I-Mosque yaseCathhedral eSt. Petersburg: indlu engcwele yenkolo kanye nenye yezakhiwo ezinhle kakhulu enyakatho enkulu

I-Russia ayiwona nje amazwe angaphandle kuphela, kodwa futhi amazwe amaningi. Ngaphandle kokubukwa kwezwe okungavamile nakwezemvelo , mhlawumbe zonke izinkolo zimelele kulo. Uma sicabanga ukuthi bangaki amaTatars, amaKazakh kanye nabanye abahlala eCentral Asia abahlala ensimini yaseRashiya, akekho omangala ngenhloso yamaSulumane ukuba abe nendawo yabo yokukhulekela endaweni yokuhlala. Ngakho-ke, umsikiti waseSt. Petersburg, ubonisa nje ukuthi uhlanga lwakhiwe ngabantu futhi ngasikhathi sinye umsebenzi wezobuciko.

ISonto LaseSt. Petersburg Muslim

Lokhu kubhekisela kulowo obizwa ngokuthi "I-Cathedral." Kuze kube ngumnyaka wesishiyagalolunye we-millennium wamanje kwakuyi-mosque kuphela eSt. Petersburg. Kodwa-ke, kusacatshangwa njengenye yezinto ezivelele kakhulu futhi ezinamandla eYurophu. Isakhiwo esinezitezi ezintathu singabakashela izivakashi eziyizinkulungwane eziyisihlanu. Ihholo elikhulu, elisezingeni eliphansi kakhulu, lenzelwe amadoda okuthandaza. Isitezi sesibili sigcinelwe abesifazane-izidumbu, futhi esiteji sesithathu kukhona isikhungo sezemfundo esingokomoya sama-Muslim - madrasah. Kukhona, isisekelo samaSulumane, isiTatar nesi-Arabhu sifundwa. Ngokusemthethweni, i- Mosque yaseCathehedral eSt. Petersburg manje ingomphakathi waseSunni, kodwa noma yikuphi amaSulumane angayisebenzisa. Futhi abantu bezinye izinkolo bavunyelwe ukuba bahambe lapho bengenasisekelo uma benesithakazelo ku-Islam futhi bahlonipha amasiko wamaSulumane. Ikakhulukazi, owesifazane kufanele agqoke ngokuthobeka, ikhanda lakhe kufanele limbozwe ngeshidi (hhayi isondo noma i-cap), uvunyelwe ukulalela inkonzo kuphela emnyangweni wabesifazane. Vakashela le mosque eSt. Petersburg ngo-2 no-6 ntambama, lapho kuqhutshwa i-zuhr ne-asr, ngoLwesihlanu - ngo-3, ngesikhathi se-juma-namaz.

Isibambiso seTatar

Singasho ukuthi umsikashikazi odume kakhulu eSt. Petersburg kubangelwa ukubekezela nokuvumelana kwamaTatars. Bazama ukuthola imvume eziphathimandla ukwakha indlu yomthandazo, kusukela ngo-1798. Babe benqatshiwe, kodwa abazange bashiye izicelo neziyalo. Kakade ngo-1803, i-"Tatar Mosque" ehlongozwayo yahlongozwa ukuba ihlolwe. E-St. Petersburg, waqhubeka engaqanjwanga, nakuba zonke izinto zokwakha zenziwa - kusukela ocingweni ukuya endaweni yangaphakathi. Ngaleso sikhathi, ukuhoxiswa kwezindawo zamaSulumane ngezinqubo zenkolo kwakusadingeka ngokuphuthumayo: izinceku zaseBusika zazivela kumaTatar. Nokho, kwakungakaze kube ngo-1881 ukuthi uMahometan Ahun ogama lakhe linguBayazitov wathola imvume yokwakha umsikiti eSt. Petersburg.

