amasha, futhi umzimba womuntu owenziwe kahle kunzima ukubhekana okungaziwa "isitha." Bhubhane ( "Spanish umkhuhlane", I-Asia, e-Hong Kong, zinhlobo porcine) sibulala abantu abaningi, ngakho imithi umkhuhlane njalo ngcono, ukufeza isenzo ephumelela kunazo.

Umkhuhlane ejenti: mshini wezenzo

Ekwelapheni umkhuhlane kubalulekile ukususa izimpawu izimpawu isifo kuphela, kodwa futhi uqede yonke igciwane emzimbeni. Umkhuhlane amalungiselelo okuhloswe ngazo nokucindezela pathogen, isivikelo Ukungena yamaseli begodu i-ukusabalala kwaleso igciwane. Kunemithi ukuthi Site ekwelapheni imfuluwenza naleyo kuphela esetshenziselwa zokuvimbela.

Mshini wezenzo ukuhlukanisa izindlela:

• Ezicindezelayo inqubo uxhumano (zamagama) amaprotheni ekuseni;
• zivimbela DNA zamagama kanye RNA nucleic acid uhlobo;
• Ezicindezelayo "inhlangano" yama-protein nucleic acid (virion kumiswa);
• okwandisa ikhono amaseli ukuze igciwane ukumelana.

ngezigaba

Izidakamizwa ne kusebenta efakazelwe ukulwa namagciwane zihlukaniswe amaqembu amabili: blocker ka-M2-iziteshi (kuboniswe ukuze kwelashwe umkhuhlane A) kanye enzyme inhibitor igciwane imvilophi - neuraminidase (isenzo on Umkhuhlane uhlobo A no B). Kukhona iqembu interferon - womuntu and zokwenziwa.

Kuye uhlobo lwesifo ejenti elwa namagciwane zihlukaniswa kule mikhakha elandelayo:

1. Umkhuhlane izidakamizwa ( "Amantadine" "Arbidol" "Rimantadine," "Tamiflu").
2. izidakamizwa Antiherpethetical ( "Valacyclovir," "gerpevir").
3. Protivotsitomegalovirusnye izimali ( "Foscarnet", "Ganciclovir").
4. Izidakamizwa asetshenziswa immunodeficiency virus futhi geppatite C ( "Fosfonoformat", "i-AZT").
5. Elwa namagciwane (Umkhuhlane) ezibanzi-spectrum izidakamizwa ( "Interferon," "Amiksin").

Interferons - izidakamizwa nge spectrum ebanzi isenzo

Interferon kuyinto amaprotheni (amaprotheni) yohlobo cytokine, okuyinto kuveza izivikeli mzimba nabo izilokazane ezincane "izihambi". Kunezinhlobo ezintathu ezaziwayo interferon-alpha (α), i-beta (β) futhi-gamma (γ). Ngamunye wabo anezakhi ezithile futhi sithinta isifo esithile. Umkhuhlane ezibanzi-spectrum izidakamizwa ukulwa ngempumelelo izifo ezibangelwa amagciwane kodwa futhi webhaktheriya hhayi kuphela. Umi ukuthi interferon womuntu and zokwenziwa bakuhlukanise okuvikela ukuze ukusabalala kwezifo futhi wenze amasosha omzimba (ikakhulukazi macrophage) isebenze.

Interferon ukwakhiwa kungaba ngezindlela ezihlukahlukene: umjovo (emthanjeni futhi esicutshini) yokugcoba ukusetshenziswa yangaphandle, lehla, amaphilisi, suppositories. interferon Yemvelo kungabangela imiphumela emibi ngenxa othile amaprotheni okusendaweni Ukwakheka, ngakho kakhulu izidakamizwa zokwenziwa anti-Umkhuhlane we isizukulwane esisha. Khetha ithuluzi elifanele, ungasebenzisa udokotela.

Yiziphi ejenti elwa namagciwane kulungele izingane?

umzimba wengane usengozini yokuthola ukutheleleka igciwane ngoba, ngokungafani nabantu abadala, isimiso somzimba sokuzivikela ezifweni ayikahlanganiswa ngokwanele wavuthwa ukunikeza wenqaba esifanelekayo Amagciwane. Lesi sifo ngokushesha kuyalinqoba ndoda omncane, futhi sikwazi ukunikeza yezinkinga kwezitho elingenhla ipheshana zokuphefumula. kukhona elwa ne-Umkhuhlane izingane obani abavunyelwe ukusebenzisa ngesikhathi sokuzalwa phakathi imithi yesimanje. Lokhu kungaba homeopathic ( "Viburkol") kanye izindlela kusukela iqembu interferon. Phakathi inhlonipho ekhethekile zakamuva kubazali babo ukujabulela ikhandlela: "Viferon", "Anaferon", "Kipferon". Lokhu anti-Umkhuhlane izidakamizwa, okuyinto Izibuyekezo akhayo ngaphezulu.

