Ukuhlwanyela amabele ekhanyayo: ukulungiselela imbewu, isikhathi

Ummbila kuyinto nje kuphela esiphundu, kodwa futhi isivuno esiyigugu kakhulu. Ngaphezu ukunambitheka esingenakuqhathaniswa zommbila ihleza babe izakhiwo ewusizo, njengoba iqukethe e ngezithako zawo eziningi ezihlukahlukene izakhi ewusizo mayelana nomzimba womuntu. Indlovukazi Amasimu ezikhulayo ngempela linesizotha, balimi eziningi kangaka watshala kuso endaweni yabo unyaka ngamunye. zokutshala Ofanele corn - isibambiso izitshalo esikhathini esizayo, ngakho kulesi sigaba kumele kugcile kuloku.

Kukhethwa indawo yokutshala ummbila

Kungakhathaliseki ebangeni, lokhu isiko uthanda ukukhanya, kahle kutshalwa loam sandy, anesihlabathi loamy inhlabathi ezingeni pH okungenani 5.6, lapho kalula zingene umswakama kanye ukushisa kwelanga. Kunconyelwe ukuhlwanyela corn enhlabathini compaction!

Esinye isici esibalulekile ezithinta umkhiqizo ukukhethwa isivuno odlule kwanda isizini eyedlule endaweni lapho ohlela ummbila. Ngu nababengaphambi ezinhle zihlanganisa okusanhlamvu, irowu izitshalo imidumba.

Ummbila kumele kwenziwe emva ukulima ekwindla kanye entwasahlobo pre-ukucutshungulwa ungumlimi. Njengoba yenziwe inhlabathi futhi qiniseka ekucebiseni manyolo organic nokumbiwa.

umswakama eyanele - imfuneko ukwakheka nokukhula zommbila ezinhle. Nikeza ezanele umswakama kuyasiza ekwindla ukulima. Phakathi "ukuphumula" yayo emhlabeni okuxekethile ukuqongelela umswakama owanele ukuze imbewu corn kwasheshe ibe izithombo eqinile futhi unempilo.

Kukhethwa izinhlobo

Okukhethekile izitolo zinikeza ezihlukahlukene omkhulu izinhlobo hybrid. Ummbila zokutshala nezinsuku zonke izinhlobo kucishe, kodwa amanye izici zihlukile. Lapho ukhetha imbewu kufanele bacabangele izinto ezifana ua ukusetshenziswa kwezomnotho izinhlobo ezithile (ukudla noma okuphakelayo) isivuno, ukunambitheka, isikhathi yokuvuthwa, ukumelana esibi izimo zemvelo, izinambuzane nezifo.

Imbewu pre-ukwelashwa

Zokutshala kuthiwa akhethiwe ulinganiswe, ngaphandle zangaphandle ukukhubazeka imbewu. Ukuqinisekisa ukuhluma omuhle imbewu yombila balungiselelwa ayihlwanyelayo. Ngelinye isonto ngaphambi zokutshala Kunconywa Ukushisa zabo emoyeni-ezishisayo ezingeni lokushisa 25-35 degrees kanye komoya okuhle. imbewu sekuqala ukufudumala ziqhume kangcono kanye nangesivinini, ukuthuthukisa kanye zithele kahle.

Emva kwezinsuku 5, imbewu wageza impahla esezansi otsortirovyvaya engaphelele (uma imbewu afakwe esitsheni bese wengeza amanzi, izinga izohlala ezansi futhi ukuza ebusweni yonakele). Babe zihambisana gauze futhi ofakwe amanzi okumsulwa ekamelweni lokushisa izinsuku ezingu-2-3 kuze pipping amagciwane.

Ngaphambi zokutshala uqhutshwa imbewu ummbila Kunconywa amalungiselelo akhethekile etch ukuze azivikele nezilokazane nezifo.

ukuhlwanyelwa

Lesi sibalo incike iphethini sezulu endaweni ethize. Ummbila ayihlwanyele ekhanyayo kungenziwa olwenziwe i lokushisa nsuku zonke degrees 10 futhi akukho ingozi frost. Isikhathi elilungile liphakathi maphakathi no-May. Ngalesi sikhathi inhlabathi kuya wayefisa zokutshala ukujula ngokuvamile kuba nesikhathi esanele kakhulu ukuxoxa nabo okufanayo lokushisa izici.

Ikhalenda ummbila is hhayi Kunconywa ukuba aphule, ngoba ukubambezeleka oluthinta ngqo umphumela wokugcina. Usuku ngalunye ukubambezeleka nge okutshalwe kunciphisa isivuno by 1%.

