Ingxibongo izinkomo: ukwelashwa kanye nezimpawu

Ezweni kunamakhulu amagciwane ahlukene pathogenic futhi izifo ezibangwa kubo. Kodwa ingxibongo izinkomo - kwilejendi uhlobo lwayo, njengoba kwakunjalo ejenti yakhe isetshenziselwe ukudala wokugoma kwezwe yokuqala. Namuhla, lesi sifo hhayi njengoba ezivamile, kodwa namanje kuyakufanelekela ukukhumbula zonke abanikazi lezi zilwane.

Kuyini lokhu?

Cowpox - isifo yegciwane, esizibonakalisa ngesimo ukubukeka kwesikhumba izilonda amancane pustules, kulandele yesikhathi esifushane neyezinto ukukhuphuka kancane izinga lokushisa isiyonke komzimba wesilwane. ngokuvamile Izilonda zinyamalale bebodwa (nge sikhathi). Nokho, uma uhlelo wesilwane mzimba ukuyiveza okwenziwa izidakamizwa noma esinye isifo, ukutheleleka singenzeka ku uhlobo esindayo, okuyinto igcwele nemiphumela ebuhlungu.

Izimbangela zesifo

Kukhona amagciwane amaningi ezibangela ukuqubuka, elikwaziyo kuthelela abaningi ngalesi sifo kwezilwane ezahlukahlukene. Naphezu kweqiniso lokuthi igciwane vaccinia ithelela izinkomo, ke eqoshiwe Ezimweni eziningi yokudlulisela kwabanye nezifuyiwe kusukela izinkomo akuzona kwesigubhu zemvelo kule lwegciwane. Ikakhulu, usechaze ngokuphindaphindiwe kokunqotshwa igciwane amakati yasekhaya ngisho izingulule, izinkomo, nezilwanyana (ngokuvamile) abantu ukusebenza izinkomo.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, lesi sifo kungavuka izinja, izindlovu namahhashi. Ngokumangalisayo, ososayensi abaningi bacabanga ukuthi aphethe kwemvelo igciwane vaccinia kukhona ... sidla amagundane amancane!

Izazi zikholelwa ukuthi lo mqedazwe ingxibongo yimihlambi elingalodwa izinkomo (emizaneni kude) kukhona kungenzeka kuphela ngenxa yemithetho izenzo abathengisi. Lezi liphethwe: yasebhange vole (Clethrionomys glareolus), umuntu ovamile vole (Microtus agrestis) kanye igundane indlu (Apodemus sylvaticus).

Ocwaningweni ezingaphezu kuka 1,5 ayizinkulungwane namagundane, abacwaningi batholé ukuthi okungenani u-27% wabo kukhona abathwali kwemvelo igciwane. Ngokuvamile, lezi "amathangi ngemilenze" ningabonisi izimpawu zokutheleleka. Amacala vaccinia (kanye njalo) ibike emazweni amaningi aseYurophu, kuhlanganise-Austria, iBelgium, eFrance, eJalimane, eNetherlands, UK, eScandinavia futhi kulo lonke izwe elaliyiSoviet Union ngaphambili.

Kwenzekani kwamanye amazwe ase-Asia nase-Afrika, kubalulekile ukuqagela kuphela. Nokho, ama-eseyi njalo zemvelo futhi ethnographers abonisa nokuthi cowpox kulezi zingxenye kunezinhlobo ezingaphezu kuka njalo.

Ukusabalala kwesifo

Ukusabalala ukutheleleka phakathi kwezinkomo nezinye izilwane zasekhaya amakhowe ekukholakala ukuthi kuqhathaniswa singelutho, kodwa kunokwehluka kuye indawo endaweni ethile. Akukho zohlobo, ubudala noma kungenzeka ubulili, kodwa ingozi yokutheleleka inyuka kakhulu ngezikhathi lapho namagundane ngobuningi ekuqaleni kuze ukungena ezakhiweni zasemapulazini (isib ekwindla).

