Ikhwalithi isici Lockheed iC-130 Hercules. US ezokuthutha izindiza zempi Lockheed iC-130 Hercules

Lockheed iC-130 Hercules ekuqaleni yakhelwe njengoba lixuku-yenethiwekhi, kodwa iye ingashintshwa ukuze ezihlukahlukene imisebenzi. Lezi zihlanganisa imisebenzi ekhethekile (ngesikhathi kwaleli chibi futhi kokwehla), eduze emoyeni ukwesekwa nokuhlukaniswa kwemihlambi endaweni impi, ukonga isikhala amaphilisi, ukucinga bese ekugcineni ukutakulwa, emoyeni refueling, imephu, isimo sezulu kanye intelligence, namakhamera okuqapha, ukucima umlilo, ukuphepha sishaye, ukusiza ezinhlekeleleni zemvelo, nokunye. d.

Okwamanje, izindiza Lockheed Hercules esetshenziselwa ngendiza Tactical ngaphakathi enkundleni yemidlalo yase-imisebenzi. Lokhu naphakathi-range izindiza ukwazi suka kusuka emhlabathini Amabha engalingani kanye ezokuthutha esiyinhloko indiza imishini endaweni zempi.

Umlando sokudalwa

Agasti 23, 1954, kwaba khona corporation Lockheed Martin ukwenze indiza yokuhlola ye indiza yc-130A. Yena ngendiza Burbank, California, lapho kukhona izindiza ukwakhiwa amabhizinisi "Skunk Emikhulu Kakhulu 'ukuze base emoyeni," Edwards ". prototypes ezimbili kuphela zathathwa, kanye asele 2 500 aircrafts ekhiqizwa e Marietta, GA.

Imodeli kuqala kwakungumprofethi C-130A turboprop izinjini nge ezine Allison T56-A-9 futhi ophephela emithathu bladed. Linani selilonkhe lebantfu labange amayunithi 219 bayalwa. Ibhanoyi lokuqala ukukhiqizwa landizela on April 7, 1955, kanye ukudiliva kwaqala ngo-December 1956 futhi ezimbili DC-130A, yayikwazi ukuthwala ugijime underwing pylons kufika ezine ezakhiwa unmanned izimoto zasemoyeni. imishini Special esikhiphekayo, okuvumela ukuba usebenzise izindiza njengoba iloli, ehlalisa 5 Pallets ejwayelekile, izimoto lokushaya (AC-130) noma i-ambulensi.

Ngemva ngemuva kokuqala ukukhiqizwa "Hercules" engaphezu kwamashumi ayisithupha Uphule wonke amarekhodi isikhathi ukukhululwa kwe izindiza zokuthutha impahla yempi. Sekukonke, bangaphezu kuka-2500 ekhiqizwa iC-130. Indiza njengamanje usebenzela emazweni 68.

izici eziyinhloko "Hercules" yokuqala yilena elandelayo:

• Ubude - 29,3 m.
• Ukuphakama - 11.4 m.
• Namaphiko - 39,7 amamitha.
• Speed - 600 km / h futhi endaweni engamamitha 6000 m.
• Ceiling - 10 000 m nge nomthwalo amathani 45.
• Take-off isisindo - 37,65 m.
• Umkhawulo izinga isici Lockheed C-130A uyalingana 17.

USAF

"Hercules» C-130B wafakwa ukusebenza ngo-June 1959. Ubude 134 amayunithi ayenziwa. Model B kwahluka turboprop Allison T56-A-7, 4 izindwani kungenziwa uthuthwa kwamaphiko isamba esengeziwe sika-fuel namandla chassis. Eziningana C-130B yasetshenziswa ukuze ucime imililo futhi namanje phezu US National Guard arsenal. Ngo-1961, izindiza eziyisithupha baguquka umoya nciphisa kwesimo endaweni mkhathi.

