Gordon Mur: Billionaire ngethalente enkulu

Impumelelo yakhe indaba akuyona nje esiyingqayizivele, kuwukuphela into efana nayo. A Billionaire esidumile uGordon Mur ulilethele kwabazuzisa kakhulu ngayiphi indlela isintu ezintsha yayo izinguquko. Futhi akusiwona ukuthi kwembulwa zonke "Silicon Valley" futhi wadala ngobukhulu corporation zezimboni ezinemininingwane, okwakumenza abe omunye wabantu abacebe kakhulu emhlabeni. American Gordon Mur uye wafuna njalo ukudala into entsha futhi engavamile yokuthola izinto. Wayengafuni ukuba uthuthukise lokho okuye yasungulwa zomunye umuntu. Kulesi, mhlawumbe, lapho kukhona khona imfihlo yempumelelo yakhe.

Alo, ngubani-ke, Gordon Mur, futhi sibonga ezinye izinto ezisunguliwe sekuyinto ezidumile emhlabeni wonke? Cabangela le mibuzo kabanzi.

Imininingwane omlando womuntu

Gordon Mur - idolobha bomdabu California San Francisco (USA). Wazalwa ngo-1929, January 3rd. Emva kokuthola isitifiketi kamatikuletsheni, le nsizwa ngempumelelo kudlule izivivinyo e-State University of San Jose, kodwa wafundiswa khona iminyaka emibili kuphela.

Gordon bese sidluliselwe University of Berkeley (California) kanye idiploma, wayosebenza nyuvesi osekukhulunywe ngakho, ukufinyelela degree Bachelor of Chemistry. Ngo-1954, insizwa ethile abe Doctor of Science e-physics kanye ne-chemistry, kodwa Institute of Technology. Ngaphambi nje kwalokho, wathola umsebenzi njengoba isisebenzi Laboratory of Applied Physics e-University of D. Hopkins.

Ngo-1956, Gordon Mur, biography kabani nesithakazelo esikhulu ibhizinisi ekuqaleni abantu abadala, udumo kuze kube abasebenzi wombuso Shockley semiconductor Laboratory Research Center (Palo Alto) ngaphansi physics uWilliam Shockley.

ibhizinisi lakho

Ngemva kwesikhathi esithile, Gordon kuphakama ukungezwani ezingqubuzana ikhanda elabhorethri. Moore nesikhombisa nozakwabo (phakathi kwabo kwakukhona engumngane esizayo Gordon - Robert Noyce) anqume ukuba esule ucwaningo centre Shockley futhi ukusungula isakhiwo ayo.

Ekwindla ka-1957, kwaba khona inkampani Fairchild semiconductor. ngokushesha Gordon iNhloko yoMnyango ubunjiniyela, futhi Robert Noyce kuzodala "wamavukelambuso 'umkhiqizo sikhathi - chip. Nakuba abanye ngemfanelo kule "kokuxazulula" omunye umsunguli - Jack Kilby (uye wakhipha yephathenti kanjalo), kodwa eqinisweni Neuss amshaya inyanga wenza chip kubuchwepheshe ayo Nokho, akazange athole isikhathi sokubhala ukukhipha imibhalo ngesikhathi wakhe wokusungula. Sekukonke umkhiqizo Noyce futhi Kilby umkhiqizo kwahluka kancane kusuka komunye nomunye.

Umthetho "Moore"

Ngasekupheleni '50s Gordon Mur, izingcaphuno okuyinto namuhla ukusetshenziswa okukhulu esisebenzayo kwezamabhizinisi, inkampani ozohola umnyango, okuzokwenza ukubhekana ukudalwa «npn» -tranzistora. Phakathi nawo-60s wayengumuntu ezandleni chip entsha ifakwe transistors 60, kodwa kuze kube muva nje, Fairchild semiconductor ekhiqizwa imodeli zakudala nge 30 transistors. Ngu-physics elula izibalo ibalwa ukuthi ngemva kwamashumi eminyaka embalwa inani transistors ku-chip kuzokhulisa kakhulu. Lesi sici nje wakha sisekelo nomthetho "Moore sika", okusho 70s wagcina uqediwe. Ingqikithi kuyehla imithetho elula - inani lememori khompyutha kabili njalo ngezinyanga ezingu-24. Lapha isiphetho esenziwa Gordon Mur.

