Iyini i-IP (degree of protection). Incazelo yezimpawu.

Lapho uthenga umkhiqizo, abantu kuqala babheka izici zayo zobuchwepheshe. Iningi lizicabangela njengabachwepheshe endaweni eyodwa noma enye, kodwa bambalwa abantu abaqonda izici eziyinhloko zamadivayisi. Isibonelo, umthwebuli wezithombe ezingabonisi angakwazi ukuqonda ikhwalithi yelensi, ukuxazulula nokusebenza kwekhamera, kodwa angaqondi ukuthi kusho ukuthini ikhodi ye-IP67 kumadokhumenti ezobuchwepheshe.

Incazelo

Iyini i-IP (degree of protection)? Ukuchazwa kwalo mqondo akuyona indlela ehlobene nezinhlelo zekhompiyutha nobuchwepheshe benethiwekhi. Kungenxa yegobolondo elingokomzimba kwanoma iyiphi idivayisi yobuchwepheshe ngisho nokukwazi ukuvimbela ukungena kwezinto zangaphandle kuhlaka. Izinga lokuvikelwa kwe-IP yisimiso sokuhlukanisa esinqumayo, ngokusho kwamazinga omhlaba, ukuthi indlela ephephile noma enye indlela iphephile.

Ku- IP (i-degree yokuvikelwa), ukuchithwa kwe-decoding kunamaphuzu amathathu. Ngokujwayelekile ngezici zobuciko izibalo ezimbili ziboniswa, kanye nenye incwadi uma kunesidingo. Ake sibuke igama le-IPXX ngemininingwane.

Isibalo sokuqala

Yini engasho ukuthi ukubhaliswa kwezici zobuchwepheshe - IP6X. Lisho ukuthini igama elithi "eziyisithupha" elidumile? Ku-IP (degree of protection), ukucacisa isibonakaliso sokuqala kusho ikhono legobolondo ukuvimbela ukungena kwezinto eziqinile.

• 0 - ukungabi khona kwanoma yikuphi ukuvikelwa. Isibonelo, izintambo ezingenalutho.
• 1 - izinto ezinkulu kunezingamamitha angu-5. Ukuntuleka kokuvikelwa kokungenelela kolwazi.
• 2 - izinto ezine-1.25 amentimitha (iminwe, amapensela).
• 3 - ngaphezu kwamamitha angu-2.5 (izintambo ezinzima, amathuluzi).
• 4 - ngaphezu kwe-1mmitha (ucingo).
• 5 - idivayisi ivikelwe ekuthintaneni nezinto zangaphandle, noma kunjalo, inani elincane lothuli lingangena kudivayisi.
• 6 - qedela ukuhlukaniswa okuvela ekungeneni.

Njengoba ubona, akukho okuyinkimbinkimbi. Yini enye ukuvikela kwe-IP ukuphendula? Ukumisa (GOST 14254-96) kwexabiso elilandelayo akuyona nzima kakhulu. Into esemqoka, khumbula isimiso esiyisisekelo se-indicator of protection - ephakeme isibalo, ngcono idivayisi ivikeleke emathonyeni angaphandle.

Isibalo sesibili

Inani elilandelayo le-IP indicator libhekele ukumelana kwalo "nezinqubo zamanzi". Lena ipharamitha ebaluleke kakhulu kulawo madivayisi namadivayisi okumele afakwe emgwaqweni.

• 0 - akukho ukuvikelwa kokungena kuketshezi.
• 1 - ukuvikelwa emaconsi aphansi.
• 2 - efana nenguqulo yangaphambilini, kuphela idivaysi engasetshenziswa amazinga angu-15.
• 3 - idivayisi ivikelwe emvula elula (amanzi ahla e-angle angama-degree angama-60).
• 4 - ukuvikelwa okugcwele emvula. Idivayisi ingafakwa nganoma yiluphi uhlangothi ku-spray.
• I-jets 5 yamanzi ayikwazi ukulimaza kakhulu idivayisi.
• Amaza angu-6. Ungadlulisela idivayisi ngaphandle kwebhakede, kodwa uketshezi olufakwe ngaphakathi ngaphakathi alukwazi ukulimaza idivayisi.
• 7 - ukucwiliswa kwesikhashana. Idivayisi ikwazi ukumelana nokucindezela kwamanzi ngokujula kuya kumitha eyodwa. Noma kunjalo, ukusebenza okuphakade ngaphansi kwamanzi akuqinisekisiwe.
• 8 - idivayisi ingasebenzisa ngaphansi kwamanzi ngokujula kwamamitha angama-1 okungenani amaminithi angu-30.

Manje uyazi ukuthi i-IP iyini (izinga lokuvikelwa). Ukuze siqonde kangcono lokho okusemqoka, ake sinike isibonelo sokhonkolo. I-iPhone eyamemezelwa kamuva inezinga lokuvikelwa i-IP67. Lokhu kusho ukuthi ngisho noma uyiphonsa ekugeza, kodwa ngokushesha uyithole, idivayisi izoqhubeka ukusebenza kahle. Ngaphezu kwalokho, abasebenzisi bamagajethi amasha abakwazi ukukhathazeka ngokuhlanza amatshitshi abo othulini, njengoba kwenzeka kaningi kwamanye amafoni.

Izinhlamvu ezingeziwe

Ngaphezu kwezinombolo, ngezinye izikhathi kukhona amamaki engeziwe, abonisa izimo ezikhethekile zokuvikela idivayisi. Zingahlukaniswa ngamaqembu amabili. Okokuqala yisigaba lapho ungafaka khona amadivaysi anezinga lokuvikelwa ngaphezu kwalowo owamemezele, kanye ngaphandle kokucacisa idijithi yokuqala.

• A - idivayisi ivikelwe ekufinyeleleni ngemuva kwesandla.
• В - ukuvikelwa eminwe.
• C - kufana nokulinganisa 3.
• D - ukuvikelwa okugcwele emzamweni wokumba "ngecingo.

I-block yesibili yezinhlamvu ine-directional ehlukahlukene, yokwandisa amanani we-IP (izinga lokuvikelwa). Ukumenyezelwa kwezinhlamvu kuzoba kanje:

• H kusho ukuthi ubhekene nemishini ephakeme yamandla.
• M - le divayisi yayifakiwe ekuhlolweni kokuvikelwa emanzini.
• S - lo msebenzi awuzange usebenze uma uhlolwe ngamanzi.
• W - ukuhlola ukusebenza kwenziwa ngaphansi kwezimo zezulu ezahlukene.

Ngakho-ke, ukucacisa izinga lokuvikelwa kwedivaysi okwanele ukumane uqhathanise nezibalo nedatha yamatafula. Futhi kubalulekile ukukhumbula ukuthi ezimweni eziningi enye yezinkomba ibhekana nomunye. Isibonelo, uma ubambe insimbi nge-IPX7 esandleni sakho, ukuvikelwa okuphelele emanzini nakho kuqinisekisa ukungapheleli kwesakhiwo sebhokisi lesothuli.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, kunesidingo sokuvikela isiJalimane esingu-IP69K, esasungulwa ngokukhethekile ukuhlanza izinga lokushisa eliphezulu ngokucindezela okukhulu. Mane nje, ukugeza izimoto. Kodwa-ke, njengamanje kusetshenziselwa amagatsha ahlukahlukene embonini enzima futhi elula.