I-Electroactivator yamanzi AP-1: isifunda, izibuyekezo, imiyalelo. Umshayeli wamanzi kagesi enezandla zakhe

"Inkambo yamanga ingamanga, kodwa kukhona ukusikisela kulo, isifundo kubantu abalungile." Izizukulwane eziningi zazwa la mazwi ebuntwaneni. Bazwakala cishe kuzo zonke izindaba zomlando. Futhi ezindabeni ezifanayo ngokuvamile zibizwa ngokuthi "abaphilayo" namanzi "afile". Futhi ubani owayengacabanga ukuthi lokhu kwakungelona iqiniso? Abafileyo, noma kunjalo, amanzi aphilayo akavusi, kodwa kwenzeka ukuthi ngeke ife. Futhi ukuthola ukuthi akulona nzima kakhulu, hhayi ezitsheni ezincane (amabhodlela). Futhi udinga into encane kakhulu - i-electroactivator yamanzi.

"Ukuphila" namanzi "afile"

Ukuthola "ukuphila" namanzi "okufile" kuyinkqubo ye-electrolysis yamanzi okupompo ajwayelekile. Okusho ukuthi awudingi ukuya ezintweni ezisetshenziselwa ukuphela komhlaba, kudingekile ukuthi welulele isandla sakho.

"Ukuphila" (i-catholyte) ngamanzi anekhono elibi, elinesakhiwo se-alkali ngaphezulu. Ivuselela izinqubo zezinto eziphilayo, izindawo zayo eziyinhloko zandisa amandla okuxazulula izinkinga kanye nokwehlisa amandla kanye nokwenziwa kwemithi yamakhemikhali. Futhi ukunambitheka kwalo ku-alkaline, okulula, njengemvula ehlanzekile. Amanzi aphilayo ngokushesha alahlekelwa ukuphulukiswa kwawo, angagcinwa izinsuku ezingaphezu kwezinsuku eziyisikhombisa esitsheni esifakwe uphawu oluyimfihlo endaweni emnyama. Emzimbeni, kuvuselela umzimba, kuthuthukise ukugaya nokudla, kuphakamisa ukucindezeleka kwegazi, amanxeba amasha aphilisa ngokushesha.

"Ufile" (i-anolyte) - amanzi anesimo esihle kanye nesakhiwo esiyinkimbinkimbi. Izinqubo zezinto eziphilayo, iyancipha, ngakho-ke iyinamandla enamandla yokuvimbela imithi. Igama lala manzi kufanele lisetshenziswe kumakhomishini athintshiwe. Yini efile, uma ibhekene nezinambuzane nezinambuzane, yandisa impilo yeshalofu yemifino nezithelo, iyanciphise ukucindezeleka kwegazi, inciphisa ubuhlungu emalungwini, i-prophylaxis enhle kakhulu yezifo ze-catarrhal, iyasiza ngezifo ze-fungal zesikhumba kanye nezinkinga zamathumbu.

Uketshezi olusuka kumpompi (alukwazi njalo ukubizwa ngokuthi amanzi) ludlula i-electroactivator yamanzi lungasebenza ngezinhloso ezehlukene zomkhaya, isibonelo, ukwandisa umkhiqizo wezilwane, kushukumise ukwanda kwezinkukhu nezitshalo, ukuchithekisa imbewu futhi ukusheshisa ukuhluma kwazo; Ukulwa nezinambuzane nezinambuzane endlini nasensimu; Ukunciphisa izitsha zokugcoba, ukugcoba izitsha zokugeza, ukugeza izingubo zomuntu ogulayo nokuningi.

Uhlu lwezifo lapho amanzi asetshenzisiwe asiza, uma kungenakunqunyiwe, isikhathi eside kakhulu. Lapha kanye ne-tonsillitis, ne-gastritis, ne-hepatitis, futhi iyashisa, nokuvuvukala kwesibindi nesisu esikhulu, nesifo somzimba, nesifo se-fistula esingapheli, nokunye okuningi.

