Ecowool: ukubuyekezwa. Ecowool: izici, ubuthakathaka

Iningi lethu, ukwenza ukwakhiwa, lapho kumelwe ukhethe ukwahlukanisa ezakhiweni. Kuze kube manje, emakethe linikeza izinhlobo eziningi heater ahlukile ezahlukene:

- ngokuya izinga;

- womshini izinto (zemvelo noma zokwenziwa);

- ngezindleko;

- Flow ukwahlukanisa izinto;

- ngosuku yesevisi heater;

- phezu ezishisayo ukwahlukanisa izakhiwo, kanye nezinye izici eziningi.

Inketho engcono, eyabonakala ekuqaleni kwekhulu lama-20 e eNyakatho Melika naseYurophu emakethe - kuyinto cellulose ukwahlukanisa noma ecowool. Umthengi izibuyekezo ke zahlukahlukene, bobabili emihle nemibi.

Ingemuva kuyi-cellulose ukwahlukanisa

Ukukhiqizwa kuqala mass ukwahlukanisa kusuka cellulose kabusha kwahlelwa eJalimane ngo-1928. Kamuva, in the 50s, lapho boom yokwakhiwa Uhlaka izindlu e eNyakatho Melika, eYurophu, ukukhiqizwa kwe-cellulose Fibre atholwe ngezinga elikhulu zokukhiqiza. Amazwe lapho cellulose Wadding njengoba heater yazuza ukuthandwa enkulu - kuba Canada, e-USA, eFinland, eJalimane, e-Austria, futhi kunenkolelo eyaziwayo kakhulu esetshenziswa le nto, njengoba kungase kubonakale kungavamile, e-Japan. I-cellulose Wadding eRussia ngokuthi "ecowool".

Ukuze uqhathanise: eFinland, izwe elinabantu hhayi abantu abangaphezu kuka-5.5 million, kusho ukukhiqizwa lokhu heater kuyinto ecishe ibe yizinkulungwane 25 amathani ngonyaka, okuyinto engcono kakhulu kunaleyo 1 million square metres zezakhiwo ngci. Kwenqwaba ukwenziwa cellulose Fibre ebangela ukwakhiwa ezizimele, okuyinto engcono kakhulu kunaleyo 70%. Ngokuvamile izindlu zakhelwe zokwakha zesimanje, okuyinto kuphela belingisa zokwakha zemvelo ezifana laminated yokwakha yaseGrisi amapulangwe, izingodo, itshe yemvelo nokunye. N. Njengoba heater ngaphakathi izenzo cellulose Wadding. Ngokwesibonelo, eFinland isabelo emizini yabazalwane, okuyinto ngci ecowool, ingaphezu 80%. Lokhu kuthambekela alichaza ukusetshenziswa kwalesi ukwahlukanisa isakhiwo kanje:

- lapho sezulu zinomswakama futhi izinga lokushisa komoya omubi isakhiwo sekuqala ukufudumala ukwahlukanisa kwemvelo, kukhona isikhathi eside kakhulu kuneminyaka zokwenziwa;

- Izindleko encishisiwe ukulungiswa kanye nokugcinwa kwezakhiwo ukuze esikhundleni impahla ukwahlukanisa;

- heater uba thermos ebusika igcina ukushisa ehlobo kushisa - cool futhi ivikela zonke izakhiwo kusuka nezilwanyana ezincane namagundane, okuyizinto isishayo zokwakha.

Sikhishwe la maqiniso, Ministry of umnyango Museum of Finland wathatha isinqumo ezidinga zonke iminyuziyamu kuleli zwe njengoba ukwahlukanisa main noma eyengeziwe ukuze usebenzise i-cellulose Wadding, njengabanikazi bezindawo hygroscopic, ke unawo sezulu esifanele ziphephile Museum kanye evikelwe kakhulu ngokomthetho izakhiwo mlando.

Futhi i-Nyakatfo Melika, ikakhulukazi e-US, inani amakhaya ngci ecowool safinyelela cishe 340 000 ngo-2005 kuphela.

ERussia, ukusabalala cellulose Wadding waqala kuphela 90 zokuqala. Futhi inani eliphelele amabhizinisi akhiqiza ecowool, futhi inani abathengi ke Kancani-kancani ikhula e inchubekelembili yejeyomethri. Ngenxa abathengi bakwazi ukubona izimfanelo ezinhle uginindela umphumela eyatholakala kusukela ukusetshenziswa kwayo. Futhi okubaluleke - iyona ukutholakala kanye nezindleko eliphansi izinto zokusetshenziswa for ukukhiqizwa yayo.

