Ion sulphate: ukuzimisela okuqukethwe emanzini nasenhlabathini

ion sulfate kukhona nosawoti of sulfuric acid medium. Eziningi zalezi compounds zitholakala kalula oncibilikayo emanzini. Ngaphansi kwezimo ezivamile izinto kukhona esimweni okuqinile, abe umbala ukukhanya. Abaningi sulfate ion imvelaphi sedimentary zingabantu zasolwandle kanye lacustrine inhlabathi zamakhemikhali.

izici kwesakhiwo

Isakhiwo crystal evumela oludidiyelwe SO42- anions. Njengoba compounds ezivamile zingatholakala divalent metal sulfate. Ngokwesibonelo, ama-ion sulfate ngokuhlanganisa calcium cations, barium yombala, Sesithombe, yakha nosawoti zingaxazululeki. Lezi inhlabathi kukhona namaminerali ezikhona isimo khulula ngokwemvelo.

Ukuba emanzini

Ngaphezu kwalokho, kwakheka ion sulfate is uma usawoti dissociation, ukuze ion anjengalawo aqukethwe amanzi. Umthombo oyinhloko compounds zinjalo izinqubo amakhemikhali namachibi of sulfides nesibabule.

Nenani eningi ion sulphate faka amadamu at lilokhu eziphilayo namachibi eliwumhlaba futhi esimila emanzini nezidalwa. Ngaphezu kwalokho, zingabantu namadreni ngomshoshaphansi.

I okunqala ion sulfate eyenziwe ngo effluents kwezezimboni nakwezolimo.

Libhekene ephansi aligugu amanengi amanzi SO42- ion. Kukhona amafomu okusimeme compounds enjalo, okuyinto nakanjani kuthinte usawoti amanzi okuphuza. Ngokwesibonelo, i-magnesium sulfate kuyinto kwakwakhe zingaxazululeki aqoqana amanzi.

Inani emjikelezweni sulphur

Uma sihlaziya le ion sulfate emanzini, kubalulekile ukuba uqaphele ukuthi kubalulekile umjikelezo egcwele ubunjalo isibabule compounds yayo. Ngenxa umphumela amagciwane sulfate-ekunciphiseni, ngaphandle ukufinyelela air oksijini, kuyinto ukunciphisa yayo-hydrogen sulfide ne-sulfides. Ngenxa yokuba khona komoya-mpilo emanzini inhlabathi wenziwa ukuguqulwa ngokuphindaphindiwe yalezi izinto zibe sulphates.

Ngaphansi isenzo-bacterium sulphate-ekunciphiseni ngokungabi bikho-mpilo ziyancipha ukuze sulphides ne-hydrogen sulphide. Kodwa ngokushesha nje lapho amanzi eza e-oksijini zemvelo, futhi oxidized ukuze sulfate.

Amanzi emvula SO42- ion lokuhlushwa 10 mg ngayinye decimetre cubic. Ukuze angenasawoti lesi sibalo cishe 50 mg DM ^{3 ngayinye.} Ngo imithombo komhlaba ambalwa sulfate okuqukethwe makhulu kakhulu.

Ukuze amanzi kuyisici sobuntu ubuhlobo obuphakathi isikhathi sonyaka kanye iphesenti sulfuric acid ion. Ngaphezu kwalokho, isilinganiso ambalwa kuthinta izinto ezenziwa abantu, ukunciphisa nokugcina oxidizing izinqubo ezenzeka ngokwemvelo.

Ithonya Lako izinga lamanzi

Sulfate nomthelela kwi izinga amanzi okuphuza. okuhlushwa lawo landa kubathinta kabi izimfanelo organoleptic. Amanzi kuba ukunambitheka okunosawoti, kukhuphuke turbidity yayo. Amazinga aphakeme lezi anions kubathinta kabi izinqubo bokuphila emzimbeni womuntu. Basuke kahle angena egazini kusukela amathumbu. Ngezinye lokuhlala ephakeme kuzala nomphumela laxative, ukuphazamisa izinqubo wokugaya ukudla.

Kwaba ukwazi ukusungula umthelela ongemuhle sulfate on izinwele, abakucasulayo ulwelwesi lwamafinyila samehlo isikhumba. Ngenxa ingozi ukuthi bamele i-umzimba womuntu, kubalulekile ukucacisa ion sulfate, ukuthatha izinyathelo ngesikhathi esifanele ukunciphisa amanani abo emanzini okuphuza. Ngokuvumelana nezindinganiso akumele leqe mg 500 per decimetre cubic.

Ikakhulukazi ukuzimisela anions emanzini

Ngo izifundo laboratory kusekelwe ukuphendula qualitative ngoba ion sulfate nge Trilon B. Titration wenziwa ngokuvumelana GOST 31940-12 simiselwe SO42-. Ukuze ucwaningo laboratory, okuqukethwe okuhlobene ukuhlonza anions sulfate emanzini amanzi okuphuza kanye imfucuza, ukulungiselela izixazululo of barium yombala chloride at lokuhlushwa predetermined (0.025 Mol, DM ^{3 ngayinye).} Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukuhlaziywa kudinga izixazululo: magnesium nosawoti, ammonium sesikhashana, Trilon B, nitrate esiliva, inkomba eryochrom T abamnyama.