Umlando onzima wethempeli lamaSulumane

Ukuqala kungacatshangwa ukuthi unyaka ka-1904, lapho umhlangano no-emir weBukhara uhola i-tsar yaseRashiya igunyaze iBayazitov ukuba yakha isonto lamaSulumane. Lapho beqala ukwakha umsikiti wokuqala eSt. Petersburg, iGur-Emir, ithempeli eSamarkand, wathathwa njengesibonelo. Nokho, lokhu kwakungeyena ikhophi eyisiwula - abakhi bezama ukuhlanganisa izimfundiso zeKoran kanye nemikhuba yenkambiso yaseYurophu. Lokhu kwakunakekelwa kakhulu yi-granite ebhekene nezindonga zesakhiwo, yanikeza isakhiwo ukubonakala okunzima kakhulu, okungekho emklamo wendabuko osempumalanga. Ngo-1913, inkonzo yokuqala yayiqhutshwa emasikeni, naphezu kokuthi ukwakhiwa kwakungakapheli. Abaholi benkolo yamaSulumane bawuqeda usuku oluphawulekayo - iminyaka engama-300 kusukela ekusungulweni kwendlu kaRomanovs. Ngo-1914, impi yezwe yaqala, futhi ukwakhiwa kwakunzima kakhulu, ngenxa yalokho umsebenzi waqhubeka kwaze kwafika ngo-1918, futhi izinkonzo ezivamile zaqala kuphela ngo-20. Ngemuva kuka-1930, iSikhedral Mosque yaseSt. Petersburg yokuqala (futhi eyedwa kuphela) iya esikhwameni sikahulumeni futhi ayizange ithwale umthwalo wenkolo kuze kube ngo-1956, lapho idluliselwa emphakathini wamaSulumane. Futhi kusukela ngo-1968 futhi kubhekwa njengesikhumbuzo sezakhiwo.

I-Mosque entsha (Kolomyazhskaya)

I-mosque yamasonto kusukela ngo-2009 akuyona kuphela ukwakhiwa kwamasonto omqondo wamaSulumane. Yiqiniso, le mosque entsha incane kakhulu kune "ukugwinya kokuqala", kodwa abakhulekeli abayizinkulungwane bangakwazi ukuhlala esifundazweni. Igama lebandla lalibangelwa indawo yalo - isifunda sase Kolomyaga enyakatho yedolobha. Imvume yokwakha yakhishwa ngonyaka wesihlanu walekhulu leminyaka, kodwa ithempeli laqala ukusebenza iminyaka emine kuphela kamuva. Kuhlelo lwabasunguli - ukufakwa esakhiweni esiseduze se-Islamic Institute, kugxile kuphela kumadoda futhi kuhloswe ukutadisha iziyalo ezingokomoya zamaSulumane.

Mhlawumbe, lawa angamaSulumane abaluleke kakhulu eSt. Petersburg. Amakheli abo: I-Kronversky Ave, i-7 - yeSobornaya (hamba ngesitimela eya ku- "Gorkovskaya"), i-Parachute Street, 7 - i-Kolomyazhskaya. Lapho ungahamba ukusuka eziteshini "Pioneer" noma "Specific". AmaSulumane athembekile mhlawumbe ayazi ezinye, amasonto amancane ama-odnoverets, kodwa ayenayo ngaphandle kokubaluleka kwesifunda.

Izinhlelo zekusasa

Kwakukhona izindaba ukuthi izibalo zenkolo yamaSulumane zizokwakha ithempeli eliphakeme kakhulu lokukholwa kwabo emathuneni ePorforovo. Ingxenye ye-minaret ihlelwe ukuba ibe ngamamitha angu-200 phezulu, le nkimbinkimbi kufanele ihlanganise isikhungo samaSulumane samasiko ngezokuvakasha kwesizukulwane esincane. Isayithi sokwakhiwa kwesikhathi esizayo likhethwa ngezizathu eziphakeme zokuzimela endaweni yabantu ababiza amaSulumane. Kodwa-ke, kunenani elikhulu labamelene nalo msebenzi. I-hitch eyinhloko ukuthi amathuna amadala agcinwe ukwakha - ngokusho komthetho, akukho lutho olungafakwa kulo, ngaphandle kwamapaki namapaki, ukuze ungaphazamisi umlotha womuntu oshonile.

Ingabe umbono wezishoshovu zamaSulumane uzogcwaliseka? Isikhathi sizokutshela.