Isakhiwo kanye nokwakheka ecowool, izici

Ecowool kuyinto heater kokuba isakhiwo capillary-ukungena nakwamanye amazwe evulekile. Siqukethe:

- cellulose fibre - 81%;

- ilangabi retardants (ukuvimbela esivuthayo) - 12%

- nonvolatile izinto isinqandakuvunda (boric acid) - 7%.

Ecowool advantageously ikhiqizwa kabusha cellulose endwangwini, okungukuthi - wastepaper.

Izinto zokuvala umoya ecowool has a grey grey noma ukukhanya.

Zikhona nezinye izinhlobo heater, ezifanayo isakhiwo, zingabantu:

- amaminerali uvolo ;

- basalt uvolo ;

- ingilazi uboya;

- enwetshiwe polystyrene.

Konke lokhu insulations zokwenziwa yakhiwa compounds phenolic ukuthi zinobuthi ukuba abantu. Lapho amalahle lezi zinto ku-degrees 250 Celsius kuthiwa volatilized ngokuphelele isibopho, okwenza ukusetshenziswa ngokwengeziwe impahla engenakwenzeka. Futhi, kusimo enkulu yalolu hlobo heater wukuthi zenziwa izindwangu zokwenziwa ukuthi musa ungamunca umswakama esele phezu fibre. Lokhu ekugcineni kuholela ekwakhekeni zalezi zinkinga ne heater njengoba:

- ukufingqa phezu;

- ukubuyabuyelela of izakhiwo fungal phezu futhi zaplesnevenie;

- kumiswa "amalunga abandayo" e ukwahlukanisa.

Izinzuzo ekovaty njengendlela material hygroscopic

Ecowool, ngokungafani izindwangu zokwenziwa ngenxa cellulose zemvelo capillary e isakhiwo lokunciphisa nomswakama ngokumunca cishe 14% futhi akaphelelwa nezimfanelo zayo nezinye heater. Kunalokho, ke igcina izimfanelo yayo isimo ezimanzi, kanye izinkuni, okungukuthi, azigcina ukushisa aze simisiwe. Ukuze labo abanquma ukuba nomusa ecowool ikamelo, ayisekho isidingo umusi isithiyo ifilimu, njengoba kungekho ukufingqa phezu.

Heater ezenziwe ngezinto zokwenziwa (amaminerali, le-basalt nokumbiwa uvolo) anezici enjalo engemihle:

- ezihambayo emoyeni futhi umswakama kwenzeka ku Imicu yotshani zabo;

- umswakama is hhayi ugxile izinto futhi aqoqana njengoba condensate, okuyinto ilimaza zokwakha ezizungezile;

- yokususa umswakama kusukela ukwahlukanisa Udinga ukwakha izindlela ka kususwe ngokusebenzisa ulwelwesi steamtight amafilimu.

Kufanele kuphawulwe ukuthi Wadding cellulose akusho lapho ezimanzi akushintshi umthamo yayo ngenxa isakhiwo capillary ye imicu. Lokho, ngenkathi abandayo, lapho izinga lokushisa ngaphandle lingaphansi zero kanye nomswakama njalo anda, inani ukwahlukanisa futhi efanele, izindonga ngeke zishintshwe.

Uma uguqula umswakama ngaphandle cellulose Wadding ivala isikhala umehluko amazinga umswakama ngenxa hygroscopicity isakhiwo fibre. Kubalulekile futhi lapho ngaphandle lokushisa ukwanda, kanti ukushisa kube nesivuvu ngendlela engabekezeleleki ngaphakathi esakhiweni zihlala zinjalo. Ngakho, igumbi uhlale efudumele ebusika futhi ahlale epholile ngo ukushisa kwehlobo, ngesikhathi esifanayo ulondoloze isimo sezulu evumayo wempahla, yebo, abantu.

Ecowool ukudla kwezimila amanzi, ngakho-ke izilinganiso amakhosi ukuncoma ukusetshenziswa kwalo ngokuphathelene nalokho nangokuvikela amapayipi njengoba izimo eziphuthumayo ipayipi ukwa, futhi ezimweni ezinjalo amanzi kuze Ukukhipha liyadingeka ngangokunokwenzeka ukuvikela izakhiwo kusuka amanzi Ukungena.

