Isikhumbuzo Cherepanov, Nizhny Tagil: incazelo, umlando kanye ezithakazelisayo amaqiniso

– это самый известный монумент Нижнего Тагила. Isikhumbuzo Cherepanov, unjiniyela Russian kanye umsunguli, abakhi esitimela lokuqala eRussia - lesikhumbuzo edume kakhulu Nizhny Tagil. It elimiswe nje endaweni yomphakathi ephakathi ngesinqumo Yabantu Commissars wase-USSR (22 August 1945). A Wavula ngoNovemba 4, 1956 I lesikhumbuzo abiza emzini 251,000 ruble "ubudala". Kulesi sihloko sibheka amaqiniso athile mayelana lesikhumbuzo Cherepanov (Nizhny Tagil).

Umqondo kumbhali

Umsebenti Ukudalwa lesikhumbuzo ethunywe umqophi A. S. Kondratevu. Waqala ne ukutadisha ngokuphila Cherepanovs ophilayo. Ngokushesha umbhali kwakheka Umqondo oyisisekelo lesikhumbuzo. sibalo ehlezi kobuso bukayise E. A. Cherepanova wayemelele amandla endala Russian, okuyinto eza sengathi kusukela nomhlaba ngokwawo. Njengoba izintambo ziyobe ziphethwe Yefim Aleksemovicha umqulu, futhi ubuso ivuliwe indodana yakhe. Ngakho uwisa isikhalazo ngayo esizukulwaneni esisha ngoba ekugcineni athole ikhambi zezinkinga lobuchwepheshe. Isibalo simi nendodana - Myron Yefimovich - eveza amandla, ukuphikelela, ezolile futhi beqiniseka. Kuyaqondakala ukuthi lapho enquma ukuthi avele inkinga. Okungukuthi, ngokuvumelana Kondratieff, kudingeka sibone okungalé abantu ababuka lesikhumbuzo ukuze Cherepanov (Nizhny Tagil).

ukuguquguquka ngokoqobo

Kuyaphawuleka ukuthi umlobi we ebaziwe Kubonakala egcwele romanticism hhayi lwangena ngokuphelele Biography of the amaqhawe lesikhumbuzo yakhe. Ukube ubenza kanjalo, yena nga wenza lesikhumbuzo Cherepanov ezahlukene. Ngokusho Lyubimov (nokuphatha ikhaya paravozostroiteley), efim Alekseevich kuphela kubhekwa nokubhala. Empeleni, akazange waze wafunda ngisho nokusenga ngempela ukufunda engu-amathathu. Okuwukuphela osilennaya incwadi yabo - Encwadi yamaHubo. Futhi Cherepanov Sr. wayengazi ukuthi ukubhala. Okuningi kwalokho okuphethwe wakwazi - ukusayina izitatimende.

Ngemva kwalokho, inani tincwadzi letifundvwe ngakuye anda. Kodwa, ngokuvumelana ababephila ngesikhathi esithile, wayenza kanjalo ne ukwenqena okukhulu. Ukuhumusha nekubhala tematheksthi wafunda indodana yakhe Myron, nemidwebo - umshana ngokuthi Ammos. Ngakho ukuthi lathunjwa umqophi yesehlakalo efim A., kungenzeka ebuza indodana yakhe ukufunda naye lo mqulu.

"Amabili umJuda"

Yileyo ndlela esizwa ngayo lesikhumbuzo wethiwa edume Cherepanov emva wokuvula yayo. Into wukuthi ngosuku emisiwe iqhwa bakuqala bawa, wahlobisa ikhanda indodana skullcap kayise emhlophe. Kodwa ke tagilchanam walithanda lesikhumbuzo ukuze namaphayona umusi esitimela, futhi waziwa ngokuthi isikhumbuzo - "Cherepanov" noma "Skull".

amaqiniso amabili ezithakazelisayo eziphathelene ukwakhiwa. Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi ziye zaba legends ezisemadolobheni.

inombolo qiniso elilodwa: umuntu

Abantu abasha cishe uqaphela lesi sici. Kodwa abameleli lesizukulwane esidala ku ukulihlola lesikhumbuzo avele izibikezelo ezingacacile: endaweni ethile laba bantu babone. Okungenani kabili ngonyaka.

Ukuze uqonde ukuthi kungani lokhu kwenzeka, kuzomele uvule emlandweni. Ngalezo zinsuku amalungu Abaculi 'Union uhola ikakhulu akhiqize eziqoshiwe kanye busts abalingiswa yisakhiwo sodumo. Yiqiniso, le ebaluleke kakhulu kwazo theorists wobukhomanisi yezesayensi - Engels, Umshicilelo Marx no Lenin. Kule ndaba, lo umqophi Kondratyev, owadala lesikhumbuzo Cherepanov, kwaba okufanayo. Kuthiwani uma yanquma ukuba uhlupho ukusebenza isithombe indodana noyise, noma isimiso uye washiya uphawu oluthile, kodwa Myron kuyafana Marx, futhi uyise - by Engels.