Umkhuhlane ejenti zokwenziwa imvelaphi - "Tamiflu", "Arbidol", "rimantadine" - kuphumelela kuphela uma anika emahoreni lokuqala ukubonakaliswa isifo. Ngisho noma umuthi ukunikeza isikhathi, kusenzima impumuzo kungenzeki. Lokhu kungenxa ikhono we ketshezi esebenzayo: Umkhuhlane A akunakwenzeka ukuba aphathe indlela uthayiphe B. Kuyadingeka uyeke ukuthenga imithi ekhemisi lapho ungazange lidlule zokwelapha, "Panavir", "TSikloferon" nabanye.

Ngakho-ke, ngaphambi kokufika wezingane yezingane kungcono ukunikeza ingane ukuba phuza, ekupholiseni izimpawu kanye antivirals (anti-Umkhuhlane, antiherpethetical). Kufanele kube indlela ukusebenza kungase kutholakale, kanye nesidingo ukubanika ngokuqinile ulandele iziyalezo ezikuyo kuphela.

Umkhuhlane izidakamizwa kanye nokukhulelwa

Phakathi nenkathi yokukhulelwa omzimba abesifazane sesibuthakathaka futhi kalula "pass" Amagciwane. izidakamizwa Iningi banqatshelwe ngokungenisa senyanga yokuqala, ukuze ukulimaza ingane ekhulayo esibelethweni, kodwa futhi athwala ingozi umkhuhlane igciwane enganeni futhi umama okhulelwe. Kuvunyelwe anti-Umkhuhlane izidakamizwa kwabesifazane abakhulelwe kanye phakathi ibele, "Viferon", "Tamiflu", "Oscillococcinum". Ngaphambi ukwelashwa, kubaluleke kakhulu ukuba ahlole udokotela wezifo zabesifazane, okhulelwe owazi izici isidumbu sikankosikazi esizayo.

Indlela engcono kakhulu ukuvikela igciwane lohlobo kuyinto zokuvimbela. Ngakho-ke, umama okhulelwe kufanele sinakekele impilo yabo futhi sithuthukise amasosha omzimba. Phakathi isibhadalala kubhubhane kudingeka ukhawule ukuvakashela izindawo zomphakathi kanye kungabi nabo zomuntu onesifo. Ukuze kuncishiswe ingozi kakhulu lesi sifo, ungasebenzisa amathuluzi ngesisekelo interferon, okuzokwenza ukhethe udokotela ekwelapheni.

Ukudala ohlotsheni olusha lwemithi

Ososayensi njalo befuna yokugoma esindisa impilo entsha nezidakamizwa ezingaba ukulwa soguquko lwegciwane singalawuleka umkhuhlane virus. Ngeshwa, akuyona yonke imithi elwa-Umkhuhlane we isizukulwane esisha, okuyinto waqhubeka ukudayiswa, isikhathi ukudabula cwaningo mayelana nokusebenza kahle. Kunengozi eliphezulu imiphumela enobuthi emzimbeni amaseli bese engemihle.

Amalungiselelo ekwelapheni umkhuhlane ne kusebenta emtholampilo neshaya lingasetshenziswa ngaphandle kokwesaba. okutholakele Positive ezikhwameni "Ingavirin", "Derinat", "Tamiflu", "Amiksin", "Kagocel", "Relenza".

Indlela ukukhetha indlela protivogrippoznoe?

Popular izindlela esakazwa akubona bonke usizo ukuqeda lesi sifo ngemva kwezinsuku ezimbalwa. I kuqala kuncike isimo amasosha omzimba womuntu, futhi uma kukhona isikhala Ukuwohloka, umphumela omuhle yokwelapha izidakamizwa kuzodingeka silinde isikhathi eside. Kubalulekile futhi ukuthi waqala ngokushesha ukuthatha anti-Umkhuhlane izidakamizwa. Uhlu izidakamizwa Kunconywa sikhulu ngokwanele, kodwa eziphumelelayo yilezo isinyathelo kuphela amaseli elinegciwane futhi akabubangeli izilonda toxicological wonke umzimba.

Ikhemisi emashalofini zigcwele zezidakamizwa namagciwane, kodwa ukukhetha kufanele wasondela uyaqaphela ukuthi, ngemuva kokubonisana udokotela ukuba khona. Ngokuzimela ukunquma ofanele upende ekwakhiweni kanye nokwelashwa lwemithi nzima. Namanje kubalulekile ukuthatha ku Izimo akhawunti kanye imiphumela engemihle, okuyizinto iqembu neuraminidase inhibitors.

"Viferon": isifinyezo

"Viferon 'kubhekisela esenzakalweni esiyisimangaliso interferon zokwenziwa (α-2b) futhi laqanjwa amavithamini C, E. Kulesi sakhiwo spectrum ezibanzi yesenzo, ewusizo ekwelapheni, imfuluwenza, futhi ahlukahlukene pathologies izifo zabesifazane izifo. Kaningi, "Viferon" okunqunyiwe njengoba zokuvimbela nokuvikeleka eqinisa. Ikhiqizwa uhlobo amafutha, ijeli kanye suppositories.

