Ihlelo lokukhambisa iingazi ka eziphila emanzini nasezweni, ezinamagobolondo futhi ezihuquzelayo

Kulesi sihloko ngingathanda ukubona ukuthi yini isimiso sokujikeleza kwegazi of izilwane zasemhlabeni sihlukile le ezinamagobolondo futhi ezihuquzelayo (ezihuquzelayo). Abameleli azifundiswa kula makilasi okufunda zifana ngezindlela eziningi, kodwa umehluko isekhona, futhi ngezinye izikhathi, hhayi ezincane. Ngakho, cishe yonke imininingwane.

Okokuqala kufanele kuphawulwe ukuthi avaliwe isimiso sokujikeleza kwegazi of izilwane zasemhlabeni. inhliziyo Amabili chambered uye kuphela bezlegochnye salamanders, okunye kuyinto-chamber ezintathu. Amphibians isimiso sokujikeleza kwegazi siqukethe amabili ukuzungeza: ezinkulu nezincane. Ukuba khona umbuthano yesibili lihlotshaniswa okuvela kuyo lezi zilwane kwezimila yamaphaphu. Inhliziyo siqukethe Atria emibili ventricle. Kulokhu, yenza ukuba igazi Atria lihlukile: e ilungelo - elixutshwe emithambo yegazi ngaphezulu, futhi kwesokunxele - ekhipha igazi enhliziyweni. Wall kokuba intraventricular ifomu pleats ukuthi luvimbele kuhlangana pooling eyeqile igazi ekhipha igazi enhliziyweni. Infundibulum, kokushiya i-ventricle, unikezwe valve Helical. Ngokuphathelene imithambo, isikhumba, iphaphu obhekene ukuthuthwa igazi emithambo yegazi kuze esikhunjeni futhi kulula; ukuwozela - inikeze lwemithambo yegazi emzimbeni elingaphezulu, okungcono - inhloko; futhi lwaleli yomthambo i-aorta wegazi okuxubile udluliselwa izidumbu asele. Encane (noma yamaphaphu) umbuthano iqala Umthambo dermatological nokwamaphaphu. Igazi-ke ahlanganiswe oksijini, eqoqwe igqoke emithanjeni yamaphaphu okuyinto ezingenalutho phakathi ATRIUM ngakwesokunxele. I lwesikhathi le-aorta ne carotid imithambo, okuyinto zitholakala kwezitho nezicubu zomzimba, kuvela kwegazi. igazi emithambo yegazi egeleza ngemithambo we eziyize phambi ngababili ayibhangqiwe emuva eziyize, uku-ATRIUM kwesokudla. Through the phambi vena cava lapha futhi Ufika oxidized esikhunjeni igazi, kule ndaba, e-ATRIUM esifanele okuxubile. Lokhu kungenxa yokuba khona futhi izici okuxubile igazi izilwane zasemhlabeni abe ezingeni eliphansi izinqubo umzimba. Amazinga umzimba zishintsha futhi kuncike ukuthi imvelo. Lona omunye izilwane nongenanembeza.

Ihlelo lokukhambisa iingazi siyafana ezihuquzelayo nezilwane eziphila ezweni, kodwa namanje it is more bazivumelanisa yokuphila eliwumhlaba. Ngesikhathi inhliziyo ezihuquzelayo aqukethe Atria ezimbili, okuyinto ukuvula ku-ventricle. I ingaphakathi le ngxenye inhliziyo lihlukaniswe ukwahlukanisa aziphelele (okukhishiwe kuphela kukhona izingwenya). Yingakho ngegazi elalisesandleni livela Atria kancane miscible. Infundibulum e ezihuquzelayo kuyehla ngokuphelele. Amabili lwaleli yomthambo i-aorta ne-pulmonary Umthambo wedwa uqale ngo-ventricle inhliziyo. Ngesigamu sako sobunxele kuvela kwesokudla lwaleli yomthambo i-aorta, ethwala igazi lwemithambo ekhanda, kanye kule forelimbs. Phakathi ventricle engakwesobunxele iqala lwaleli yomthambo i-aorta okuxutshwe negazi. Arc ixhumeke elikuyi-aorta amaphiko futhi imithambo ekhelini off kuwo kukhona kwegazi okuxubile kwezinye izitho zomzimba. Futhi ngempela ayegcwele oksijini, ngokungafani nezilwane eziphila ezweni, isibonelo.

Ngokungafani kwezilwane eziphila ezweni nezilwane ezihuquzelayo, ezinamagobolondo angavaliwe isimiso sokujikeleza kwegazi. Ingabizwa kufanele ngokuthi i-bakudala kunazo zonke amakilasi ngenhla. Igazi kule nhlangano iyona ukumshaya inhliziyo, okuyinto ibekwe eduze zokuphefumula. Ngenxa yalokho, imithambo yegazi abakhona kuphela ezinamagobolondo ephakeme, futhi abanye igazi ngokukhululekile izimbotshana emhlabeni izitho zangaphakathi. Ngokuvamile, sibonisa ukuthi ziyoncibilika zombala ekhethekile zokuphefumula, zisiza ukuba ngibophe abanhliziyo-mpilo owengeziwe.

Njengoba ubona, isimiso sokujikeleza kwegazi of izilwane zasemhlabeni ithatha isikhundla Lesisemkhatsini phakathi ukuthi we ezinamagobolondo nezilwane ezihuquzelayo. Zilwane ezihuquzelayo le ingashintshwa kakhulu izimo ezihlukahlukene zokuphila, futhi kule indima ebalulekile eyadlalwa supply igazi emzimbeni.