Fibro-cavernous sofuba: izimpawu kanye nokwelashwa. Prevention namathiphu

Fibrocavernous isifo sofuba yamaphaphu - isifo esibhubhisayo, bokuthi okuyinto kuba khona ezindaweni ezicezile wamaphaphu ingaphakathi. Kwezokwelapha, ibizwa ngokuthi "umgodi". Ukuhlupheka yisinyathelo phambili isifo sofuba yamaphaphu. Ngokuvamile, umtholampilo zokugula enjalo kusulwe uhlamvu.

Izici lesi sifo

Ngokuvamile, isifo sofuba fibrous-cavernous ebonwe iziguli omdala. Ngo ebuntwaneni, izimpawu TB eyinhloko ezingajwayelekile kakhulu.

zokugula Cavernous uba umphumela sofuba infiltrative, kodwa kuyenzeka ukuthi kukhulisa eqonda noma patchy, uhlobo egunjini lokuhlolwa kwezifo.

ifomu Fibrocavernous ezitholakele 5% of amacala sofuba.

sofuba Cavernous njengetshe sandise ekuthuthukiseni zokugula fibro-cavernous

Isici nobuntu pathomorphological sofuba cavernous kuba phambi umgodi owodwa, akukho ukuvuvukala kanye nezinguquko fibrotic ku bronchi, lymph kanye nezicubu eziseduze. Lesi sifo akusilo iminyaka engaphezu kuka-2.

imigede behluleka ukumphulukisa kumiswa:

• rumen;
• tuberculoma;
• Ukugxila eyodwa isifo sofuba;
• ingaphakathi sanitized.

In the ukungabikho yokwelapha efanele ifomu cavernous ungaya e sofuba fibrocavernous, cystic okuyinto esivela ezindongeni ingaphakathi kanye ezungezile wamaphaphu parenchyma. Futhi waphawula foci amaningi zalesi sithako.

symptomatology lesi sifo

Ngokuvamile, isifo sofuba fibrous-cavernous itholakala kwelinye wamaphaphu. Ukuthuthukiswa lesi sifo kwenzeka ngesikhathi 3-4 izinyanga yokwelapha ayizwakali lomunye zezintaka sofuba. Izenzo sifo igqamile ikakhulukazi esigabeni kwamazinyo.

Izimpawu oyinhloko sifo angabhekwa:

• asthenia;
• ukungakuthandi ukudla;
• ukukhwehlela ababuthakathaka;
• ukukhwehlela igazi;
• ukopha;
• crackles ukuwa ngalo ingaphakathi.

Ngemva ukwakheka izimpawu ingaphakathi babe iyindlala, nje lubonakale futhi nonspecific. Isiguli ingase ikhononde lobuthakathaka jikelele, ukutubeka, ukuncipha emzibeni, futhi khona ongaphakeme grade ukushisa.

On ukuthuthukiswa TB esicashile kungase kubonise ukopha emaphashini esakheka ngaphandle kwesizathu.

Anamnesis iziguli enenkinga sofuba fibro-cavernous kusho Yiqiniso nenze umsindo oshintshashintshayo. Izikhathi phakathi oyingozi futhi athethelelwe isikhathi kungenzeka eside ngokwanele noma, Ngakolunye uhlangothi, esigabeni acute ingavela kaningi.

sofuba Fibro-cavitary inezimpawu ezihlukahlukene zokwelapha. Sibangelwa inqubo sokugembula, kanye nezinkinga isikhonzi.

Zimbili izinhlobo zesifo: elinganiselwe noma okuzinzile, lapho ngaphansi kwethonya ngamakhemikhali sinjalo kwenzeka kanti isiguli e ukuthethelelwa, eqhubekayo iminyaka eminingi.

Esikhathini esiyiminyaka acute kuyanda lokushisa nokuthuthukiswa ukuvuvukala emhlabeni umgodi. Amazinga okushisa ongafinyelela amazinga aphezulu, uma isifo emikhulu ehlobene ukutheleleka uhlamvu yesibili.

