EMassachusetts Institute of Technology: amandla, nokufundisa, umlando ezithakazelisayo amaqiniso

Ezweni kukhona izikhungo eziningi zemfundo ephakeme. Abanye baye baba ethandwa kumafilimu, abanye ngenxa abathweswe iziqu zabo. EMassachusetts Institute of Technology kuba ezijwayele eziningi ngenxa isikhundla salo nedumela emhlabeni. Minyaka yonke elamukelayo izinkulungwane izicelo abafundi abavela emhlabeni wonke. Futhi% 10-15 kuphela inani eliphelele uthola ithikithi ukuze impilo kwezobuchwepheshe Institute.

wamukelekile

Lesi sikhungo semfundo esezingeni eliphakeme USA unamagama amaningana. EMassachusetts Institute of Technology (mit) - igama ethandwa kakhulu of the nyuvesi. Akukona nje kuphela ukuthi inyuvesi, kodwa futhi isikhungo ucwaningo, lapho abathweswe iziqu nothisha abasebenza kumaphrojekthi karhulumende. unyaka ngamunye amukela oda elikhulu ngoba ekusungulweni kobuchwepheshe bokuthuthukisa lempi. MIT kubhekwa kwekulu yesayensi isakhiwo ucwaningo. Yezefundo kungenziwa ngokuthi nathi of izinkampani ezinkulu Northrop Grumman, Lockheed Martin, Boeing, Raytheon.

MIT waba ngowokuqala, lapho waqala ukusingatha amarobhothi kanye intelligence yokufakelwa. Akumangazi ukuthi zonke izinhlelo ezikhona ubunjiniyela neyaziwayo njengoba ezinhle kakhulu kuleli zwe. Ngaphezu ubuchwepheshe lobuchwepheshe, kukhona wezifundo zezombusazwe, ifilosofi, yezilimi, ukuphathwa, nokunye. D.

Charter

EMassachusetts Institute of Technology yasungulwa ngo-1861. Phakathi lasungulwa alwa Vilyam Berton Rogers. Ukulandela nokufakwa Charter, Commonwealth of Massachusetts akanayo ukucabanga eside futhi wasungula isikhungo esisha. Kwakuthinta eliholwa MIT kanye Boston Society of Natural Science.

Isifiso eyinhloko umsunguli University kwaba ukudala indlela entsha yokufunda. Ngasekupheleni kwawo-19 isayensi ekhulwini lakhula ngokushesha, futhi ngenxa yalokho wayedinga owawuyokwazi inqubekela phambili futhi abe nemfundo classical isinyathelo esisodwa ngaphezulu. MIT base sivunyiwe ngokushesha ngakho nososayensi, futhi abantu Rogers kwadingeka ukuba ngokushesha funa abaxhasi, umsebenzi yekharikhulamu bathole indawo ekahle enyuvesi.

Naphezu kobunzima babantu base noWilliam Burton kwakukhona uhlelo okwakutholakala ukusheshisa ukuthuthukiswa walesi sikhungo esisha. Lalinama amaphuzu amathathu (izimiso):

• Inani zemfundo yolwazi ewusizo.
• Priority workshop.
• Synthesis wesayensi lobuchwepheshe kanye humanities.

Ukuze Rogers wayengeyena cwaningo main futhi zokukhwabanisa izingxenye, nasekutholeni ulwazi nokuqonda izimiso zesayensi.

Ngeshwa, inkulumo-MIT iqala kuphela ngo-1865. Ukwephuza wayehlobene isimo ezingaqinisekile kuleli zwe. Noma kunjalo, esimisweni sokuqala senzeka egumbini aqashiwe eduze Boston, emijondolo encane.

imizamo ukuze uhlangane

Lesi sakhiwo lokuqala Massachusetts Institute of Technology iye wathola kuphela ngo-1866. Itholakala endaweni Emuva Bay. Kwaphela isikhathi eside-MIT wabizwa ngokuthi "Boston techno." Kodwa lokhu "Isidlaliso" wanyamalala ngo-1916. Kwakuthinta ngalesi sikhathi, campus yaseyunivesithi is ngakho enwetshiwe ukuthi kwadingeka ukuba lingadilizelwa ngaphesheya komfula e Cambridge.