Ngokwesibonelo, phakathi nempi yaseVietnam, abanye C-130A kushintshiwe ukuhlasela izindiza AC-130. Ngaphezu ohlangothini 20 mm Vulcan inganono futhi 7.62mm izinzwa Miniguns base ifakiwe, izinjongo bangabonwa futhi uhlelo embonweni wasebusuku, futhi ibhodi uhlelo phambili ngifuna FLIR infrared.

A onobuhle ambalwa, uqambe kabusha C-130D, ziye ahlome chassis usebenze-Arctic, kanye ubuyise ujenga yesixwayiso. eqhweni ezimbili eziyinhloko 6 m ubude, 1.8 m ububanzi futhi nesisindo 907 kg ngalinye. Acinene ski unamahlangothi 3 kuya 1.8 m. D imodeli futhi lase lenyuke fuel futhi kwaba ifakwe kwedivayisi kwamanethiwekhi esisheshayo JATO ukusuka. Lalisetshenziswa National Guard futhi kamuva Limiselelwe LC-130H.

onobuhle kwakamuva

C-130E kuyinto ukuguqulwa C-130B ebangeni elide. Linani selilonkhe lebantfu labange 369 izindiza eziye ngaphambilini, ukulethwa olwaqala ngo-Ephreli 1962, iMisa esiphezulu imodeli yokupaka liye landa amathani 70.307, okuyinto 9.072 amathani kunalaba ukuguqulwa B. ithangi Okokhelekayo namandla athe xaxa okwengamela ukuze amathani 7.711. Kwakukhona izinjini ezinamandla angaphezu Allison T -56-a-7A kanye pair of yangaphandle tank umthamo 5.148 amalitha ngaphansi kwamaphiko therebetween. Ukushintsha isakhiwo iphiko, ukuqeda ukukhathala imodeli ukugqwala, selule ukuphila indiza ngekhulu xxi.

ukulungiswa okunjalo E C-130H entsha turboprop izinjini T56-A-T5, esikhundleni Avionics efakiwe, ushintshe iphiko, nokunye. N. Ukudiliva saqala ngo-July 1974, Ubude uyakhile ezingaphezu kuka-350 izindiza C-130H nemikhiqizo yalo. Le modeli isibe omkhulu kunayo yonke ingxolo ekupheleni 1979 oda ngenxa yeqhaza layo ukukhiqizwa safinyelela amayunithi 565.

C-130J yilona ukuguqulwa yakamuva ye-izindiza. Kuyashesha, ukonga ngaphezulu, indiza ephakeme futhi aqhelelane kakhulu, futhi siqala futhi lihlala phezu emapheshana emifushane. Umsebenzi omkhulu babé Avionics digital, umbala multi-function LCD ubonisa, kungabe kusadingeka inertial navigation system, a sasilokhu digital ne-GPS. Indiza ifakwe kuhlanganiswe ngokugcwele uhlelo ukuphepha, energy esisindisa umbala radar, 4 entsha turboprop izinjini-Rolls-Royce AE 2100D3 amandla 3424 kW ngamunye, ophephela ayisithupha bladed nge ububanzi 4.11 m.

Khulisa kahle

Quality isici Lockheed iC-130, futhi nalo petrol nekghono, inkampani izama ukwandisa ngenxa ukwandisa lift futhi ukunciphisa uhudula indiza. Inqubekela osekuzuziwe ngezithukuthuku mikrostabilizatorov, winglets futhi lift distribution system.

Mikrostabilizatory kukhona Esiqeshaneni phezu fuselage, ekunciphiseni swirls zemvelo. Zinciphisa umthwalo emzimbeni futhi likuvumela ukuhlasela ukusakaza umsila aphume abanakusithola stabilizers zendawo zendabuko.

Distribution uhlelo lift evusa isici izinga Lockheed iC-130 ngokuvusa ailerons athula console umthwalo ukufuduka maqondana nendawo futhi ngokunciphisa isidingo sokusebenzisa fuel ukunciphisa iphiko eguqa. Lokhu kwenza ukuba ukwandisa isisindo esiphezulu wezimpahla ku-C-130H ngu-21% kanye no-C-130J - 10%.