Ngokuvamile Pox izinkomo ophakamayo lapho izilwane zigcinwa kwi ongaphandle ngabakhulisa, okungukuthi, ngandlela-thile nabo imvelo bangaphandle. In izinhlelo ezenzakalelayo lanamuhla, lapho izilwane ziyahamba hhayi kwenziwe njalo futhi lapho disinfestation, ukuqubuka kwezifo awunasilinganiso ngokuvamile kanje (ngokuhlukahluka okuthile okuhlukile).

izimpawu Clinical ukutheleleka

Ngokuvamile, igciwane lingena emzimbeni alimentary, lapho edla ukudla okunobuthi noma ukuphuza amanzi angcolile. Ngaphezu kwalokho, eqoshiwe amacala lesi sifo ngemva Ukulunywa emagundvwane kakhulu. Kanjani ingxibongo izinkomo? Izimpawu zayo abasakwazi ejwayelekile. igciwane lohlobo kuba sobala ngemva kwezinsuku ezimbalwa, lapho isikhumba umbele zibukeka esishwabene Izigaxana kancane (papules). Lokhu kungase kuhambisane obenesifo yesibili, kuze kumiswa abscesses, ngakho Pox izinkomo - akusona isifo ayinangozi, njengoba abanye bacabanga abanikazi.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, viremia athuthukile (igciwane egazini). Ngokushesha usabalala zonke kwezitho nezicubu zomzimba, okuvame ukuholela nemiphumela emibi ngendlela efanayo. Thina ukuchaza uma kumiswa ulcer pheshana emathunjini. Ezimweni onomoya omnene athuthukile rhinitis, inyumoniya kanye nesifo sohudo. Ngenhlanhla, uzuza ezinjalo azibona njalo. Njengomthetho, esiphezulu okusongelayo inkomazi - ukukhuphuka lezivakashi e lokushisa komzimba, ukuqunjelwa omnene, futhi ukulahlekelwa yesikhashana iphango.

I okunye ukuthuthukiswa ukutheleleka

Cishe ngemva kwezinsuku eziyishumi igciwane lingena emzimbeni ukuthuthukisa baningi, wathela Izilonda njengoba papules futhi pustules. Lona Pox elincane izinkomo umbele. Isimo sabo zingahluka kusuka okusaqanda cishe ngokuphelele round, lesion ubukhulu thukela idlula isentimitha. Ngokuvamile, nakuba lesi simo kuchazwa izincwadi wezilwane, empeleni eqinile ukulunywa isilwane ukuhlolwa.

Ngemva kwezinsuku ezimbalwa, mina pustules iqale ukuba babe ezimboziwe nge soma, okuyinto kamuva zome futhi ekugcineni zinyamalale kusukela isikhumba. Lezi izilonda singenzeka kunoma iyiphi ingxenye yomzimba, kodwa ukubonile arcade umbele. Thina ukuchaza uma papules futhi pustules esikhumbeni ekhaleni izinkomo esibukweni (nakuba lokhu engavamile).

Lapho lesi sifo kungabulala?

Mayelana nelesithupha amaviki ukutheleleka "angesabi" buyaphela. Okubalulekile! Uma ngasizathu simbe, isilwane ngalesi sikhathi wathola glucocorticoids (ama), ezithinta ethile eqakathekileko, obonakaliswe nokucindezela amasosha omzimba, noma uma ine- ezinye izinkinga eziphawulekayo isimiso somzimba sokuzivikela (isib wegazi), angagcina ezivamile ukulahlekelwa ukonakala kwazo zonke zomzimba. Ngakho uma ubona ukuthi kukhona ingxibongo e umbele lenkomo, ukuphathwa ngaphansi kwanoma yiziphi izimo akufanele sicabange corticosteroids!