Emashumini amahlanu eminyaka-lokuqala zonke izinto zahamba ngokohlelo, Rogers. Kodwa ngokuhamba kwesikhathi lo mqondo washintsha nezinkinga MIT waqala. Ngaphandle kweqiniso lokuthi kwabathile imali akwanele wokugcinwa lolu hlobo ucwaningo centre, futhi akazange abe ochwepheshe ngokwanele, okuyinto eyayiyoholela kumfundi. Lokhu kwakubangelwa lunye ewumngcingo walesi sikhungo.

Eduze edumile Harvard University, ngaleso sikhathi waqala bephazamisa ubunye MIT. Ukuphatha wafuna uhlangane, kodwa abafundi-bocwepheshe yayiphambana, ngakho ngo-1900, lolu hlelo kuhlulekile. engu-14 kuphela kamuva, kusho inyunyana kwenzeke MIT nge umnyango Harvard, kodwa kuphela ephepheni. Ngokusho inkantolo, nokuhlanganiswa akazange athathe indawo.

sikufisela inhlanhla

Phakathi naleso njengoba waseHarvard University lalungiselela uhlangane, MIT akuyona ibekwe laboratories yayo futhi inkulumo amakamelo. UMengameli omusha Richard Maclaurin wafuna ukwandisa campus. Kulesi wasizwa ngengozi bajabule. I-akhawunti yasebhange MIT izimali kwakungokwelambu abacebile engaziwa. Babekwazi ukuhlenga imayela ezweni ezimbonini, okuyinto zitholakala eduze noMfula Charles. Kamuva kwatholakala ukuthi igama lokuthi - kwaba Dzhordzh Istman. Kungakapheli neminyaka engu-6-7, i-Institute yakwazi ukuthuthela ku isakhiwo esisha elinempahla yasendlini. 'Bayizisebenzi ekhaya "bonke abafundi kuze kube yilolu suku.

izinguquko

Ngo-1930, inhloko-Massachusetts Institute of Technology kwaba Karl Taylor Compton. Yena kanye nalowo iphini likamengameli Venivarom Bush wasebenza lwezifundo. Kusukela Rogers izinhlelo akusho lutho kwesokunxele. Kukhethwa ikakhulu abe isayensi yangempela (i-chemistry, i-physics). Umsebenzi kumihlangano kubonakale encishisiwe.

Imicimbi kuleli zwe aye aqinisa ukuthembeka locwaningo MIT. Le nyuvesi igcina idumela layo futhi ubuholi wobunjiniyela. Ngaphambi kwempi yezwe yesibili isibalo esikhulu sezithunjwa amaphrojekthi zenzelwe lapha, okuyinto kamuva negalelo elikhulu ezinhlelweni zocwaningo wezempi.

Massachusetts Institute of Technology iye sashintsha ngokuphawulekayo. Lokhu kwakubangelwa yokuthi isimo uye wahilela naye emsebenzini ucwaningo akhatshana empini ngesikhathi seMpi yoMhlaba yesiBili. Ngenxa izenzakalo zezombusazwe, inyuvesi wakwazi qualitatively ukwandisa abasebenzi laboratories ngokomzimba. Manje, i-main ukushayela amandla waba umfundi.

MIT waletha umnikelo omkhulu futhi ngesikhathi iMpi Yomshoshaphansi. Khona-ke "isikhala imfiva" igwinywe umhlaba wonke. Abaningi bangabaza ukuphakama US phezu i-USSR. Kuyinto umsebenzi isikhungo ucwaningo wabaphakamisa futhi wabonisa amandla of American Scientists.

Kepha kwakukhona kunobuhle nobubi. Ukufunda ngezinto ezinjalo abafundi abathukuthele futhi abanye othisha. Campos zaphambukela isayithi umbhikisho. Abashisekeli ebuzwa kobuholi laboratories esisha emva kwesikhathi zazo kwakheka Laboratory Charles Stark Draper Laboratory futhi Lincoln.

