Imbobo thoracic: anatomy. Uhlelo lymph. lymph

Kubantu, kukhona ezintathu zezinhlobo zemikhumbi. Ngamunye wabo eyenza umsebenzi obalulekile. Lezi zihlanganisa lemithambo emithanjeni kwemigudu ye-lymph. Zonke lezi zokwakheka zitholakala wonke umzimba. izitsha pooling eyeqile lymph ukuqoqa uketshezi kumiswa ngamunye ezicacile zomzimba. With ukuthuthukiswa okuvimba kukhona ukwephulwa abalulekile. Ngakho-ke, kubalulekile ukuthi begazi outflow woketshezi njalo kwenziwe.

Imbobo thoracic lymph - siyini lesi umzimba?

Njengoba yaziwa, ukwakheka lymph ezihlobene izitho kwesimiso somzimba sokuzivikela ezifweni. Kubalulekile kakhulu, ngenxa yomsebenzi walo kuncike ikhono alwe ejenti ezihlukahlukene ezithathelwanayo. Omunye izitho ngobukhulu kohlelo ubhekwa imbobo thoracic. ubude bayo zokhahlamba kusuka 30 kuya 40 cm Injongo eyinhloko yale umzimba -. Ingabe ukuqoqwa lymph kuzo zonke izakhiwo yokwakheka.

Ngokusho isakhiwo histological we imbobo thoracic ungathi izicubu emithambo yegazi. Indawo yayo kwangaphakathi uphahlwe endothelium (njengoba nezinye izitsha). Ngenxa kuyingxenye Ubuye imicu enwebekayo yezicubu kuyi-collagen. Esikhathini igobolondo kwangaphakathi kukhona ukugeleza valve. Ngosizo lwabo, izindlala zamanzi ihamba phezulu. Isendlalelo phakathi iqukethe thoracic imbobo bushelelezi kwemisipha izicubu. Ngakho, ithoni inakekelwa futhi kwenziwe ukunciphisa umzimba. imbobo Ngaphandle siqukethe zezinzwa izicubu zesivikelo sesifuba. Ezingeni odongeni beso umzimba sikhula.

I Ukwakheka kohlelo lymph

Uhlelo lymph linendima ebalulekile emzimbeni. Kuyadingeka ukuba asivikele imithi enobungozi. imbobo thoracic, kanye izitsha ISIZINDA kukhona izinhlaka izivikeli mzimba. Ngakho-ke, ngo-ukuthuthukiswa ukuvuvukala, lezi zokwakheka sebeqala ukusebenza isigqi eqinile. Ngaphezu kwalokho, izitho lymph zihlobene yisimiso senhliziyo nemithambo yegazi. Siyabonga kubo izakhi lingene egazini. Uhlelo elabekwa kanje:

1. capillary lymph. Ngokwakha lezi zakhiwo efana emithanjeni, kodwa ngaphakathi kwezindonga zabo kukhona ohlabayo. Capillary ayatholakala isitho ngasinye futhi yakha inethiwekhi. Bona ingena uketshezi interstitial, kanye wonke amaprotheni adingekayo kanye amafutha.
2. Zamanzi. Basuke etholakala eduze uhlaka emithanjeni yegazi ngamunye. I elihlanza lymph node kwenzeka - zokuhlunga. izinto ezilimazayo futhi ezinobuthi kukhona inactivated. ISIZINDA ubheke izitho kwesimiso somzimba sokuzivikela ezifweni, njengoba akhiqizwa lymphocyte. La mangqamuzana kudingeka ukulwa izinto ezithwala izifo.
3. kwemigudu ye-lymph. Zikuxhuma capillary kanye ISIZINDA sixhumene. imikhumbi ephakeme ziqondiswe izinhlangano ezinkulu - mapayipi. Kukhona zanqwabelana inqwaba lymph kuqoqwa zonke izinkampani. Khona-ke wenza ukucutshungulwa yayo, ngemva kwalokho-ke ewela ohlelweni emithambo yegazi. imbobo thoracic iqoqa uketshezi kwesokunxele engenhla isigamu umzimba kanye izitho zangaphakathi.
4. Ubende. Ukwenza umsebenzi edepho kwegazi.
5. Ilungelo imbobo ye-lymph. Ngo kuzoba uketshezi lapho esisele izakhiwo yokwakheka. Phakathi kwabo - ilungelo esitho elingenhla, uhhafu ikhanda nentamo.
6. Thymus ndlala - thymus. Lesi sitho is kahle ezinganeni. Kuyo kukhona kumiswa ukubulawa amasosha omzimba - T-lymphocyte.
7. Amalaka.
8. Lymph - uketshezi ukuthi ukhiphela ngokusebenzisa izitsha iziqu, egeleza phakathi mapayipi.