I-algorithm ekucubunguleni

Laboratory isebenzisa negabha oyindilinga kokuba namandla mayelana 250 ml. It is eyenziwe pipetting 10 ml isixazululo magnesium usawoti. Ngaphezu kwalokho, umfuma ihlaziye ingezwe 90 ml amanzi distilled, 5 ml isixazululo ammonia sesikhashana, amaconsi ambalwa inkomba, Titration Kwenziwa usebenzisa ikhambi EDTA disodium usawoti. Inqubo wenziwa kuze kukhona ushintsho nombala oluhlaza njengesibhakabhaka ne abomvu kanye purple.

Okulandelayo, nqumani indlela inani isixazululo disodium usawoti EDTA, edingekayo ukuze Titration. Ukuze uthole imiphumela ezinokwethenjelwa, kuyinto efiselekayo usuphinda 3-4 izikhathi. Ukusebenzisa Coefficient ukulungiswa, ukubala wenziwa okuqukethwe ambalwa of anions sulfate.

Izici kulungiselelwa amasampula ngokuzuzisayo Titration

Zilandelwa ngu ukuhlaziywa ngesikhathi esisodwa amasampula amabili kokuba ivolumu 100 ml. Kuyadingeka ukuthatha negabha oyindilinga, ibalwa per 250 ml. In ngamunye wabo kwenza laboratory 100 ml yokuhlaziya isampula. Baphinde wanezela 2-3 amaconsi kanzulu hydrochloric acid, 25 ml barium yombala chloride, ukubeka umfuma endaweni waterbath. Ukushisisa kwenziwa imizuzu 10 ke isampuli ihlaziye kufanele kwesokunxele imizuzu 60.

Khona-ke, amasampula zokuhlunga ukuze lemifanekiso awuzange kwenze sulfate barium yombala. Lemifanekiso sagezwa ngamanzi distilled, ikhambi ulithola ukungabi khona chloride ion. Ukuze wenze lokhu ukuphendula ngezikhathi qualitative ngesixazululo esiliva nitrate. Uma ubona ufasimbe, kubonisa khona chloride.

Lemifanekiso ke ibekwe ku negabha, lapho sebethule lwenziwe. Ngemva kwalokho 5 ml ammonia enyakaza okuqukethwe umfuma ngenduku ingilazi, lemifanekiso zenzeka, waqonda ngezansi. Per 5 mg ion ihlaziye engezwa amanzi 6 ml disodium EDTA. Okuqukethwe, kushiswa namabhati amanzi ke ukufuthelana kwi hotplate kuze nokonakala ephelele ziyazika elalisendlini amanzi kanye lemifanekiso.

Isikhathi Ukushisa kumele singeqi imizuzu emihlanu. Ukuze uthuthukise izinga yokuhlaziya kuyadingeka ngezikhathi ugovuze okuqukethwe umfuma ngenduku ingilazi.

Emva lwaluyophola, isampuli kuthululwe nalokho 50 ml amanzi distilled, 5 ml isixazululo ammonia sesikhashana, amaconsi ambalwa ikhambi inkomba utshwala. Ngaphezu kwalokho, Titration Kwenziwa ngokweqile disodium edetate sulfate noma magnesium chloride kuze esitebeleni luhlaza onsomi.

isiphetho

Sodium-, potassium-, ion sulfate akhiqizwa amanzi angcolile hhayi kuphela ngenxa izinqubo ezihlukahlukene yemvelo kodwa futhi ngenxa yezenzo zesintu. Ukuze amanzi eyayidliwa, musa kubathinta umthelela eziphilayo, kubalulekile ukuqapha okuqukethwe belinani ke ezihlukahlukene anions futhi cations.

Ngokwesibonelo, ngesikhathi amasampula Titration Trilon B zingenziwa izibalo ambalwa of okuqukethwe kule lwesampuli yemaphepha sulfate anions, ukuthatha izinyathelo eziphathekayo ukunciphisa le nkomba (uma kunesidingo). Laboratories yesimanje kohlaziyo futhi kwenziwe amasampula ekukhombeni emanzini zokuphuza esindayo metal cations, anions chlorine, phosphate, angenziwa pathogenic ezithinta okweqa lokuhlala avumelekile imiphumela emibi phezu ukuphila ngokomzimba nangokomzwelo.

Ngokusho imiphumela ucwaningo laboratory okunjalo futhi ucwaningo oluningana bamakhemikhali kohlaziyo ukuphetha nokufaneleka amanzi ukusetshenziswa, noma isidingo zokuhlanzwa wayo, ukusetshenziswa kohlelo zokuhlunga indlela ekhethekile, esekelwe nokuhlanzwa kwamanzi amakhemikhali.