Ukuthola amanzi "aphile"

Incazelo yokuqala yokulungiswa kwamanzi aphilayo yamangala, uma kungenjalo ngokubunzima kokulungiswa, khona-ke ukuchithwa kwenqubo ngesikhathi kunembile. Amanzi avamile okokuqala kwakudingeka avikelwe amahora amaningana, bese abilisiwe nge "ukhiye omhlophe", ahlile ngokushesha, ngokucophelela emanzini ashisayo noma eqhwa, izinsuku ezimbili enqabeni, egxiliwe, ngaphandle kokusebenzisa ungqimba ophansi ngezingozi ezingcolile, efriziwe epanini elifanayo kuze kube Iqhwa lokuqala okufanele lisuswe futhi lilahlwe, futhi liphinde lifakishwe yizingxenye ezimbili kwezintathu, kuleso sigaba esingenhla, yenza umgodi lapho kudingeka khona ukukhipha amanzi ngetyuwa eliphakeme, i-ice ukuze igweme. Njengomphumela wazo zonke izindlela, sathola amanzi aphile.

Manje i-electroactivator yomndeni yamanzi AP-1 iyakwazi ukubhekana ngokushesha kakhulu. Kodwa-ke, kungcono ukuhlanza ngaphambi kokuhlanza amanzi endaweni yokuhlunga e- osmosis noma nge-distiller. Futhi kuhle kakhulu, uma ngemuva kwalokhu kuzokwazi ukukhipha kancane kancane, ukuphikelela ezintabeni ze-quartz ne-silicon.

Umsunguli wamanzi

I-activator yamanzi kagesi AP-1 iyinkimbinkimbi elula, elula futhi elula yokusebenzisa evumela ukuthi kutholakale amanzi asebenzayo angaphansi kwehora - kokubili "bukhoma" (i-catholyte) futhi "ifile" (i-anolyte).

Ukuze usebenze, udinga inamba kagesi yasendlini nge-voltage ye-220 V namanzi ngokwawo.

Amadivaysi afanayo akhiqizwa izinkampani eziningi, ngakho-ke uma uthenga, kufanele uqiniseke ukuthi idivayisi kufanele iqinisekiswe.

Ukuhlanganiswa kwamanzi nogesi kudinga, ngokuhambisana nesilinganiso sombuso, ukuvikelwa kwamagesi okuphakeme (hhayi ngaphansi kuka II).

Ukuphepha kokuhlanzeka kwedivayisi kumele kubhalwe futhi.

Okuqukethwe kwephakheji kanye neenkcukacha

I-Electroactivator yamanzi asekhaya - idivayisi encane enesisindo esingaba ngaphezu kuka-2 kg, ithengiswa ngephakheji, lapho, ngaphandle kwezinto ezizimele, incwadi ecacile yokufundiswa, i-fuse-link (fuse for 1 A) kanye nesilinganiso esincane salu usawoti wetafula.

Amandla angqikithi asetshenziswe yidivayisi ngu-70 V / A. Lapho isebenza, i-AP-1 idla ngokulingana kwamandla afanayo njengombhalo owodwa wokukhanya okungu-40-watt.

Amandla wamanje ngesikhatsi i-electrolysis ivela ku-0.2 kuya ku-0.7 A.

Ngesikhathi esifanayo 300 ml we-anolyte ne-900 ml ye-catholyte iyalungiswa. Inqubo kumele ihlale ingapheli imizuzu engama-40, ngoba emva kwalokho i-acidity yamanzi ayishintshi, futhi ukunikezwa kwamandla kanye noketshezi kwamanzi kudivayisi kuyashisa.

Ukwakhiwa kwedivayisi

I-activator yamanzi AP-1 ngokwayo iqukethe itangi elikhulu lapho ingilazi yeceramic efakwe khona, ikhava engenayo ene-electrodes kanye neyunithi yokunikezela amandla.

Amandla epulasitiki okudla okusobala asetshenziselwa ukwenza amanzi "aphilayo". Kuyo inqubo ye-electrolysis, i-catholyte yenziwa. Emaceleni ohlangothini kukhona amamaki - izinkomba ezikhethekile zemicibisholo.

Ingilazi yi-diaphragm emkhatsini we- cathode ne-anode futhi isebenza njengelwandle "elifile". Kukhona ukubunjwa kwe-anolyte kwenzeka.