Ezimweni ezinjalo, ngokuvamile ukuthuthukisa ezinzima ubovu inyumoniya, ngokuvamile eligcina ukufa sesilwane. Lapho zokuphefumula izimpawu ipheshana lesion Kunconywa ukuba sifeze inkomo inyama lokuhlaba. Ngakho uma kwenzeka uma wakho ube Pox inkomo umbele (isithombe pustules kukhona emakhasini le nto) akufanele sithathwe kalula nge sifo.

ukuhlola

Ukuqinisekisa / ukuphikisa uphethwe Vết ukuthatha izingcezu amasampula isikhumba futhi okuqukethwe papules. Zisetshenziswa ukuze uhlole khona amasosha omzimba athile, noma vaccinia igciwane. Lesifo kungenzeka kuqinisekiswa izindlela ezilandelayo:

• Positive omzimba titer egazini assays. Lokhu kuhlola kwenziwa izindlela ukusabela serological. Okubalulekile! Ekuqaleni amasosha omzimba kukhona selitholakala izinsuku ngaphambili kuka 7-10 emva kokuziphatha pathogen emzimbeni (lapho avele izimpawu zokuqala zokwelapha). Uma wenza kanjalo ukuhlolwa ngaphambi, imiphumela yabo iyoba zamanga-HIV.
• Ukukhulisa igciwane kuseli isiko kanye polymerase chain reaction (i-PCR). Ukuthola izinto genetic lwegciwane kusuka ukuhlonza kwalo okwalandela. Isampula esithathwayo ukuhlola soma ukuthi zibe phezu kwesikhumba umbele, ngoba Ziningi igciwane emizimbeni. Lezi zinhlobo izifundo ezibhekwa indinganiso egolide sifo, kodwa ukuqaliswa yabo idinga umtholampilo kahle futhi wezilwane abanolwazi. Nokho, ingxibongo izinkomo (imithi okuyinto sizoxoxa kamuva) ngokuvamile kancane eyinkimbinkimbi zokupopola akudingi.
• Skin biopsy ka ezindaweni ezithintekile futhi abonise ushintsho sici kumaseli onegciwane kanye, uma kunesidingo, igciwane kungenzeka itholwe lobu bufakazi engaqondile (nakuba le ndlela incane okuthembekile, kuba lula kakhulu).

Ulwazi mayelana nokwelashwa izilwane ezigulayo

Ngakho indlela yokuphatha ingxibongo izinkomo? Ezimweni eziningi izilonda sizophola ngaphandle kokungenela phakathi namasonto ambalwa lapho kuqala ukutheleleka, futhi ezimweni emnene ngokuvamile awadingi iyiphi indlela yokwelapha. Yiqiniso, lokhu akusho ukuthi isifo zingelashwa ngobudedengu. Uma ukuqubuka esikhumbeni umbele eziningi, futhi inkomo amasosha omzimba kakade buthaka ezinye ukutheleleka, imiphumela ingaba ezingezinhle kakhulu, kuze ukuthuthukiswa sepsis endaweni izilonda omkhulu virus.

Esimweni lapho izimpawu ezibonakala ukuwohloka, isilwane esigulayo ngempela zidinga ukwelashwa. yokwelapha ethile, njengoba namanye pathologies eziningi ezibangelwa amagciwane, alikho. Ukwelashwa siyefana, wangisekela. Ngakho, inkomo Pox, ukwelashwa (imiphumela photo inqubo sokugembula kuyinto esihlokweni) ukuthi sixoxa yimuphi izici ezithile uma ziqhathaniswa nezinye izifo ezibangelwa amagciwane, akunandaba.

Yini ukusebenzisa for ekwelapheni ezindaweni ezithintekile umbele?

