Idivayisi nesilinganiso kwabantu. Viscosity kanye kwabantu uketshezi

Laboratories isitshalo, futhi ekhaya, ngokuvamile kufanele basebenzise amathuluzi for ukulinganisa ukuminyana futhi viscosity uketshezi. Lezi zinkomba nomthelela ku izinqubo zokukhiqiza. Ngokwesibonelo, pick up the futha nge namandla athile ukumpompa uwoyela, kubalulekile ukwazi ngamandla abo. Lapho imishini imithombo ingozi kungenzeka uma kungekho okuhambisanayo kwabantu imishini udaka lizokhokhiswa.

hydrometer

Hydrometer - idivayisi lobuchwepheshe sokulinganisa ukuminyana ketshezi. Siqukethe isibani ingilazi, okuyinto ibekwe endaweni tube ingilazi kokuba isiliphu isikali iziqu. Igabha ivaliwe nhlangothi zombili, ngakho ngaphakathi kuyinto cleaner.

Engxenyeni engezansi isibani iduduzekile isikebhe sizinze izinto, okuyinto unawo ke sesimweni abaqotho lapho kwamanzi ketshezi. Njengoba ngokuvamile esetshenziselwa isikebhe sizinze mercury noma phambili. idivayisi okunjalo sokulinganisa kwabantu njengoba hydrometer, usebenza ku-isimiso, esekelwe Archimedes 'isimiso. Ejection amandla, okuyinto ethatha waba nomzimba egxilile uketshezi lilingana isisindo uketshezi umthamo umzimba. Ingqikithi ketshezi, kokuba nokuminyanisa ezahlukene, lizokhuphuka kudivayisi kuya inani elidingekayo okuyinto zigxilé Ukudayela yomculo.

Indlela yokusebenzisa i-hydrometer

Idivayisi sokulinganisa ukuminyana isetshenziswa hhayi kuphela izilinganiso lobuchwepheshe, kodwa futhi isetshenziselwe izinjongo zasekhaya. Hydrometer ingase ibone okuqukethwe utshwala wewayini noma emakamu ushukela kule isiraphu.

Idivayisi Kulula ukusebenza. Kwanele ukwehlisa esitsheni ketshezi kanye division uphawu, okuyinto olufana ezingeni ebusweni ketshezi isampula. Umgomo we operation kuyafana le hydrometer ku ezimbonini kanye imvelo yasekhaya. Le divayisi elula sokulinganisa ukuminyana atholwe kabanzi ngempela esetshenziswa. It is lisetshenziswe uwoyela, zamakhemikhali yobisi izimboni, kanye kwezokwelapha ekuphileni kwansuku zonke.

Ihlola electrolyte ukuminyana

Abaningi ajwayelekile abashayeli ibhethri self uze uphele du, lapho wesifunda kagesi esukela generator inikeza ukushaja ibhethri, kuba Kulungile. Inkinga ibizwa cishe nisitshekelwe electrolyte ephansi kwabantu. Yenza isheke density futhi cishe ngokwakho. Qala ukuhlolwa kufanele kube amahora ayisithupha emva ngesikhathi sokugcina ibhethri wabekwa icala. Kumele kukhunjulwe mayelana acid eziqukethwe amabhange yebhethri, ngakho udinga ukusebenza ngenkathi ugqoke amagilavu. Ngaphambi kokuhlola, vula i-caps ku izimbiza, basuke zihambisana uvalwe noma ifakwe izimbobo.

Kudivayisi sokulinganisa kwabantu electrolyte simiswe ngalendlela lelandzelako:

1. Chofoza le "ipheya" saxosha emoyeni kusukela umfuma.
2. Ngokumile elicwiliswe ichopho electrolyte yomculo.
3. Khipha "ipheya", uketshezi ingena endaweni iflothi hydrometer, futhi uyama at a division ezithile. Lokhu kuyoba ukubaluleka kwabantu we electrolyte.
4. Qinisekisa ukubaluleka kudivayisi idatha amashidi noma umhloli idatha.
5. Nge value ezincane ku Hydrometer kuka kucecevu idatha, kubalulekile gcwalisa embizeni phezu isixazululo electrolyte ayegcwele kuze ukufundwa ngeke kukhuphule izinga lokuthi ukuba imingcele edingekayo.
6. Ezinye izinto ziyimfihlo.
7. Ibhethri lufakwa kwenkokhelo.

Zonke lezi zinyathelo uphinde njalo kungakusiza ibhethri yesibili. Kufanele kuqashelwe ukuthi idivayisi ukuminyana wokulinganisa kumelwe sibonise nezindinganiso ezifanayo kuzo zombili amabhange noma kuhluke ngezinga elingekho ngaphezu kuka 0.01. Electrolyte ukuminyana kufanele njalo ibe sezingeni ezithile.

Viscosity ketshezi

La ma-molecule ye impahla ketshezi sishukumiseleka isihlobo komunye nomunye ngaphansi kwethonya imvelo bangaphandle. Lapho ezihambayo ukungqubuzana kwenzeka phakathi molecule anjalo, abizwa ngokuthi viscosity izidakamizwa. Iza izinhlobo ezimbili: kinematic futhi iyaguquka. viscosity Dynamic ukuthi yini flowage uketshezi ngaphansi kwezimo yangempela, futhi kinematic kwenza ukugeleza wathi lomcebo ketshezi ngaphansi kwamazinga ahlukahlukene okushisa nezingcindezi.

Ukulinganisa viscosity uketshezi umshini okuthiwa viscometer. Kukhona inani elikhulu izindlela kanye namadivayisi ngawo ukulinganisa viscosity uketshezi. Ethandwa kakhulu ezibhekwa ibhola, izinhlobo ultrasonic kanye rotary amadivayisi.

Yini ukuthatha viscometer ukulinganisa viscosity uketshezi bese unquma ukuthi iziphi indlela incike uhlobo ukunemba nesilinganiso esidingekayo futhi uhlobo lokuvivinywa uketshezi. Kahle ukukala kwabantu futhi viscosity uketshezi - kusho ukukhiqiza umkhiqizo izinga, ukuze kugwemeke izingozi zezimboni.