Ikhava elikhishwayo engxenyeni engezansi linezisekelo ezenziwe ngokufaka izinto ezivimbayo. Kukhona ama-electrode kuwo. Ama-black amabili angama-anode anomshini wokumelana namakhambi. I-cathodes emibili ekhanyayo esuka ekudleni kwensimbi engenasici. Izinto ezikhethekile zivikela ama-electrodes kusukela ekubhujisweni kwe-electrochemical ngesikhathi sokusebenza.

Isembozo esiphezulu sihamba kahle, kuphela okuphezulu kufakwe isibonakaliso sokukhanya, esibonisa ukuthi kukhona yini ukuqhutshwa kwe-electrodes, futhi kukhona umnikazi we-fuse on the surface, ngakho-ke umcibisholo-izibonisi kuso kubonakala ngokucacile.

Isimiso sokusebenza kwedivayisi

Ukwelashwa kwe-electrochemical yamanzi (i-electrolysis) kuholela ekuguquleni okuphawulekayo emisebenzini yokucabangela kanye nesakhiwo somzimba samanzi. Ngaphansi komthelela wamanzi kagesi emanzini, izinhlayiyana ezinamandla ezisebenzayo ziyakhiwa, futhi uhlelo lokusebenzisana kwe-intermolecular lushintsha.

Ukwelashwa kwe-cathodic electrochemical ketshezi kuholela ekwakheni i-potassium ene-soluble kakhulu ne-sodium hydroxide; Ukwandisa i-pH; Yakha i-calcium engenamapulangwe ne-magnesium carbonates; Ngama-hydroxide engenayo i-hydroxide engaguquki ayaguqulwa cishe ngama-ion ensimbi nezinsimbi ezinkulu. Lokhu kunciphisa ukuqhutshwa komgogodla nokucubungula kwamanzi kwamanzi, kunciphisa okuqukethwe oksijini ne-nitrogen.

I-Electroactivator yamanzi iyisitsha lapho ukwelashwa kokubili kwe-cathodic ne-anodic kwe-liquid kwenzeka khonakanyekanye.

Ngenqubo yokwelashwa kwe-anodic electrochemical, ama-acid stable futhi engaqinile angakhiwa - ama-sulfuric, i-hydrochloric, hypochlorous - ne-persulphuric, ama-chlorine ane-oksijeni. Lokhu kwandisa u-acidity wamanzi kanye nokusebenza kwegesi kagesi, kunciphisa ukuhlushwa kwe-nitrogen ne-hydrogen.

Imiyalo yokulungiselela amanzi asebenzayo

Ukupheka "okuphilayo" namanzi "okufile" ku-activator kulula futhi kuyashesha. Ingilazi ye-ceramic ifakwe kwisitsha esikhulu phakathi, bese kuthiwa amanzi: ingilazi kuze kube phezulu, bese ungene esitsheni emunwe ngezansi komngcele weglasi.

Isembozo esiphezulu sifakiwe ukuze amamaki (umcibisholo amamaki) ahambelane nendawo ehlangothini yesitsha kanye nesembozo ngokwawo. Uma ingilazi ifakwe ngokunembile futhi isembozo sifakwe kahle, ama-anode (ama-black electrodes) anciphisa ngaphakathi, kanti ama-cathode (ama-electrode alula) angaphandle kweglasi.

Isikhumba kumele sihlale siqinile, ize ivele. Ipulagi ixhunyiwe ku-outlet amandla futhi isikhathi sokuqala sedivayisi siyatholakala. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, isibonakaliso siqala ukuvutha, futhi ngodonga olubonakalayo lwesitsha ungabona amabhulabhisi kagesi akhiwe kuma-cathodes.

I-activator yamanzi kagesi AP-1 kufanele isebenze okungenani imizuzu engu-10. Uma isebenza isikhathi eside, iphakamisa ukuhlushwa kwesisombululo esilandelayo.