Ukunqotshwa bronchi ephelezelwa ubuhlungu ukukhwehlela hoshozela, lapho isikhwehlela, isikhwehlela futhi ubomvu eliqukethe sihlukaniswe ngokuqukethwe nobunzima.

Isiguli abaphethwe isifo sofuba fibro-cavernous, kakhulu ukunciphisa umzimba. Uthi isikhumba esomile, okuyinto imibimbi kalula. Imisipha isiguli bavezwa yoma. Indima esasizibekele yona yenqubo sokugembula iba ehlombe ibhande, umhlane indawo ephakathi izimbambo.

Iziguli zithambekele ukudakwa njalo. Ngo exacerbations ka nezifo zokuphefumula eba esingamahlalakhona 1 no-2 degrees. Ngemva kwalokho kungaba imakwe uphakamise izwi isibindi. Kwangathi avele evuvukele.

Nge ukuqhubeka kwesifo imakwe kokunqotshwa amalaka kanye emathunjini, okuholela lube buthaka amasosha omzimba. Lapho kahesii, amyloid nephrosis futhi congestive ukumelwa inhliziyo, yamaphaphu isifo Izibikezelo okungekuhle.

Izimbangela zesifo

Ukubhujiswa kungenziwa kwabangela ngasiphi ifomu basemtholampilo sofuba. ukuthuthukiswa Provocateur ingaba njengesihluthulelo superinfection. Ngu Amagciwane kuzomele sifake mycobacteria. Sekukonke kukhona amagama 74. Bangabakhe uhlobo lwe Mycobacterium. Nokho, isifo sofuba kubantu kwabangela kunemibandela uhlobo ekhethiwe, babiza Mycobacterium sofuba.

Ungalokothi uphuze izinto sokuthuthukiswa sifo yilezi:

• ukhulisa izinga sensitization;
• ukushintsha e reactivity;
• izifo yezitho zangaphakathi;
• imikhuba emibi.

Isigaba eyinhloko lesi sifo

It isinqumo ukwaba esigabeni esilandelayo sofuba fibrous-cavernous:

• Ukungena ngobuqili enhlanganweni. It kusikisela ukuba khona i ukuvuvukala focus.
• Kwamazinyo. Kumiswa kwemizi ukuvuvukala is umgodi eligcwele ifomu ekhethekile kwezicubu necrotic - mass caseous. okuqukethwe Dry iba woketshezi, kancane kancane ewa ngemuva nkinga bronchus. Esikhundleni salo uhlala eziyize. Ngemva kwalokho, uqala ukuba sigcwale umoya, futhi ngezinye ukwephulwa of amanzi kuleli bronchi - ketshezi.
• Ukwakheka izimbotshana. kwakhiwa Education nge resorption ukuvuvukala perifocal futhi cystic. Udonga anomaly iqukethe izingqimba ezintathu. Isendlalelo kwangaphakathi iqukethe mass caseous (ungqimba polygenic). Kutholwe phakathi granulation igobolondo, uphahlwe amaseli ezinkulu EPITHELIAL. Kusukela yangaphandle ingaphakathi ingxenye imbozwe capsule zezicubu zezinzwa.
• Zokutshala. Kule nqubo, ubukhulu ingaphakathi inyuka, nasemaceleni kokuziphatha perifocal kwenzeka noma zokutshala. Le nqubo ihlanganisa ukuthuthukiswa izilonda fresh ukuvuvukala at sofuba cavernous. ithuthukisa Ngakho ifomu fibrocavernous lesi sifo.

yezinkinga njalo

Kukhona isikhathi nezinkinga ezilandelayo sofuba fibro-cavernous:

• Hemoptysis.
• Ukopha wamaphaphu.
• Ukuba khona eshaywayo. Lubonakaliswa nokufinyezwa umsindo ezindaweni ukuqina pleural futhi cystic.
• Listening kwezimila buthakathaka izindawo ukuqina pleura. Futhi wathola crackles futhi ukuphefumula bronchial. kwesifuba okunjalo lwembula ukuba khona izimbotshana wosayizi omkhulu. Ngokuhamba zokwakheka encane ezahlukene Ezwakalisa imisindo.

izindlela ukuxilongwa

is Sitholakala kanjani isifo sofuba fibro-cavernous? Umlando isifo ngesikhathi uphethwe, njengoba umthetho, vele iqukethe ulwazi mayelana odlule esivimba amanzi sofuba ukutheleleka.