Design ekupheleni airfoil noma winglets, futhi kusiza ukunciphisa ukuhudula ukwandisa isici izinga Lockheed iC-130. Lokhu kuphumela 1-3% fuel savings, noma 4 amaphesenti ukwanda indiza ibanga ukuze C-130J.

Navy futhi US Marine Corps

C-130 "Hercules" ngokokuqala langena US Navy ngo-1960, lapho 4 izindiza efika 130F ukwenza imisebenzi e-Antarctic. Lezi eqhweni ifakwe "Hercules" ulandzelwe masinyane 46 onobuhle KC-130F, sithenge yi Marine Corps ngo-1962 ukuba asebenze njengomxhumanisi ezokuthutha nokushaya ngamaloli izindiza i fighter futhi ukuhlasela izindiza. Ngawo lowo nyaka Navy wathola 7 C-130F amayunithi ngaphandle imishini ukuze afeze imisebenzi yezokuthutha. KC-130F wenza indiza yayo yokuqala test ngo-January 1960. Inguqulo ngamaloli kungaba kanyekanye ugcwalise amalitha amabili izindiza 13.627 uphethiloli kusukela gumbi wezimpahla. Okokhelekayo wumnikezeli ezimbili esikhiphekayo refueling amasayithi esisogwini pylons underwing.

Ngo-1965, lempi ezokuthutha izindiza US Navy agcwaliswa eziningana C-130G ukwesekwa ngwenya "Polaris" futhi esikhundleni sabo nabasebenza. Njengoba e F imodeli, banayo amandla kwesakhiwo Kwandiswa, okuvumela ukwandisa Inkokhelo. Kuzo zonke izinguqulo nezisebenzi gumbi kanye wezimpahla gumbi uphawu, ifakwe uhlelo for refueling futhi Doppler navigation. Abane kulaba aircrafts Kamuva Ushintshe transponder izindiza TACAMO futhi uqambe kabusha EC-130G. Uma they sondela esikhundleni E-6A, amayunithi ezintathu baguquka ukuthutha (Nokho ngaphandle kummango wezimpahla) TC-130G.

Enye imodeli, EC-130Q, waba behlome ngemibese squadrons ezimbili VQ. It wamiswa umsakazo, futhi wenza njengoba izindiza nezokuxhumana zamasu kanye ngwenya nge ezicitshwayo ballistic.

izibalo

Bangaphezu kuka-145 "Hercules" izindiza yasetshenziswa ngesikhathi imisebenzi "Ugwadule Isihlangu" futhi "Ugwadule Storm." Bona zithutha amayunithi ukuze phambili izisekelo. Ngo-August 10, 1990 ku-sekubekwe ngaphakathi zone nomthwalo iC-130 ezenziwe 46,500 izindiza, athuthwe ezingaphezu kuka 209 ayizinkulungwane. Abantu futhi 300 ayizinkulungwane. Amathani wezimpahla. Ngemva nje kokugqashuka impi nezindiza zempi American basekela yokudla, ukuthuthwa kwabantu ngenxa yengozi wezokwelapha, futhi ukuhamba wezindlela. Phakathi angu-100 phansi ezisekelwe iC-130 umkhankaso, wenza kuka-500 ukulwa nokuhlasela ngosuku.

Izici

C-130 design uyindawo ezahlukene phansi, sise uhlangothi iloli, ezingemuva isitebhisi ovundlile, kanye unscreened, uphawu wezimpahla gumbi, okungase ngokushesha reconfigured ukuthutha amasosha, kwalimala noma abagibeli. "Hercules" lungasetshenziswa for kokufika amabutho kanye nemishini, kanye ukulethwa imithwalo esindayo nge emachibini ongaphakeme usebenzisa isizinda parachutes.

ukubambelela wezimpahla

C-130 okuthwala kg umthwalo ezingaphezu kuka 19.051. I ezinamasondo phansi unike amandla handling kuyashesha futhi kulula Pallets wezimpahla angasuswa ukushiya surface flat, uma kunesidingo. emathileyi Five (plus entry Pallet ngoba umthwalo) lingalayishwa ungene izindiza ngomnyango main kummango-hydraulically eziqhutshwa, sise ezingemuva indiza. Kumpambuko ingaphinda sehliselwe phansi ukulayisha futhi athula izimoto ezinamasondo. nokufakwa Attachable zokubhala ukwenza indlela yokuphepha wezimpahla zitholakala kulo lonke bay.