Ngemuva kokuphela kwesikhathi sokusebenza, idivayisi ixhunyiwe kusukela ekhoneni, isembozo sisuswa ngokucophelela kuso (singakwazi ukuguqulwa), ingilazi ene-anolyte isusiwe esitsheni. Khona-ke, kusukela egumbini, futhi kusukela etafuleni "baphile" namanzi "afile" athululelwe ezitsheni ezilungiselelwe. Yilokho konke.

Kule nqubo, i-spoon yokulinganisa ithekisi usawoti ayisetshenzisiwe. Isetshenziswe uma kubalulekile ukwandisa izinga lokumisa okwesikhashana uketshezi ukwandisa okwamanje ukwenziwa kwe-electroactivation. Kulesi simo, isisombululo esilula sasawoti ovamile sithelelwa ku-beaker, esitholakala ngokuqeda 1 g sikasawoti omuhle emalitha amanzi.

Ukuze uqinisekise ukuthi okwamanje ukusebenza akukona okukhulu kakhulu, amanzi amaminerali noma usawoti angathunyelwa kuphela engilazini.

Ukusetshenziswa kwamanzi asebenze

Ifakwe kuleso nsimbi njenge-electroactivator yamanzi AP-1, imfundo ichaza imininingwane eyanele hhayi nje kuphela isimiso sokusebenza sedivayisi kanye nomyalelo wokusebenza nokugcinwa, kodwa futhi inikeza incazelo yalokho okuyi-pH, indlela yokuthola izindinganiso ezifunayo, nendlela yokusebenzisa i-catholyte ne-anolyte .

Amanzi njengempahla eluhlaza ahluke ekubunjweni kwawo kanye nezinga lokunciphisa umzimba. Iziqondiso zedivayisi zinikeza amatafula ekuxhaseni (pH) esikhathini sokulungiselela izixazululo. Kodwa-ke, kucaciswa ukuthi idatha isekelwe ukuthi i-pH ingu-7.7 ketshezi lokuqala.

Amanzi "afile", i-pH value ye-pH ihlukahluka kusuka ku-3 kuya ku-5.5, futhi amanzi "aphile" aphakathi kwama-8.5 kuya ku-10 amayunithi. Futhi isikhathi eside sokusebenza, esingaphansi kwe-pH ye-anolyte futhi ephakeme nge-catholyte.

Umshayeli wamanzi kagesi enezandla zakhe

Kunezinketho eziningi ze-activator yamanzi okwenzayo.

Into esemqoka yanoma yimuphi umshini wekhaya yi-electrodes eyenziwe ngesigaba sokudla ibanga elingenalutho. Yebo, ukunikezwa kwamandla, kunjalo.

Ngenye inguqulo, i-hose ye-ignition ignition isetshenziswa njengesigqabhezana sokuhlukanisa noma i-anolyte ingilazi, efakwe engxenyeni yeglasi ingilazi, edlala indima ye-tank catholyte.

I-voltage yamandla isondliwa ngokusebenzisa ibhuloho ye-diode eya kuma-electrodes, okunye okuwehliselwa ngaphakathi kwesikhwama se-tarpaulin, kanti enye ingena embizeni egcwele amanzi. Yilawo wonke umshini wokuqalisa amanzi. Lolu hlelo lulula: ilitha lingakwazi, liphethe isikhwama esingamamitha angu-70 ubude nobude buka-200 mm, futhi i-electrodes kuze kube ngu-1 mm ngobukhulu obungaba ngu-40 × 160 mm olwenziwe epulasitiki epulazini lika-40 mm.

Esigatsheni esifanayo sepulasitiki, okufanele sibe sikhulu kunembiza yommbizi, ibhuloho ye-diode (i-diode e-anode) ifakiwe.

Idivayisi enjalo yokuzenzela akufanele isebenze ngaphezu kwemizuzu engu-5-15. Futhi awukwazi ukushiya izixazululo eziphethwe kuwo, udinga ukuwuthululela ngokushesha, ukuze amanzi "afile" angahambi emithonjeni esikhwameni.