Kufanele kuqashelwe ukuthi izimpawu auscultatory kukhona ukwaziswa okuncane. Ukuhlolwa okwengeziwe usebenzisa-X-ray wembula khona isithunzi okwesongo indawo neuropathy ngesimo okweqanda noma umbuthano. Ngemva idatha etholwe-X-ray umumo womsebenzi kudinga umehluko ukuxilongwa nge zokugula ezifana wamaphaphu ithumba, umdlavuza neuropathy, emphysema bullous, pneumothorax, echinococcosis noma pleurisy encysted.

Ukusekela Yokucwaninga futhi laboratory izindlela namasu endoscopic.

ukuhlaziywa isikhwehlela lembula ezingeni lelisetulu MTB. ukuhlolwa Laboratory wembula ezingeni lelisetulu ngabodwa bacilli. Ngezinye izikhathi inqubo iba okukhulu. Futhi staghorn ezikhonjwe imicu enwebekayo yezicubu.

In the ukungabikho isikhwehlela kuboniswe ubambe bronchoscopy. It ikuvumela ukukhomba foci ukuvuvukala emaphashini futhi amashubhu bronchial, okuyinto ukuvimbela kuvalwe ingaphakathi.

Igazi test. Iziguli khona sofuba fibrocavernous imakwe lymphopenia kwadlanga ESR ipharamitha 30-40 mm / h.

Lapho kukhona nokwanda ukutheleleka yesibili leukocyte kuya inkomba ezingeni 19 000-20 000, kanye okwandisa ezingeni neutrophil.

okuqukethwe Kukhona eliphezulu amaprotheni ku umchamo.

izimiso yokwelapha

It iqeda fibro-cavernous sofuba? Ukwelashwa Kwenziwa esibhedlea dispensaries TB.

ukwelashwa uhlelo kusekelwe ukusetshenziswa ngesikhathi esisodwa izidakamizwa ezintathu noma ezine aqondiswe ukuthuthukiswa zokugula. Njengomthetho, sebenzisa "INH", "ethambutol", "rifampicin" futhi "streptomycin". Izidakamizwa kungenzeka iqondiswa ngemithambo yegazi noma ngqo ngalo ingaphakathi ngomlomo.

Futhi esetshenziswa tuberkulinoterapiya, ukuphefumula izivivinyo, ukubhucunga nokunyakazisa umzimba, ukwelashwa laser, ultrasound futhi inductothermy.

Ethwele nokwelashwa ngamakhemikhali

Ikhona yini enye indlela siqedwa fibro-cavernous isifo sofuba yamaphaphu? Ukwelashwa kuhilela ukuqaliswa ngamakhemikhali. Izinqubo kuyabekwa umuntu ngamunye ngokuhambisana izinkomba luvelo izidakamizwa.

Ngokuvamile, uma ukumelana ukwelashwa eyisisekelo ngokumelene sofuba Kwenziwa ngokuhambisana wesine nokwelashwa ngamakhemikhali umbuso. Ukwelapha kuhilela ukusetshenziswa ahlangene izidakamizwa ezifana "kanamycin", "Prothionamide", "Cycloserine", "PAS" futhi "fluoroquinolones". Isikhathi ngamakhemikhali akuyona esingaphansi kwezinyanga 15-18.