Iqiniso ezimbili: nganekwane yekhampasi

Le ndaba mayelana namathuluzi umdvwebo, okuyinto kwakufanele abe esandleni Myron Yefimovich. By the way, lesikhumbuzo Cherepanov (Nizhniy Tagil) ephathelene ngentambo zomlando nezinye izakhiwo ezidumile - isikhumbuzo behlonipha NN Demidova. Futhi kubahlanganisa lutho kodwa pair of ikhampasi.

Konke kwaqala ngo-1830, lapho amadodana Demidov isinqumo sokuzakhela isikhumbuzo kuye. Ngemva kweminyaka eyisikhombisa, ukuze wayekulungele. Isikhumbuzo elisungulwe 1837 eduze namanje sidle Vyisky Nicholas Church. Kube wawusegunjini ethuneni we Demidov. Ngemva kwesikhathi esithile Nizhny Tagil wavakashela u-Alexander II futhi yayala lesikhumbuzo washukumiseleka ukuba esigcawini main.

Itshe lesikhumbuzo ocime ezikhexisayo. Esisekelweni zemabula kwakunemifanekiso emibili begqoke enkantolo caftan Demidov welula isandla siguqile wakhe wesifazane e imvunulo isiGreki umqhele. Ngezansi umbhangqwana ephakathi ye emakhoneni babe iqembu ezine sethusi izinkathi ezahlukene empilweni usozimboni: umfundi, uthisha, ummeli kanye nomvikeli.

Eminyakeni embalwa kamuva umabhalane Belov ukuthi kwebiwe ezinye izakhi we lesikhumbuzo. Nge iqembu sculptural lapho Demidov wayechazwa umfundi, walahlekelwa nekhampasi kanye ncwadi. Umabhalane unolwazi abanikazi, futhi lesi sitshalo ngokushesha baphinde izinto ezilungile. Kodwa umlando kwaphinda kwenzeka ezinyangeni ezimbili. Belov ukwethuka uyaphika ukuthi edolobhaneni kwakukhona Masons. Ubani ongalalela ngakho izephula ukweba incwadi nekhampasi nge lesikhumbuzo phambi Abalindi edamini, futhi ithempeli simila? Kuphela Masons ...

Ukuvimbela kuphangwa obengeziwe lesikhumbuzo, nokuphatha ukusonta isakhiwo yayala yonke imininingwane kancane, bese azidlulisele ishede for yokusungula. Ngo-1891, i-Museum izimayini livulekile, kuzo zonke izingxenye lesikhumbuzo Demidov wamnikela esichasiselweni sakhe esithi. Ngenxa yalokho, kuze kube namuhla nginomuzwa senziwe kuphela uphawu Mercury. Kodwa isakhiwo ngokwaso kokulinda i isiphetho unenviable. Ngo-1919, ngemva Revolution, i Demidov lesikhumbuzo nge allegories abane bathunyelwa eMoscow remelting.

Umlando uyaziphinda

Ngo-1956, kwamiswa itshe lesikhumbuzo Cherepanov (Nizhniy Tagil) uvulekele, incazelo zazo uvezwa ngenhla. Ngokwe-project, isandla Myron Yefimovich ngeke inkatho kanye ikhampasi. Ngakho-ke, amathuluzi umdwebo wenza eceleni bese sinamathela umshudo. Esikhathini izithombe lesikhumbuzo ngosuku wokuvula, futhi ngemva kwezinsuku eziyishumi nekhampasi esesandleni. Kodwa ngemva kwamasonto amabili ivele yanyamalala. Ingabe ngempela ukuthi iqhaza le nabakhi?

Kwakumenywe nezikhulu zedolobha wabuza abakhiqizi ukwenza ikhampasi ambalwa. Kodwa kule minyaka 2-3 olandelayo futhi lokhu isitokwe yayisetshenziswa. City neKomidi ukunceliswa mania yezakhamuzi, mayelana ikhampasi isinqumo ukukhohlwa. Njengoba lesikhumbuzo wema ngaphandle lo mdwebo amathuluzi kuze kube namuhla.

Phakathi kuka-zero UNikolai Didenko (imeya) uye sebenqume lesikhumbuzo ukuze Cherepanov (Nizhniy Tagil), umlando okuyinto Cishe zonke umhlali edolobheni ezaziwayo. Ukwazi bakubo unxanela for ikhampasi lethusi, wayaleza esiqiwini izingcezu ezinhlanu. Kodwa ngemva kokubuyiselwa lesikhumbuzo ukubeka endaweni, bathatha indaba izindaba nesisontekile umdwebo amathuluzi, kodwa ukunquma ukungahlanganyeli lapho elinga abathandi izinsimbi non-ayoni. Ngenxa yalokho, Myron E. wasala engasenabo nekhampasi. Izakhamuzi eziningi zingazi lutho ngalezi umdwebo amathuluzi, ngakho into wathuthela isigaba legend zasemadolobheni.