Ithempeli - ithempeli? Umlando nezindawo zangaphambi kobuKristu samanje yokukhulekela

Imithombo, okungase bayokwahlulelwa kanjani Kwenziwa zobuqaba imikhuba yenkolo endaweni Russia ngaphambi ukwamukelwa of Christianity, ngasinda okungaka. Ikakhulukazi, ososayensi bazi okuncane ukukhishwa izindawo yobuqaba yasendulo yokukhulekela. Heterogeneity izinkolelo Lasendulo, ukuxuba izakhi isiko ezihlukahlukene ezazikhona ngesikhathi endaweni inikezwe ngezikhathi ezahlukahlukene, kwenze cwaningo nzima kakhulu. Muva nje, Nokho, ngenxa yentshisekelo okwandisa emlandweni zangaphambi kobuKristu ezweni lethu, ososayensi bakwazi ukuthola impela eningi ulwazi olusha mayelana nale ndaba.

Ithempeli ngaphandle

Ukuze uqale, ake abhekane nalawo njengoba ithempeli lamaqaba? Lena enye yezinhlobo ezingu izinhlobonhlobo indawo zangaphambi kobuKristu yokukhulekela, injongo eyinhloko okuyinto wayengumuntu ukuxhumana okuqondile ne onkulunkulu ophakeme. Empeleni, ukwakhiwa kwethempeli kunzima ukubiza, ngoba emelelwa endaweni okusaqanda noma isiyingi endaweni evulekile, ngokuvamile eklanywe umsele. In the isikhungo has uAshera isithixo unkulunkulu likabani udumo kwaba ukuhlela ukufunda ngazo.

Isikhathi esining impela lolu hlobo ithempeli bamaqaba kwakungqubuzana elise kude nemizana kanye nasezindaweni zasemakhaya. Abacwaningi ngokuvamile ukuthola lezi amasayithi yisakhiwo sodumo phezu eziqongweni zezintaba, phakathi emahlathini, emaxhaphozini, nokunye. D. ububanzi we umbuthano kungaba amashumi amaningana of amamitha. Emigodini ashisiwe ngokuzenza imihlatshelo emililweni, futhi imiphetho zabo zafakwa ku zonke izinto ezingcwele (amatshe, izigxobo). Lapho ukwakha ithempeli kuphela abazinikezele ukuba onkulunkulu abaningana, angase afakwe umbuthano kwezithombe zabo. Ezinye izinto zalolu hlobo abashiwo ososayensi izindunduma amancane, njengoba ayezungezwe izindunduma ongaphakeme.

Ithempeli ethempelini

Rituals Slavic kwenziwe futhi lezi amathempeli (igama elithi "izindlu"). Endabeni ngayinye ukwakhiwa okunjalo ethempelini. Lesi sihloko kwaba ithempeli, esemgwaqweni ngemuva kwe-altare. Kukhona izithombe ngokuvamile efakwe. Kwezinye izimo, uhlelo lwayo olubizwa ngokuthi ithempeli abezizwe nethempeli ngokwalo. Ngokuvamile, lezi zakhiwo esiyindilinga ukuma. Noma kunjalo, abavubukuli baye bathola futhi izakhiwo sikwele.

Ingabe Ngubufakazi Bemivubukulo uthola endaweni ERussia yasendulo

Njengoba kushiwo, ubufakazi obuphathekayo esinabo futhi imithombo ebhalwe ngako wabheka kanjani izindawo Slavic yokukhulekela anikezelwe noma onkulunkulu wahlala elincane kakhulu. I izikhumbuzo zomlando edume kunazo kukhona Kiev futhi Perynskoe Slavic amathempeli. Lesi sakamuva yayizimisele le Slavic unkulunkulu impi Perun. Wadala ke ngemiyalo yezikhulu Prince uVladimir e izinguquko angabeZizwe 980 Abavubukuli baye ingxenye ephethwe ukubuyisela ukubukeka yayo yasekuqaleni. Into khona pad cishe ngokuphelele isiyingi nge ububanzi 21 imitha. Yena esasikuyo manje nayo yayibiyelwe nomsele imitha ukujula.

Mayelana izakhiwo ezifana zethempeli lasendulo e Kiev, kukhona cishe akukho okutholwe ngemivubukulo ayenziwanga. Lokhu akusona isimanga. Phela, endaweni lapho itholakala, amakhulu amaningi eminyaka wawumatasa esetshenziswa. Futhi akunakwenzeka enhlokodolobha yase isimo lobuKristu lalizoba ukugcina izinto eziningi kakhulu ezihlobene sehlelo ubudala.

onkulunkulu Slavic

Ngakho, lapho sathola khona ukuthi ithempeli - kuba, eqinisweni, ithempeli lamaqaba, etholakala endaweni evulekile noma ezimele izakhiwo zenkolo. Ngokuqondene into ekhonzwayo walabo ababa khona lezi zindawo engcwele ezikhathini zasendulo - onkulunkulu Slavic, ukukwazisa mayelana kancane okwengeziwe. Phakathi kabusha okwenziwa Prince uVladimir, onkulunkulu abayinhloko kuhlanganisiwe Dazhdbog, Horse, Stribog, futhi Makosh Semargl ephethwe Perun. Izithombe zabo ayemi eduze izindlu kwesikhulu egqumeni Kiev. Eastern lwamaSlav ikakhulukazi wayelihlonipha futhi omunye unkulunkulu - Veles. Ngo "Tale of esidlule Iminyaka" ngaphezu kwalezi futhi abanye onkulunkulu okukhulunywa - Lada, Kupala, Kolyada, Pozvizd.

Thixo Slavic

Thixo Slavic emelelwa laba balobi abakuloba (somuntu) izingcezu lokhuni mayelana 2-2.5 m ukuphakama. Ngaphansi kwesithombe senqaba iposi enjalo kungaba round noma quadrangular. Esandleni sayo sokunene unkulunkulu lalingaba inkemba, indandatho noma uphondo. Ngezinye izikhathi izandla zakhe zihlangane esifubeni unkulunkulu. Kulesi ngokuvamile itholakala khona ngenhla kwesokunxele. Ezinye zemihla yisho ukuba khona kwezithixo ezenziwe ezinye izinto - zethusi, imifekethiso, igolide noma isiliva. Batholwe abavubukuli kanye eziqoshiwe itshe yokukhulekela.

engcwele yemvelo

Uhlelo imikhuba yobuqaba ngokuyinhloko usekelwe emisebenzini yasemahhovisi ukukhethwa kolimi ngempumelelo ukuxhumana emvelo. Kunoma kwenzeka ngesikhathi ezithile zonyaka, amaqaba wabona intando engcwele emandleni aphakeme. Ngakho-ke, phakathi lwamaSlav yasungulwa kahle ngesimiso sokukhulekela yazo zonke izinhlobo ezindaweni ezingcwele - o-Ashera, izihlahla ehhotela, amatshe, iziphethu, amachibi, emaxhaphozini, njll ...

Ngalokho, itempeli - indawo lapho imicikilisho wayekwenza ayenikezelwe konkulunkulu bamaqaba. Lezi zakhiwo zasendulo, cishe ngeke wehlele izinsuku zethu, baba sibonelo amasonto yesimanje. Ikakhulukazi, abanye abacwaningi abathi ngokwezinga hypothesize ukuthi amasonto amaningi-oluyingungu Orthodox, kanye isici yezakhiwo efana octagon, inomsuka wobuqaba wasendulo.