Indlela banikele ukuhlaziywa DNA?

Ngokuvamile, ukuhlolwa zofuzo eyenziwa ukusungula ubuyise. Nokho, kunezinye izimo lapho ungenzi ngaphandle vivinyo. Indlela banikele DNA futhi lokho vivinyo, ngani kulesi sihloko.

Kwezinye izimo-ke kuyadingeka ukuba baphumelele isivivinyo zofuzo?

• esungula ubuyise. Lena yimbangela ejwayelekile kakhulu ezidlulayo ukuhlaziywa ebizayo. Lokhu kubalulekile ukuba ningabi nje kuphela amadoda, okuyinto ukuphonsa isibopho ukufundisa izingane zabanye abantu, kodwa abesifazane eyayinecilongo temerity ukuze ubudlelwano obuseduze abalingani ezahlukene endaweni esifushane.
• izifo Ukubambezeleka. Uma emkhayeni abe nempilo yabantu esindayo, abazali esizayo bafuna ukuxwayisa ingane yakho yokulwa nezifo ngokuhlonza iphesenti nezici ezithile. amasu ukuhlaziya DNA akhethiwe ngabanye onekhono.
• Ukusungula ubuhlobo. Izintandane bazimisele ukuthola abazali babo, futhi ukuhlolwa zofuzo anganikeza uhlu izihlobo Kusolakala emhlabeni wonke.
• Definition of ethnos. Ngosizo ukuhlaziywa DNA zingatholakala okuqondene isizwe esithile.
• Isifiso ukuthola okhokho abadumile. Namuhla sekuwumkhuba ukuzama ukuthola izihlobo abacebile nabadumile phakathi tsars Russian nababusi angaphandle.

Kunoma yikuphi, i-database emelelwa kakhulu ngezinga elikhulu lamaJuda abaseSweden, Irish, amaJalimane kancane ngabantu Slavic.

Indlela banikele DNA? izinhlobo amasampula

Abaseshi kwembule ukuthi ekutholweni ubuyise e imitholampilo yezempilo ukuze uthole ukuhlaziya DNA kuyadingeka ngamathe, izinwele nezinzipho nguyise Kusolakala nengane. Ekuphileni okungokoqobo, ungakwazi avivinye zofuzo izibhedlela ekhaya. Ukuze ukuhlaziywa igazi ofanelekile umthambo, isidoda, ngamathe, isikhumba amaseli (burrs) noma izinwele izimpande. Abanye ochwepheshe asetshenziswa lezi zifundo, imisipha izicubu, izixubho, izinqamu zikagwayi ngasuka kugwayi, gum, izinwele ikamu, nsingo, isidoda kanye igazi ezingutsheni zabo.

Igazi umunwe noma umthambo ukuze iqashwe esiswini esingenalutho. Ukuqoqwa ngamathe futhi kwenzeka tube phambi ukuxubha amazinyo. Uma ufuna ukwenza i-Ukuhlolwa kwe-DNA futhi kungesemehlweni yimuphi umuntu, khona-ke thatha izibonelo eziphawulwe ngenhla of amagilavu yezokwelapha noma usebenzise udlawana ahlanzekile, ephepheni.

Kusukela umuntu oyedwa badinga amasampula ezimbalwa DNA ukuze uthole umphumela olunembile. Phambili kufanele ibe iphepha imvilophi. Qaphela ukuthi kule izixubho ezimanzi, gum, insingo nezinye izinto emvilophini ayikwazi ukubeka. Linda, lapho kukhona ezomile.

Ukuqoqwa ngamathe ekhaya. ubuchwepheshe besimanje

Indlela Yokwenza ukuhlaziywa DNA yendlu? Thola isikhungo sokunakekela impilo futhi wenze ukulethwa amashubhu ekhethekile. Ngaphezu kwalokho ukuqoqa impahla edingekayo izigubhu ehlukile futhi uyithumele ngeposi, courier noma mpahla emtholampilo. Ngamathe ingalandwa kanje:

• amagilavu yezokwelapha, thatha ishidi ohlanzekile iphepha bese ugoba kane;
• ukunweba iphepha bese uthatha swab ukotini;
• Wand swayipha ebusweni mucosal olimi nezihlathi;
• ke bese uswayipha emphethweni ishidi;
• wakufaka emphethweni Wand yakhe bese ugoba iphepha;
• uyibhala wena ungakhohlwa ukubhala igama lakho phezulu.

Qaphela ukuthi izandla, ngaphandle amagilavu futhi Scrap izinto, amasampula ungathathi futhi musa uwafake izikhwama zepulasitiki, kuphela ukulungele tube noma iphepha ezimvilophini.