Futhi, kwakunezinkinga kanye nezindaba zezombusazwe. MIT - lokhu kungahle eyunivesithi kuqala, okungase ngokuthi 'isitha kaMengameli Nixon. " Ngenxa ukubukwa zishanela lwekhanda Institute Viesnera Nixon kakhulu ukusika ngosizo lwezimali Mitu.

Abesifazane kanye nesayensi

Akukhona ukuthi kumane kuqondane Massachusetts Institute of Technology iye luhileleke nezindaba ezifana ukulwela amalungelo. Cishe kusukela mzuzu isisekelo Institute amadoda co loceceshwe abesifazane. Kodwa amantombazane lapha ayembalwa. Kuphela ngo-1964 ehostela ngowokuqala zabesifazane yasungulwa. Ngu-2005, MIT kwadingeka wabhaliswa u-40% abafundi kanti u 30% abafundi iziqu. It waphayona e Richards ubuhlakani. Yena ezikhethekile nokuvikelwa kwemvelo. Ngemva kwezenzakalo ezinjalo, ukuphathwa sikhungo zibonile ukuthi ungcono ambalwa of othisha besilisa lalibalulekile. Lesi simo wabiza ukulungiswa kwananoma ngokushesha. iminyaka embalwa nje, MIT isiyifundile sihloko ukuthi isimo sabantu besifazane emphakathini yesayensi lithuthukile ngokuphawulekayo. Ubufakazi lokhu kwaba ukuqashwa kukaNksz Syuzan Hokfild umongameli wokuqala we insikazi esikoleni esiphakeme.

usongo yesayensi

Yiqiniso, akukho lutho olungenziwa MIT futhi impikiswano yesayensi. Nehlazo abantu bokuqala sithi indoda UProfesa David Baltimore noTheresa Imanishi-Kari. Usosayensi usolwa ngokunukubeza nemelela kabi imiphumela cwaningo. Congress akabanga emihlatshelweni yabo ne esikhundleni, kodwa processor ophoqelelwe ukuyeka candidacy kokuthunyelwe isikhala seNhloko Rockefeller University.

Ngaphezu kokukodwa kwaphakama umbuzo mayelana amalungelo okuvota lososayensi. sixoxe ngemva scandal uDavide Noble. Wanqatshelwa extension inkontileka, okwathi ngemva kwalokho zazikhiqiza izinhlobo eziningi zala izincwadi futhi imibhalo, abonisa ukusebenzisana ukugxekwa MIT nge izikhulu zempi kanye izinkampani ezinkulu. Kwaba nesimo esifanayo ngo-2000, lapho amacala abekwa isiqondiso sikhungo Ted Postol. Wamemezela le falsification zocwaningo ngabaphethe enyuvesi ballistic missile ukuhlolwa.

nokubambisana Russian

Leo Rafael Reif umongameli wamanje MIT ngo-2011, ngemvume idokhumenti ku ukwakheka Skolkovo Institute of Science and Technology. Ngenxa Victor Vekselberg, ngubani umongameli we "Skolkovo" Foundation, le dokhumenti Waqala ukusebenza. Manje lapha bafundiswa ngesisekelo yokufunda project ezisekelwe.

Ngalesi imisebenzi Rafael Reif akuphelanga eRussia. Ngemva kweminyaka engu-2 ngemva kokumiswa ubuShinto, yena ephethwe International Council of MIPT (eMoscow Isikhungo Physics Nobuchwepheshe).

iphupho isazi

Abantu abaningi abanesithakazelo isayensi okungenani kanye wacabanga yini ukuthi benzeni-Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Abafundi abavela emhlabeni jikelele ungenisa lapha, ngoba lapha imfundo engcono emkhakheni ubuchwepheshe emhlabeni. ezingenayo ngamunye ungaba ukusheshe sithole isihloko kanye iqembu lesifundo. Student Indawo elawulwa. Emagcekeni uhlale endaweni kubafundi.