Ekhuluma ewukuhlakanipha okwenziwe indiza umgibeli kusho iC-130 "Hercules" angazamukela 92 noma u-64 commando isosha igiya egcwele lapho kwakubusa ohlangothini. Indima impilo izindiza ke okuthwala 74 stretchers ne eyayilimele futhi ogulayo, kanye nezifundiswa ezimbili zezempilo.

athula

indiza ezokuthutha Military inikeza izindlela ezintathu eziyisisekelo emoyeni ukulethwa ngamathuluzi nangezinto zokwakha:

• Esimweni sokuqala ukuba Isisindo 19.051 kg kabusha parachutes okuyinto evulekile emva kokushiya gumbi wezimpahla.
• Indlela yesibili, ngokuthi isitsha ukulethwa uhlelo kabusha phakathi bale enesisindo 16 kuya ku-998 kg ngalinye isebenzisa amandla adonsela phansi. Ngemva bale zokugcina ushiya izindiza, i-parachute kuvula futhi umthwalo sehliselwe phansi.
• Ngo indlela yesithathu, kg umthwalo osenyameni 17.237 ukhiphe kusukela wezimpahla izindiza parachutes esikhulu lapho indiza 1,5-3 m ngaphezu komhlabathi. Ngemva ngokuhambisa kafushane umthwalo izitobhi.

Wings nophethiloli amathangi

Ngokugcwele amaphiko cantilever zihlanganisa ezine eziyinhloko nasizayo fuel amathangi amabili. Amabili ithangi zangaphandle ukukhwezwa ngaphansi kwamaphiko. Lokhu iC-130 unikeza kungenzeka ukuba baphathe 36.075 amalitha nophethiloli.

chassis

Kushintshwe amathathu kokwehla igiya siqukethe phambi kanye pair of Ngohlelo amasondo main futhi ivumela izindiza bahlinza anolaka, zezindiza ungakulungele. Amasondo main kubuyiswe thwi ku fairings fuselage futhi acinene phinda phambili phakathi fuselage. Ngaphambili kokwehla igiya eyakhelwe amandla ayo.

kagesi ugesi

Amandla Lockheed iC-130 Hercules H enikeziwe ukushintshwa ezinhlanu amandla alternator 40 kVA. Abane babo eliqhutshwa izinjini, futhi omunye eziqhutshwa kweyunithi amandla asizayo (APU). Kokunye ukuguqulwa E-20 kVA generator lusekelwa ngamandla injini emoyeni-ophephela. zamanje ngqo ihlinzekwa okuvela komunye umthombo AC 200 ngokusebenzisa transformer ezine-voltage kanye rectifier kusuka umthamo owodwa battery 24V 36 amp-amahora.

hydraulics

Four futha eliqhutshwa injini 200 wanakekela eziphindwe main futhi izinhlelo kuyashesha. AC motor kagesi osebenza ingcindezi ohlelweni asizayo futhi angakwazi ukuyenza futha isandla. Hydraulics igcina ingcindezi njalo lapho aqondisa izindiza nge kuqanda sindisa ezimbi.

Side "Hercules"

opharetha eziningana lempi ukusebenzisa inguqulo civil "Hercules", okuyinto has isiqu L-100. Certified ngo-February 1965, L-100 kuyinto analogue of the C-130 "Hercules" ukuguqulwa E ngaphandle ngokugcwalisa pylons futhi nezempi. L-100-20 ukuthi yinde ifaka ubude 1.5 m kuya ku-1 m emva iphiko. L-100-30 fuselage is yinde ngu 4.6 m.