Isikimu zokutshala ummbila

I lokutshala isiko ukujula ivela 3 kuya 5 cm. Umhlabathi kumele babe umswakama okwanele kutsetselelwe imbewu. Lishonile kunesikhumba 5 cm ukulamula kubo is hhayi Kunconywa, njengoba kuzoba nomthelela isikhathi ukuvela.

Zokuhlwanyela kwenziwa imigqa zommbila. Ibanga phakathi izitshalo kanye zilandelana izikhala kuncike ezihlukahlukene. On the isembozo imbewu ngokuvamile aqukethe izitshalo Kunconywa isikimu kwehla. Nokho kubalulekile ukuba ucabange kusengaphambili futhi kube lula ukunakekelwa corn. Ngamanye amazwi, amabele kufanele kutshalwe ukuze esikhathini esizayo ukuthi kuqinisekiswe ukufinyelela kokuhlupheka-free isitshalo ngasinye ukuze Ukukhipha, efaka umquba, ukuchelela kanye evuna ihleza.

Ibanga kahle emkhatsini izitshalo kumugqa kuyinto 20-25 irowu cm Isikhala - 50-70 cm.

Ukunakekela izithombo

Ngemva ukuvela kuyadingeka ukuze afeze inhlabathi njalo ziba ngcono kanye nokususwa olunzulu ukhula. Ukhula nemvundo enhlabathini bese nisuse utho kulo a ezidingekayo umswakama corn. Ngaphezu ukuthi kuliminyanise izitshalo abasha, singavumeli ukuba zihlakulele evamile.

Ukuxega phansi kunconywa ngemuva kwemvula noma ukuthambisa. Ngakho, umhlabathi izohlala olumanzi eside. By the way, amabele akakubekezeleli nesomiso, ngakho-ke nakanjani uyophuziswa uma kungekho imvula isikhathi eside. Nokho, umswakama ngokweqile kufanele kugwenywe, futhi, njengoba inhlabathi olumanzi kakhulu ebambezela ukufinyelela emoyeni ezimpandeni isitshalo.

isitshalo Umanyolo

Lapho izithombo zommbila lizovela 5 amapheshana, bamondle superphosphate, usawoti umanyolo kanye ammonium nitrate. Lezi umquba yethulwe zingene inhlabathi ngesimo izixazululo. Isikali ezinconyiwe ngokuvamile elicacisiwe imiyalelo izidakamizwa.

A yokudla sesibili Kwenziwa ngesikhathi zezimbali ummbila, kanti eyesithathu - lapho beqala ukwakha izindlebe.

Inhlabathi Ukwakheka oluthinta ngqo izitshalo zidinga e Umanyolo ethile. amahlamvu State ingazisa ukuthi Umanyolo akuyona corn ngokwanele. Ngokwesibonelo, lapho amahlamvu nitrogen yokulamba ngeke phuzi futhi azikhuli. phosphorus Ukungabi reddening manifest amaqabunga, kanye potassium ukuntula - okwehlisa ukukhula kwabo nokulimala ukusha.

ukuvuna

iqoqo esifike corn ikuvumela ukuba ujabulele ukunambitheka kwalo olungenakuqhathaniswa. Enenani eliphakeme isithokela uJakobe ifa ngesikhathi isinyathelo ripeness acidosis. corn Young, namanzi futhi elimnandi esetshenziswa abilisiwe, ekheniwe futhi zifakwe emanzini anosawoti ke. Ngenxa Umhlahlandlela sokunquma inkathi yokuvuna ingasetshenziswa esikhathini emva kwezinsuku 20-25 kokuphothulwa ukuqhakaza.

Kukhona ezimbalwa izimpawu okubonakalayo ukulungela corn:

• Unqenqema engenhla ezisonga baqale ome kancane.
• Ezisonga, uya woma ngaphandle namanje olumanzi ngaphakathi, uvalwe ingcina izimfanelo iklabishi.
• Pistillate ngentambo ongakabi omisiwe, kodwa kakade ngazuza abe luhlaza kancane sinombala.
• Okusanhlamvu ziba yindilinga futhi izinhlangothi nokunwebeka phezu kwawo wonke ukuphakama ikhanda.
• Umbala okusanhlamvu akuyona ezimhlophe, futhi ukukhanya yellow.
• Nge ebuthaka azwela umfutho igobolondo okusanhlamvu Ukuvutha, kukhishwa ushukela ketshezi Milky.

Ukuqoqa corn ngokuvamile iqala lapho ngasekupheleni July - ekuqaleni kuka-August. Ukwakhiwa nezindlebe yokuvuthwa iyokwenzeka ngezigaba eziningana, ngakho izithelo fresh Ungajabulisa emasontweni ambalwa zilandelana uma ungumuntu ukunambitheka kwako.