Zonke lezi zokwakheka kuhlobene. Endabeni ka umonakalo ka omunye esikhula ezingxenyeni ezithile zesimiso lymph iziyaluyalu kuthinte nezinye izingxenye zalo ingxenye. Ngenxa yalokho, ukwephula zenzeka kuwo wonke umzimba.

Inkambo imbobo thoracic: anatomy

Ngo ukwakheka imbobo thoracic abathintekayo kwesokunxele nakwesokudla lumbar lymph isiqu. Okungukuthi, kwakheka umzimba esikhaleni retroperitoneal. Lapho imbobo thoracic iqala futhi lapho uwa? Iziqu kwesokudla noma kwesokunxele iyahlanganiswa nomunye ezingeni phakathi zokugcina (12) no-2 webele lumbar vertebra. Abanye abantu imbobo thoracic uthululela esitsheni namanje 1-3. Lokhu iziqu emathunjini, efferent lymph node we mesentery.

Ezingeni ukugeleza diaphragm ihlukaniswe yaba izingxenye 2 - i-besisu futhi thoracic. Kumiswa inethiwekhi wokuqala mesenteric, celiac kanye lumbar zamanzi. Ezimweni eziningi, ingxenye ventral we imbobo has a Isigaxa emise (ampullate) isandiso - ithangi. Lokhu izakhiwo yokwakheka exhunywe kwi nomlenze wesokunene diaphragm. Ngenxa yalesi ngokuphefumula lymph bephushelwa up.

Le ngxenye thoracic we imbobo liqala orifice yomthambo i-aorta elise diaphragm. Fika 3-5 vertebra isitsha kuphambuka kuze kufike ohlangothini lwesobunxele. Ngokuhamba flow Iwele bronhomediastinalny, jugular futhi subclavian lymph iziqu. Bona ukuqoqa uketshezi ngesandla sokunxele ingxenye esifubeni, entanyeni ekhanda. Ezingeni vertebra isitsha 7 lwakha arc. Khona-ke imbobo thoracic uthululela ku kwesokunxele engela emithambo yegazi. Ngomlomo isitsha linanomgudu. Kuyadingeka ukuvimbela ukulahlwa igazi kusukela uhlelo emithambo yegazi.

Indawo lymph imbobo thoracic

Ukuma Kwamazwe imbobo thoracic - kuyinto indawo emzimbeni maqondana nezinye izakhiwo yokwakheka. Besisu ingxenye yaleli isitsha esikhulu obangela emphinjeni kanye phambi ikholomu umgogodla. Engena phakathi ngalo ingaphakathi esifubeni, imbobo engena mediastinum posterior. Nanguya phakathi aorta kanye azygos emthanjeni. Ngezinye 2-3 thoracic amathambo ukugeleza ephuma emphinjeni futhi kunqoba.

Phambi kwalo kukhona: subclavian kwesokunxele Vienna, ezivamile carotid Umthambo futhi emsipheni vagus. Ngakho, umzimba uku mediastinum engenhla. Ukuze kwesokunxele ukugeleza iyona pleura, emhlane - yomgogodla, futhi ngakwesokudla - emphinjeni. kwakhiwa Arc imbobo thoracic is on ezingeni semithambo - vein jugular futhi ezivamile carotid Umthambo. Uya emhlabeni Dome pleural, bese okungena emlonyeni. Kukhona umzimba iwela kwesokunxele engela emithambo yegazi.