Ukuze sithole urological, izifo eziningi izifo zabesifazane kanye zamagciwane engcono yokusebenzisa i-PCR umtshina ukuthi ngokushesha nangokunembile ukunquma imiphumela.

Kungenzeka yini ukuba ngihlolelwe zofuzo kwabesifazane abakhulelwe?

Indlela ukuthatha ukuhlolwa DNA kwabesifazane abakhulelwe? Ngaphambi ukwenza wokubhoboza of ulwelwesi lokufeza ezimbalwa ezibonakalayo, kodwa ke kukhona usongo ekuphileni kwengane. Manje ukuzimisela ubuyise kungenzeka ngesonto 9th yokukhulelwa ngaphandle ingozi empilweni umbungu kanye nonina. Lokhu kubizwa ngokuthi yi-non-koda kokubeletha DNA kokuhlahlela ubuyise.

Ngenxa yalesi yokuhlola, owesifazane noyise Kuthiwa uthatha igazi umthambo (umama - 20 ml i-amadoda - 10 ml). Uma ufuna ukuhlola ubuyise ngaphakathi amadoda ambalwa, egazini labo bonke ababambiqhaza shall kanyekanye.

Kwatholakala ukuthi isakhiwo umzanyana iyafana DNA ingane. Ngakho-ke, lapho amaseli placenta afe futhi awela egazini likamama, bese ngosizo eziyinkimbinkimbi bioinformatic algorithm DNA fetus ikhishwe futhi osungulwe ubuhlobo noyise.

Uma ufuna ukuthola ubukhona yisiphi isifo, kwanele amaconsi ambalwa igazi umunwe. Ukuhlolwa kwe-DNA singakwazi ukubona abangaphezu kuka-25 ezifweni ezimbi (isifo senhliziyo nasemasosheni omzimba, umdlavuza, ukukhuluphala, isifo sikashukela, migraine, njll).

Izinhlobo ukuhlolwa zofuzo izindleko zabo

Ukuhlolwa kwe-DNA - inqubo eqolo. Lapho bebaningi abantu abazisebenzisayo abathintekayo esivivinyweni zofuzo, ezibizayo kuzobiza nawe assays. Uma ufuna ukwenza ukuhlolwa ngaphandle abantu, indlela ukuthatha DNA kulokhu? Thola ezindaweni, uma benza ukuhlaziywa kwezakhi kwezihloko (nezinwele ikamu, iduku izimbici, izixubho nokunye. D.), Khumbula ukuthi akuwona wonke imitholampilo abe uhla egcwele services.

I zinhlobo ezilandelayo ekuhlolweni:

• Ubaba wengane abiza i isilinganiso ruble ayizigidi 8-15.
• Ukusungula ubuhlobo kokubili abazali kanye nengane (ren) kuyinto esifundeni ruble ayizigidi 9-11.
• Ingane yolibofuzo kuthola khona abafowethu nodade. Le nqubo izobiza okuyisilinganiso sabangu-ruble ayizigidi 13-24. Uma ufuna ukuqala ukuba khona ubuhlobo phakathi izihlobo abasolwa, novivinyo olunjalo kungadla ruble ayizigidi 16-27.
• ukuhlolwa Avankulyarny kwembula umalume nokuzwelana nomalumekazi, futhi izobiza ruble ayizigidi 13-17.
• Ukusungula ubuhlobo nomkhulu izobiza ruble ayizigidi 13-19.
• ukuhlolwa DNA ezifanayo futhi twins anobuhlobo izobiza ruble ayizigidi 9-18.
• ukuhlolwa Mitochondrial emgqeni komama izobiza ruble ayizigidi 23-36.

Ivelaphi ukuhlolwa DNA?

Ukuze siqhube isivivinyo nganoma yisiphi umtholampilo, okuyinto waziphatha ukucwaninga ngofuzo.

Sicela uqaphele ukuthi akuzona zonke izivivinyo ukuziphatha DNA, laboratories eziningi zisebenzisa amasevisi angaphandle emtholampilo eRussia. Ngenxa izindleko kungaba eqolo, kodwa ethembekile. Iqiniso ukuthi ukuhlolwa self-iyala phesheya, izincwadi eziningi wabuyela emuva iklayenti ngokuqondene inqubomgomo yeposi.

DNA Ukuhlaziywa isikhathi kungenzeka kusukela ezinsukwini ezingu-4 kuya kwezingu-10. Rush oda izindleko siphakeme kakhulu kunalokhu. Ukukhetha isikhungo angaphandle, ubone ngamehlo akho, ngoba ukuhlolwa DNA abantu nje kuphela kodwa futhi izilwane.