Idivayisi yesabelomali kanye nezici zayo

Uhlelo lwesabelomali yizimiso zokusebenza kohlelo lwesabelomali, izici zalo zesakhiwo kanye nobuhlobo phakathi kwamafomu.

Isisekelo salo sinobudlelwane bomnotho kanye nemigomo yezomthetho enquma ukufaneleka okusemqoka kweziphathimandla eziphakathi nendawo zendawo mayelana nenqubo yesabelomali kanye nobuhlobo phakathi kwazo zonke izinhlobo zazo.

Qaphela ukuthi isabelomali kanye nezinhlelo zikahulumeni zixhomeke ngokuqondile. Uma sicabangela isimo esisodwa, isabelomali lapha singaba ngamazinga amabili - isimo sendawo nendawo. Ngokuqondene ne-federal, uhlelo lwesabelomali luhlukaniswe izingxenye ezintathu: isabelomali sesifundazwe, amalungu e-federation kanye nendawo yangakini. Qaphela ukuthi izinhlobo zefomu zendawo zingase zihluke futhi, okubangelwa ukuhlukaniswa-ukuhlukaniswa kwezindawo zezwe. Isabelomali yindlela yokufundisa nokusebenzisa izimali, oklanyelwe ukuhlinzeka yonke imisebenzi yeziphathimandla zomphakathi. Isakhiwo salo esifanele sisiza ekusetshenzisweni kwenqubomgomo yombuso ephumelelayo.

Uhlelo lwesabelomali kanye nesistimu yesabelomali zikhona ngokuthembela ngokuqondile komunye nomunye. Enhliziyweni yanoma yiluphi uhlobo lwesabelomali yilesi simiso - isamba semali ebhajethi yezinto ezihlukene ezihlukene zokuphatha-indawo, ngokusekelwe esimweni sobuhlobo bezomnotho kanye nemigomo yezomthetho. Ngokuqondene nezingxenye zalesi simiso, kunezinhlobo zazo: isakhiwo, izimiso zesakhiwo nokuhlelwa kokusebenza.

Ngokuvamile, uhlelo lwesabelomali lusekelwe ezimisweni eziningana:

1. Izinhlobo zebhajethi ezidalwe endaweni ethile kufanele zihlukaniswe.

2. Izwe kufanele liqondise ngokucacile izimiso eziyisisekelo zokwakha uhlelo.

3. Izingxabano phakathi kwezixhumanisi zesistimu yebhajethi kufanele zihlukaniswe ngokucacile.

4. Phakathi kwalezi zinsuku, uhlobo lobuhlobo kumele luchazwe futhi amafomu abo abonakala.

Uma kucatshangwa ngokuningiliziwe, kufanele kube ngokusekelwe ekuhlukaneni kwezinhlobo zebhajethi ezimazingeni ahlukene.

Uhlelo lwesabelomali lweRussia Federation liqukethe izixhumanisi ezintathu eziyinhloko:

Isabelomali sesifundazwe.

2. Izabhajethi, ezakhiwe yizinyunyana zikazwelonke kanye nezokuphatha-izindawo, ezibizwa ngokuthi i-federal noma yesifundazwe. Phakathi kwazo, kunezombusazwe, izifunda, isifunda, isabelomali zamayunithi ezizimele, kanye namadolobha (isibonelo, eMoscow noma eSt. Petersburg).

3. Indawo.

Loluhlelo kufanele luhlanganiswe, olungafinyelelwa ngokusetshenziswa komgomo owodwa wezenhlalakahle nezomnotho kanye nemigomo yezomthetho, kanye nokusetshenziswa kokuhlukaniswa okuhlangene kanye nezinhlobo zemibhalo yesabelomali. Ngokuvamile, uhlelo lwesabelomali ngumsebenzi olawulwa ngumthetho.

Ukuze uqonde ukuthi kusekelwephi, kubalulekile ukucabangela izici eziyinhloko zezingxenye zayo. Ngakho-ke, inhlangano yobudlelwane phakathi kwebhajethi isekelwe ezindleleni zabo, izinhlobo kanye namafomu. Ngokuqondene nesici sokuqala, ngokusho kwayo kukhona ukwahlukana kuya phakathi (okwenziwe phakathi kwamazinga ahlukene ejjethijethi) kanye nezinga elilinganisako (elinye izinga).

Ngokuphathelene nezici zobudlelwane, zihlukaniswe zibe yimithetho esemthethweni kanye nokulawula elawulwa umthetho nemithethonqubo (eyenziwe ngesisekelo sezivumelwano phakathi kweziphathimandla).

Amafomu ahlinzekela ngemali (ukunikezwa kwemali evela emazingeni aphezulu asezingeni eliphansi), ukuhlala ndawonye, ukuhoxiswa kwezimali, kanye nokubolekwa kwemali- mali (kubonisa ukudluliswa kwezimali okwesikhashana ngenxa yesidingo).