Uma esikhundleni se-can kanye ne-sack uthathe iziqukathi ezimbili ezihlukene ngokunqunywa, bese ufaka ama-electrodes ngamunye wabo - ibe yinye cathode, kwenye i-anode, ke okokuqala, uketshezi akuhlanganisi, futhi okwesibili, ivolumu yabo ingaba efanayo. Kuphela phakathi kwamathangi, udinga ukufaka ibhuloho kagesi elixhumayo ye-ions. Kungaba ithawula lekotini elihlanganiswe nge-gauze ezinqabeni eziningana, eziboshwe ngentambo futhi ehambelana namanzi. Igoba phakathi, futhi ukuphela kwayo kugxila emanzini embizeni ngayinye. Inqubo ye-electrolysis edivayisini enjalo ihlala cishe isigamu sehora.

Amanzi "afile" angahlukaniswa nombala wawo - umbala ophuzi kancane.

Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi yimuphi umshini osungulwe, kubalulekile ukukhumbula izinyathelo zokuphepha kanye nazo zonke izenzo zokugcwalisa amanzi nokukhipha izixazululo kufanele zenziwe kuphela emva kokunqamula ukuxhuma idivayisi kusuka kunethiwekhi.

Uketshezi lokuqala kufanele futhi kulungiselelwe. Okungenani unikeza amahora amahlanu amanzi amile kumanzi ajwayelekile. Isiqu esivela ezindongeni zamathini kufanele sisuswe, kanye ne-teapot ejwayelekile. Izitsha kufanele zihlanzeke.

Ukubuyekeza mayelana nedivayisi AP-1

I-electroactivator ye-Belarusian yamanzi AP-1 kokuguqulwa okuthathu kuhluke kuphela kumininingwane, okusho, kubasebenzisi, engabonakali emgangathweni womsebenzi wayo.

Ukungafani okuyinhloko kwalesi sidivaysi yizinga eliphezulu lezinga lentengo kanye nezibuko ze-ceramic. Kwamanye amamodeli, kukhona amapulasitiki, ngakho-ke, uphuthuke ngokushesha. Ngisho ne-ceramics akuyona ingunaphakade, nalabo abasebenzisa le divayisi njalo, kwakudingeka bathenge ezintsha. Nokho, lokhu akuyona inkinga, ukwahlulela ngezibuyekezo.

Futhi ngaphezulu. Uma ithonya lokuthola amanzi "okuphilayo" njalo emzimbeni kungabangelwa ukukholwa okungeyikho emangalisweni noma ekuthandeni komuntu, khona-ke izindlu zangasese ezithintekayo zivele ziphile ngemva kokuphuza kwamasonto "amanzi aphilayo" kuphela.

Lezi yizimangaliso ze-electroactivator yamanzi AP-1. Ukubuyekeza mayelana nakho kuhle kuphela. Cha, yebo, ungathola ama-negative, kodwa ekugcineni kuvela ukuthi ukugcinwa kwedivayisi kwakunganele, uma kunjalo. Imfundo kufanele ifundwe ngokucophelela, amanzi okuqala kufanele alungiselelwe kahle, futhi ama-cathodes namadonga weglasi le-ceramic kufanele ahlanzwe kusuka kosawoti obunzima ngesikhathi esifanele.

Ukuphazamiseka kubangelwa kuphela inkomba ye-saturation. Ngenxa yokuthi udinga ukuthenga imodeli ye-activator ngalokhu, cishe bonke abasebenzisi bayaguquka. Kodwa kuneziphakamiso: ukuze ungalandeli ubukhulu be-luminescence futhi ungaqageli mayelana noshintsho lwamanje we-electrolytic, esikhundleni salokho kubonisa ukuthi kungenzeka ukufaka inzwa ebonisa ukubaluleka kwangempela kwemithombo ye-hydrogen ye-pH yezixazululo.

Ekuphethweni

Izinzuzo zamanzi "okuphilayo" kanye "nokufa" sekukhulunywe amashumi ambalwa eminyaka. Futhi abaningi bephikisana, kusiza noma abantu abathandekayo basebenzise ukubaluleka kwabantu. Kodwa labo abaye bathenga i-electroactivator yamanzi ngezizathu ezithile, ukubuyekezwa ngesimo sabo somzimba kushiya okuhle. Bawuthenga kuqala ukuxazulula izinkinga zabo zempilo, bese bephuza izimbali, babhubhise ama-aphid futhi baguqule imbewu kuyo.