Isikhumba umbele ziphathwa usebenzisa amafutha zinc. It ikuvumela ukuba izilonda ezomile futhi ngesivinini ukuvuselelwa. Asenze wamafutha ukusisebenzisa akudingekile, njengoba kungase kube nomthelela maceration (ukuthamba) kwesikhumba futhi lula umsebenzi microflora pathogenic ukuqaliswa Uhlonze lwalo. Ngenxa yalokhu, Pox elincane izinkomo umbele (impatho, isithombe - konke lapho impahla yethu) bangaba ebulalayo ngenxa ematfuba kuqhathaniswa eliphezulu sepsis.

nezinye izincomo

Uma inkomo akadli, imithi zisetshenziselwa ajabulise esesuthi, futhi uma kudingeka, laxatives (ezifana usawoti Glauber sika). Njengoba kwanda lokushisa ikhombisa isabelo emthanjeni ekwakhiweni sesikhashana kanye glucose izixazululo ezisiza ukususa ukudakwa futhi nomthelela ukwehlisa izinga lokushisa. Kubalulekile ukugwema ukuqashwa kukaNksz glucocorticoids, ngoba izimpawu zokwelapha kungase zaba zimbi nakakhulu.

Sikugcizelele waphinda ukuthi, ezimweni ezimbi kakhulu, uma kuziwa endabeni kokunqotshwa ephansi ipheshana zokuphefumula namaphaphu, kutuswa ngokuba babulawe inyama. Kule ndaba, Pox elincane izinkomo umbele (impatho, isithombe - konke uzothola kulesi sihloko) yisifo esiyingozi.

Ngokuvamile, imithi elwa namagciwane lesi sifo akuzona abamiswe njengoba igciwane izidakamizwa ezinjalo azisebenzi nhlobo. Kodwa engozini kancane ekuthuthukiseni yesibili webhaktheriya izifo kadokotela antimicrobial ulungisiswa. Nokho, isinqumo kule kufanele kwenziwe kuphela wezilwane. Nakhu ukuthi aphathe ingxibongo izinkomo.

Ukusabalala ukutheleleka futhi ubungozi abantu

Transmission kusuka yezilwane isilwane kukalutshwana kakhulu, kodwa ngokuvamile kungenzeka, njengoba kalula ngegciwane inkomo nje wagcoba okuqukethwe kuye umbele papules "tovarki" wakhe ogulayo. Kubantu itheleleke nge cowpox kuba kuqhathaniswa ezingavamile, kodwa namanje zikhona izimo ezinjalo. Ikakhulu, kusekelwe kokuma we milkmaids ngesikhathi esisodwa wokugoma emhlabeni wokuqala yasungulwa, ukuze Pox inkomo (izithombe ezisebusweni iphepha) kungenziwa waqaphela isifo zooantroponoznym.

Uma kungenzeka, ukuvimbela umsebenzi nge izinkomo ogulayo, abantu buthaka omzimba. Ngaphezu kwalokho, contact engathandeki nezingane itheleleke izilwane. Nalapha futhi, nodokotela bezingane abaningi bakholelwa ukuthi kuyasiza intsha waphathwa ingxibongo: naphezu ukuqedwa kobumpofu emhlabeni futhi ukungabi ukutheleleka ezweni lethu, isimo epidemiological emazweni Asia Ephakathi luyindida, futhi amathuba okutheleleka kuyinto.

magciwane izinyathelo

Sebenzisa ukunakekela izilwane ezigulayo amagilavu yezokwelapha alahlwayo, qiniseka ukuba zibulale izinto lokunakekela, njengoba igciwane uyakwazi isikhathi eside ukuze bahlale bephila emazingeni okushisa okuvamile. Ukuze magciwane ngempumelelo lingasetshenziswa nganoma iyiphi indlela esekelwe sodium hypochlorite (omhlophe, namanye bleaches chlorine). Ngakho, ingxibongo izinkomo - hhayi isifo esiyingozi kakhulu izinkomo, kodwa namanje ezinye izinyathelo ukuthatha uma kwenzeka udinga behluleka.