Othisha kuhlanganisa isibalo esikhulu sezithunjwa ososayensi, phakathi kwabo emhlabeni 1,000 osolwazi. Naphezu kweqiniso lokuthi eMassachusetts Institute of Technology has lunye ayo, bese ukulungiselela abafundi ngenxa yokuhlonipha lesi siqondiso zezenhlalakahle. Abanye labo abaqeqeshiwe eyala lokudala, baba Othumbe Pulitzer Prize.

Kusukela akusiyo kuphela inyuvesi, kodwa futhi ucwaningo nentuthuko isakhiwo kule ndawo kukhona ungumuntu ohamba phambili kunabo. Phakathi kwabafundi abathweswa iziqu nabafundisi namuhla, kunezinhlobo ezingaphezu kuka-80 abanikazi uMklomelo KaNobel.

Yini lokukhetha?

Uma unquma ukuya MIT, kudingeka ucabangisise ngalokho okukhethekile ukufunda. Bachelors Ikusasa Ungakhetha izinhlelo ezinkulu 46 futhi 49 ezengeziwe. Lonke sikhungo sehlukaniswe izikole ezinhlanu, okuyinto yena, babe neminyango ethile kanye nezindawo. Lapha ungathola umakhi umsebenzi, ukufunda izinkanyezi, biology, i-physics kanye bamakhemikhali, onjiniyela, kanye nokunye. D. Njengoba kushiwo ngenhla, kukhona ubuhlakani ukuze humanities, okuyinto efundisa nefilosofi, yezilimi, umlando, nokunye. D.

Yini okumelwe uyenze?

Wonke umuntu ithuba ukungena eMassachusetts Institute of Technology. Master kanye Bachelor ukwamukela abafundi abavela emhlabeni jikelele. Ukuze iqhaza emncintiswaneni udinga ukuba Imiphumela ezinhle TOEFL futhi wahlala. Bhala indaba bese udlulisa umbhalo. Godu izincomo okungenani ezimbili eziphuma kothisha. Uma kudingeka - ukuze inhlolokhono umuntu noma Skype.

Uma ungakwazi ukuya umuntu esikoleni esiphakeme, konke kungenziwa nge website Mita. Ngemva kokubhaliswa uzobona ulwazi zonke etholakalayo: usuku, isikhathi somkhawulo, ukuhlolwa imiphumela nokunye.

izindleko

Uma uya ukuya Cambridge (eMassachusetts, eU.SA) kudingeka baqonde ezindabeni zezimali. Ngokwesilinganiso, ngonyaka bakhokhele angaba yizinkulungwane 45 zamaRandi, kuhlanganise yokuhlala. Ngokuvamile, le nyuvesi inikeza lenqwaba izinhlelo kulabo bakuthola kunzima ukukhokhela yesikole. Ngakho-ke, 58% wathola ngokushesha uthola imali.

Usayizi isilinganiso ke, isimiso, ungafunda yesikole futhi ephilayo izindleko - ecishe ibe yizinkulungwane 40 zamaRandi. Kungenzeka uthole izibonelelo kanye neminye usizo lwezimali. Isimo kuphela - yilokho nokukhuthala ezikhombisa izinga eliphezulu.

Ngaphambi kokungena udinga ukuhlola wonke amathuba olunikezwa eMassachusetts Institute of Technology. Imali Yesikole kungaba omncane. Uma imikhaya ehola komfakisicelo kuyinto ngemali engaphansi kwamaRandi angu-60 ezingaba yinkulungwane ngonyaka, i-MIT kungathatha ku hhayi kuphela inkokhelo egcwele imfundo, kodwa futhi nezindleko zomuntu siqu.

Kumele ukuthi ekuphathweni inyuvesi kuthatha ngenjabulo abafundi abanamakhono noma abafundi. Uma ziyabonakala ngenkuthalo ngokwabo eyunivesithi noma esikoleni, babeba amaphrojekthi omphakathi, babe simo okusezingeni eliphezulu ekilasini ke unayo yonke ithuba lokuba umfundi eMassachusetts Institute of Technology. Kuyinto kudingekile kuphela ngendlela yokuba avele abe IsiZulu ukuhlolwa ulimi isikolo, kudlule izinga ukuhlolwa American futhi kuyabonakala at interview.