Kuye yobudala udokotela ukukhethela lokuhlushwa ofiselekayo zomuthi. Idlule umthamo Kunconywa kungavunyelwe! Kusho ngokuphelele ephephile abesifazane abakhulelwe nabancelisayo. Ngo ezingane Umkhuhlane imithi izingane ngaphandle kunezinkomba zokuthi ethize. Amakhandlela nobungako okungenani isithako esisebenzayo (150,000 IU) iye yasetshenziswa ngempumelelo ukwelapha izingane thoracic. Ukuze izingane ezindadlana nentsha "Viferon" bangakwazi ukugxilisa ingqondo kungaba ephakeme.

Umuthi lwavivinywa futhi has cishe akukho engemihle. Ezimweni ezingavamile, ukusabela iguliswa okungahambisani okwenza sidinge ukwelashwa.

"Ingavirin"

Isizukulwane esisha kwemishanguzo elwa Umkhuhlane agcwaliswa kanye nokuthuthukiswa ososayensi ngokuthi "Ingavirin". isenzo elwa namagciwane futhi eqeda ukuvuvukala kudlulela Umkhuhlane amagciwane uthayiphe A, B, izifo zokuphefumula, parainfluenza. Omunye capsule nomuthi iqukethe 90 mg esebenzayo isithako vitaglutama. Umthelela immunostimulatory ikhuthaza ukukhiqizwa kwe interferon.

Ucwaningo luye lwabonisa ubuthi ongaphakeme zomuthi kanye omuhle Umkhuhlane yokwelapha kakade ngosuku ngemuva kokuqala "Ingavirin". Imiphumela engemihle ngesimo i ukuqubuka iguliswa iphutha njalo. Naphezu Imiphumela ezinhle ucwaningo, ithuluzi kungenzeka ingasetshenziswa ngabesifazane isimo, lactation futhi izingane ezingaphansi kweminyaka engu-18.

"Amiksin"

inducer zokwenziwa of interferon izinhlobo imithi ngefomu ithebhulethi "Amiksin" ( "tilorona") ukuba sidlule siye sabonisa kuphela okuhle kulesi simo. izakhiwo elwa namagciwane zisebenze, imfuluwenza, i-hepatitis (B, C, A), cytomegalovirus futhi herpes ukutheleleka.

Interferon inducer Kunconywa ukuthatha njengoba prophylactic ngesikhathi kubhubhane. Inkambo yokwelashwa kanye umthamo kunqunywa udokotela ukuba khona. Izimo: izingxenye isici esiyingqayizivele, oneminyaka engaphansi kwengu-7, bekhulelwe nangenkathi bencelisa.

"Lipoferon"

Ekuveleni ekhemisi emashalofini amasha elwa ne-Umkhuhlane ngokuvamile kahle ikubekezelele kokubili ngabantwana nangabantu abadala ngezizukulwane. "Lipoferon" siyindlela liposomirovannym esekelwe iqembu isakhi sokuzakhela interferon α (alpha), okuyinto akhiwa amavithamini antioxidant E futhi C. Buhle interferon limbozwe liposomes, iyona kulondolozwe umsebenzi begazi ngesikhathi ngokuthinta igazi. Were ucwaningo izidakamizwa yimpumelelo futhi yezokwelapha nihlola kusebenta futhi ungekho amathuba okuba nemiphumela engemihle.

Njengezilwane eziningi elwa ne-umkhuhlane, "Lipoferon" ikhiqizwa ifomu powder ne lokuhlala ezahlukene interferon. Ngo Pediatrics avumele ukusetshenziswa kwezimali, uma ingane iminyaka engu-3 ubudala. Phakathi nenkathi yokukhulelwa, lactation kanye kokungabekezelelani iguliswa ayingxenye izingxenye ukwenza kube akuvumelekile.

Ingabe kumele ngizinike anti-Umkhuhlane ejenti?

Imibono ka-odokotela zihlukaniswe ngesidingo yokunika iziguli namagciwane (Umkhuhlane) izidakamizwa. Kukhona ukungabaza ngokuthi impumelelo yabo kubantu abaye babhekana lezi zimali ngokwabo. Immunologists, nodokotela bezingane, abelaphi ukuncoma hhayi ukuzithiba medicate futhi ngidle izidakamizwa ebekwe Umkhuhlane udokotela kuphela. Uhlu okwethulwa ukudayiswa khulula izidakamizwa yalolu hlobo mkhulu ngempela, kodwa okuthandayo kakhulu namanje inikezwe interferon inducers ne okungenani imiphumela emibi kanye contraindications.

Ukuze ukwelashwa izidakamizwa esebenza kahle kakhulu zokuvimbela kudingeka ahole indlela yokuphila enempilo futhi ungakhohlwa mayelana izizukulwane zokupheka bokuthi imithi yendabuko ukuthi ukuqinisa amasosha omzimba ezinganeni nakubantu abadala.