Imithetho: indlela elizofinyezwa inombolo ezindaweni ezimbili zamadesimali

Esifundweni sezibalo okuthiwa operation ukuqoqa, okuyinto kunciphisa inani lezinhlamvu kuhlanganise esebenzisa esikhundleni sabo, kucatshangelwa imithetho ethile. Uma unesithakazelo umbuzo kanjani elizofinyezwa inombolo ezindaweni ezimbili zamadesimali, kufanele kuqala ukubhekana nazo zonke imithetho ekhona ukuqoqa. Kunezindlela eziningana ongakhetha kuzona ukuthi elizofinyezwa off izinombolo:

1. Izibalo - asetshenziswe intuthuko ezakhamuzini zaleli dolobha. Ekhuluma inani izakhamuzi owanibiza kuphela i value eseduze hhayi sibalo esiqondile.
2. Isigamu - ukuqoqa isigamu uya eseduze ngisho inombolo.
3. Ukuqoqa enombolweni ezincane (round zero) - lena ukuqoqa elula lapho ukulahla kwamadijithi "extra".
4. Ukuqoqa nenani eliphakeme - uma zikhona izimpawu ufuna elizofinyezwa, hhayi zero ke inombolo babanjwa. Le ndlela isetshenziswa abahlinzeki noma opharetha mobile.
5. A non-zero ukuqoqa - izinombolo zimikiswa ngokuvumelana nemithetho, kodwa lapho umphumela kufanele kube 0 ke ukuqoqa kwenziwa "kusukela ekuqaleni".
6. I kushintshana ukuqoqa - lapho N + u-1 ilingana 5, inani badedelane is babanjwa kule aphansi, ohlangothini okukhulu.

Ngokwesibonelo, udinga elizofinyezwa inombolo 21,837 kuya kumakhulukhulu. Ngemva ukuqoqa impendulo yakho elilungile kufanele 21,84. Chaza ukuthi kungani. Umfanekiso 8 likhona ukudedelwa yeshumi, Ngakho-ke, ngo-ukudedelwa 3 kumakhulukhulu, futhi 7 - engamakhulu. 7 ezingaphezu kuka 5, ngakho ukwandisa 3-ku 1, okungukuthi, kuze kube 4. Kulula uma wazi imithetho embalwa:

1. Lesi sakamuva azigcina sibalo liphuma komunye uma kwenzeka ukuthi eyaqala ngo phambi ke - ezingaphezu kuka 5. Uma isibalo singamaphesenti 5, ngemva kwaso zikhona ezinye nezinye izibalo, i-langaphambilini futhi kukhuphuke ngo-1.

Ngokwesibonelo, kudingeka wokuqoqa ukuba okweshumi: 54.69 = 54.7, noma 7.357 = 7.4.

Uma ubuzwa umbuzo mayelana nendlela elizofinyezwa inombolo ezindaweni ezimbili zamadesimali, benza okucishe kufane ukuze okulesi simo esingenhla.

2. Lesi sakamuva unawo sibalo uhlala ingashintshiwe uma kuqala ukhonkolo, esimelela phambi wokuthi imfushane kunalokho 5.

Isibonelo: 96.71 = 96.7.

3. lokugcina izinombolo agcinwe zihlala zinjalo, inqobo ukuthi ngisho, futhi uma eyaqala - inombolo 5, futhi ngemva kwaso awusekho izibalo. Uma zigcine ukuthola - lingalingani, it is kukhuphuke ngo-1.

Izibonelo: 84,45 = 63,75 = 84,4 noma 63,8.

Phawula. Ezikoleni eziningi, abafundi ukunikeza inguqulo lula imithetho Ukuqoqa, ngakho kufanele agcine lokhu engqondweni. Bona zonke izibalo zihlala zinjalo, uma ziya emva izinombolo kusukela 0 kuya 4 kanye luyanda 1, inqobo nje uma kukhona inombolo kusuka 5 kuya 9. Ngokufanele uxazulule izinkinga nge ukubopha ngokuvumelana nezimiso eziqinile, kodwa uma isikole ahlala inguqulo lula, lo ukuze kugwenywe ukungaqondi kahle kufanele unamathele kulo. Sithemba ukuthi ngeke baqonde indlela elizofinyezwa inombolo ezindaweni ezimbili okubala ngeshumi.

Ukuqoqa out ukuphila kubalulekile Ukuze kube lula ukusebenza ngezinombolo nesiqondiso ukunemba. Ngaleso sikhathi samanje kwakukhona definition ezinjalo, njengoba i anti-ukuqoqa. Ngokwesibonelo, lapho kubalwa amavoti kwanoma iyiphi izinombolo ucwaningo round abhekwa ifomu embi. Izitolo futhi usebenzise anti-ukuqoqa ukudala umbono abathengi ngamanani esihle (isibonelo, ukubhala 199 esikhundleni 200). Sithemba ukuthi umbuzo kanjani elizofinyezwa izinombolo kumakhulukhulu noma eshumini, manje ungaphendula ngokwakho.