Iziguli khona-TB fibrocavernous kuboniswe ubambe yokwelapha pathogenetic okuhloswe ngalo Oqondisa imisebenzi kahle umzimba ezahlukene. Metabolizing ejenti esetshenziswa, kanye amalungiselelo okubuyisela wesimiso somzimba sokuzivikela, ama-ejenti hormone.

Nge inkambo evumayo ukwelashwa emva cishe izinyanga eziyisithupha Dynamics omuhle. Wawusho nokuncipha ukwabiwa bacilli, kanye ukwehla kanye Ukuvalwa ingaphakathi.

kokungenela op

Ukwelapha izimbotshana fibrotic njalo kwenziwe kancane kakhulu. Uma ngesikhathi ngenhla akunakwenzeka ukufezekisa imiphumela emihle, le fibro-cavernous isifo sofuba yamaphaphu isuswa ukuhlinzwa. Kulokhu ikhombisa sohlangothi olulodwa wamaphaphu resection. Ukusebenza ngo ukusebenza Duplex kanye nenqubo. It Ubuye izinga eliphakeme kahle futhi ikuvumela ukuba ugcine ikhono lesiguli ukusebenza. Isikhathi sokuphila umuntu ogulayo yinde kakhulu. Kwemihlambi mycobacteria sithule.

Olunye uhlobo ukuhlinzwa kuyinto kuhlinzwa nciphisa yokwelapha, okusikisela ukunqunywa pneumothorax yokufakelwa.

Ngemva ukwelashwa ukuhlala esibhedlela liyadingeka sanatoriums saziso, impatho sinenkonzo yokunakekela iziguli emakhaya , kulandele ubufakazi emtholampilo.

Izibikezelo

Iningi sofuba fibro-cavernous amenable yokwelapha. Cavity of Ubukhulu ezincane zivaliwe kanye nezibazi. Ezemfundo nokuba khona izindonga eqinile nakho ngeke kusize ngokuhamba kwesikhathi amanye ngokuqukethwe caseous ukuthi kuphakamisa psevdotuberkulemy.

Ukuthola ubomvu, khona aspergillosis, ngentuthuko sofuba ezingavamile.

izinyathelo

sofuba Fibrocavernous kungokwalabo esigabeni izifo zibangelwa izici ezingezinhle emphakathini. Ngokuvamile imbangela Ukuwohloka emazinga ekuphila esivuna labantu.

Ngokwezibalo, amadoda ugula izikhathi 3 kakhulu ukudlula abantu besifazane. I zokugula eziyisisekelo iqinile eneminyaka engu-iminyaka engu-20 kuya ku-39.

Ukuze uvimbele belulekwa ukuba ukugcina imithetho elandelayo:

• ukuqhuba izinyathelo ezifanele;
• ukuhlonza yokuqala abantu ukugula;
• Ukukhetha ngezimali zikahulumeni ngoba izidakamizwa;
• ukuqaliswa kwe-Nokuhlola kokuqala wezokwelapha uma befaka isicelo somsebenzi emkhakheni imfuyo;
• ukwandisa endaweni yokuhlala ekubulaleni iziguli ezigulela abangu kwatholakala ukuthi nginesifo sofuba,
• ukuqaliswa ngesikhathi esifanele umuthi wokugoma ukuze izingane ngenyanga yokuqala emva kokuzalwa.

isiphetho

Fibro-cavernous isifo sofuba yamaphaphu (yezinkinga ziyingozi isimo sempilo) yisifo esingamahlalakhona. Njengomthetho, it is sokucasuka sofuba cavernous. Lesi sifo kungenziwa kwachazwa ngokuthi izilonda sohlangothi olulodwa noma zamazwe amabili.

Pathology kunzima ukuyelapha Ngaphambili, manje umuthi has anhlobonhlobo Timiso ezahlukene zokwelapha kuzoqinisekisa ukuthethelelwa esitebeleni iminyaka eminingi. ukwelashwa esifike ngesikhathi ungagcina ikhono lesiguli ukusebenza.