Imisebenzi ye-imbobo thoracic

imbobo thoracic yenza imisebenzi elandelayo:

1. Injongo eyinhloko yale umzimba - uqoqa uketshezi interstitial kusuka izibilini uhhafu kwesokunxele emzimbeni.
2. Dlulisa amaprotheni ebalulekile ohlelweni emithambo yegazi.
3. Esikhathini lymphatics emathunjini futhi zingene kanye amafutha. Base lingene egazini.
4. Ukuhlunga lymph. ISIZINDA neziteshi uketshezi is bahlanza of izinto eziyingozi.
5. Ukwakheka B-lymphocyte, owenza umsebenzi okuvikela umzimba.

Kufanele kuqashelwe ukuthi imbobo thoracic abakwazi ukuzenzela umathanda. imisebenzi yayo kwenziwe ngesikhathi umsebenzi kahle ehlelekile zonke izingxenye izivikeli mzimba.

Indawo ye-lymph emzimbeni

Ngokusekelwe yokuthi ukuthi ukwakha kanjani anatomy of imbobo thoracic, kungenzeka ukuba baqonde lapho kukhona izitsha zitholakala. Basuke asezindaweni ezikahle kulo lonke umzimba. Lymph semithambo plexus ehlukana kuzo zonke izakhiwo yokwakheka. Ngokulandelayo, baya kanye emithanjeni yegazi. Eduze isitho ngasinye kunamaqembu zamanzi. liquid Bona begazi ahlanganiswe ukubulawa amasosha omzimba. Node kwakheka imithambo efferent ekuleli iziqu lymph. Ngakwelinye ihlangothi, lezi zakhiwo ihlangana zibe nelungelo futhi uvule imbobo thoracic. Ngaphezu kwalokho kukhona elibona nxazonke lymph kanye igazi emithanjeni yakhe.

Ukunqotshwa kwe-imbobo thoracic: Izimpawu

Kuye ezingeni lymph ukugeleza kungabonakala nasemkhakheni ukubonakaliswa emitholampilo ahlukahlukene. Lokhu umzimba kungokwalabo izakhiwo yokwakheka ebalulekile, ngakho ukulimala ukuthi umkhumbi kudinga ukunakekelwa esiphuthumayo kuhlinzwa. Ngaphansi lesion nayo kuhlongozwe imbobo ukuvaleka noma ukuvuvukala nodonga lwawo. Izimpawu ezilandelayo kungenzeka:

1. Imisipha ubuhlungu nokuphelelwa amandla.
2. Neuralgia.
3. iziyaluyalu ukusebenza ukusebenza amathumbu, isisu emphinjeni.
4. Ukuncipha komzimba noma, kunalokho, ukwanda isisindo.
5. Izifo ukuvuvukala we elingenhla zokuphefumula ipheshana nobuchopho ulwelwesi.
6. disorder umzimba.
7. Pathology Cutaneous.
8. Nezinwele ohlangothini ethintekile.
9. Arrhythmia.

Tifo letibangwa lymph kanye ISIZINDA: Ihlahlubo

Ngo Izifo ukuvuvukala, imigudu ye-lymph kanye ISIZINDA yini ukwandisa ngobukhulu. Kungase kube waphawula hyperemia nowasekhaya lokushisa ukwanda. ISIZINDA babe palpation luthe ukuqina imakwe ukungakhululeki. Uma usola izinqubo anomdlavuza e-lymph izitho biopsy nokuhlaziya histological. Futhi ngoba izindlela zokuxilonga zihlanganisa ultrasound, tomography ekhompyutha.

Ukuze lapho udokotela ucele esolwa thoracic imbobo isifo?

Njengoba izifo ezithathelwana njalo ukuvuvukala yaleli pheshana yokuphefumula, isikhumba, muscle and intercostal ezinzwa kufanele kudokotela. Ukuxilonga zokugula we imbobo thoracic, ungasebenzisa ucwaningo lymphography ekhethekile. Uma usola ukuthi yisihlungu noma awe inqubo oncologic kumele uxhumane GP yakho, ngubani phambili Iphrofayili udokotela (kwezokugoma, Oncology, umelaphi).