Izilinganiso we umsunguli ikusasa Intel, ezifana: "Musa yokugqashula ukuphazamiseka. Ngokushesha ubhekana nabo, ngokushesha kuyophumelela "futhi" usomabhizinisi zemvelo ozalwa uyakwazi ukwakha ibhizinisi kusuka ekuqaleni "- futhi manje kunanini abe isicelo ebanzi esisebenzayo labo abafuna ukuzimela ngokwezimali.

Kodwa Gordon Mur wayengakaze acabange ukuthi wayethole umthetho awasebenzi kuphela inkumbulo PC, kodwa futhi kwamanye ukusebenza izingxenye ezifana inqubo ijubane kanye nosayizi chip. Ngenxa yemithetho ukuthi bakhethe usosayensi benziwa okutholakele esiyingqayizivele emkhakheni wezinto zobuchwepheshe. Yebo, emva kwesikhashana, Ziyoza nemithetho ngaphezulu ubuchwepheshe isihambile, kodwa ukutholakala physics uyohlale luthathe indawo udumo emlandweni.

Umlando "Intel"

Ngo-1968, unjiniyela ezimbili ezingomakadebona - Robert Noyce uGordon Mur ngokuzumayo waphula isivumelwano Fairchild semiconductor. ozakwabo babexakekile ngesenzo sabo, owawungumnyaka lifana ubuhlanya. Kodwa ososayensi baye baya isinyathelo esinjalo banengeke uyaqaphela, ngoba sasifuna ukuqala ibhizinisi "amabili". Babefuna ukudala inkampani endaweni eyaziwa ngokuthi i- "Silicon Valley".

Kodwa izazi zesayensi ibhekene nenkinga banal, okuyilezi: lapho ukuthola imali ukuvula ibhizinisi? Kwakudingekile ukuba ufune i zimali. Esibalelwa ibhizinisi iphepha uhlelo eyofanelana kwenye page ishidi A-4 usayizi, osomabhizinisi baye baya e-San Francisco kuya tycoon Arthur Rock. Waba nesithakazelo umbono wabo, nakuba bazi kahle kamhlophe ukuthi impumelelo bakwazi ukufeza lezi geniuses ezimbili. Ngenxa yalokho, uye izimali iphrojekthi ye $ 2.5 million. Ngakho kwaba khona edumile emhlabeni wonke ngo-Intel.

Ekuqaleni, abasebenzi yenkampani lalilincane. Abangane ube noNobhala nelinye iphoyisa. Bathola Endryu Grouv - uzakwabo ngesikhathi Fairchild semiconductor. Ngokusemthethweni, iBhodi Intel izinso bagxila kule izandla Roberta Noysa uGordon Moore waya yomnyango iphini likamengameli. Phakathi nawo-70s, waba umqondisi ophethe futhi wenkampani kumuntu oyedwa.

ukuphumelela

Ososayensi baye benza yonke imizamo ukuqinisekisa ukuthi Intel selande laze laba umphakeli Semiconductors esikhulu kunazo zonke emhlabeni. Ngenxa yemizamo kwabasebenzi microprocessor yasungulwa - eyamsiza computer siqu. Lokhu kwenzeka ngo-1971, khona-ke Intel bahlakulele ROM. Namuhla, imikhiqizo yayo "uphawu".

Ngokungangabazeki, inkampani Gordon Moore ukubaluleka kwayo ongema phezu eyodwa yesikhulumi nge enjalo imidondoshiya yesimanje Microsoft ne-Apple.

Umsunguli wendlela isikhathi eside e-Intel kulesi sikhundla yesiKhulu esiPhezulu esiPhethe, futhi ngo-1997 yena yanikezelwa isimo "Usihlalo Honorary of eBhodini Labaqondisi."

Zobungoma kanye nemiklomelo

Gordon Mur iminyaka eminingi yomsebenzi ezinezithelo litholé inani imiklomelo kanye ukuhlukanisa. He is ilungu National Academy of Engineering, eholwa weBhodi Labaphathiswa ngesikhathi Technological University of California. Ekuqaleni kwawo-90 ukuze uthole impumelelo okusezingeni eliphezulu emkhakheni usosayensi ukhishwa National Medal of Technology. Ngo-2011, nesimo esingokwezimali Moore sika kulinganiselwa cishe $ 4 billion, futhi akusho bazisole mali sa.

Kuyaziwa ukuthi ngo-2001 usosayensi nomkakhe unikele the Technological Institute of California $ 600 million ukuthuthukiswa yokucabanga ngokwesayensi.