Isicelo cellulose Fibre

Ukusetshenziswa eyinhloko cellulose Wadding:

1. Njengoba ukwaziswa ukushisa ekuvikeleni:

- I-izibuya njengoba ephansi kanye engenhla izibuya ngesikhathi ukwakhiwa kwezindlu zangasese kanye emafulethini;

- lapho lisetshenziswa njengedivaysi usimende ukufudumala;

- I-zifudumele yokukhanya Uhlaka izakhiwo;

- ukwahlukanisa of izindonga ecowool (ehlanganisa izingqimba eziningana);

- ngezinga elithile lapho wenza umsebenzi ukuvuselela izakhiwo ezindala;

2. Ngenxa impahla umakhalekhukhwini:

- njengoba umsindo iyavuleka usimende;

- ophahleni phakathi emabhilidini;

- e odongeni ngodonga.

Ecowool ukushisa namakhaza engaphansi, ophahleni kanye phansi slabs yokuhlala, kwetimboni, temabhizimisi, ezakhiweni zasemapulazini kanye nezinhlaka zawo. Njengoba olungaphambili lwesonto ukwahlukanisa isetshenziswa kuphela ngaphakathi ezakhiweni zamatshe aqoshiwe.

Qhathanisa ecowool ezindaweni nezinye izinhlobo heater

Ecowool uma iqhathaniswa nezinye heater, uthola ubudlelwane elandelayo.

Uhlelo Loluguduzisa cellulose Fibre 15 cm oluhambisana:

- 50 cm ungqimba izigodo izinkuni;

- ungqimba penobetonav 46 cm;

- ungqimba 18 cm yezimbiwa uvolo;

- ungqimba ubumba wawanda 90 cm begodu 146 cm - wokwakha izitini.

nemingcele Kobuchwepheshe ukwahlukanisa cellulose njengoba ecowool, izici impahla:

- ukuminyana - 40-75 kg / m ^3;

- conductivity ezishisayo - 0,036 ukuze 0,042 W / MK

- airtightness - D2 degree (ongaphakeme);

- umlilo - degree T2 (ngokulinganisela oluvuthayo);

- umusi permeability - 0.3 mg / (M x W x Pa);

- umswakama sorption - 16% esikhathini izinsuku 3;

- imvelo (acid-base ibhalansi) - pH = 8,3

Ukufakwa cellulose Wadding

Ukufakwa wenziwa omunye ngezindlela ezimbili:

- mqulu;

- ngokuzenzakalelayo (esebenzisa ukufakwa ohlabayo: indlela eyomile noma ezimanzi-glue).

indlela manual nokubeka

Lena indlela ezivamile nokubeka ecowool uma kungekho kungenzeka ukusetshenziswa izinhlelo esikhethekile kushaywa ukwahlukanisa isicelo. Nale ndlela ekuqaleni Uzithukululile ithuluzi uvolo isandla njengoba onomfutho lapho zahlanganiswa ngo izikhwama. uvolo Uzithukululile ibekwe emhlabeni azungezwe we ebusweni, okuyinto kuncike ukufudumala, noma nje batheleka ecowool ingaphakathi ukwahlukanisa. Amazwana Masters Goor ukuthi indlela manual yokumiswa yisimo kubalulekile ukuhambisana nemithetho ebeka uvolo ukuba nemiphumela ebesiyilindele yokufudumala. Ngakho, ngokuvumelana neseluleko ongoti laying izinga ekovaty odongeni imayelana 70 kg 1 m ³ Uma primenenyat ngoba ecowool kweqa, ukugeleza kuyoba esingaphansi Isici 2, isb 35 kg m ^{3 ngayinye.}

indlela Automatic laying

1. Dry ukufakwa indlela. Kwemisebenzi yoMnyango kakhulu futhi esheshayo ecowool isicelo ebusweni, kodwa le ndlela idinga ulwazi indlela ebeka ongoti abasebenza ukufakwa kwalo. Ukuqala ukusebenzisa inqubo ezomile kumele uvale kraft iphepha noma ukwakhiwa paperboard engaphakathi ifremu, kanjalo ukuthola umthamo avaliwe isikhala ukugcwaliswa. Zekhadibhodi noma iphepha linamathele ukudla noma ukwakhiwa ingcina tape, ngoba umoya ngaphansi kwengcindezi surface iphepha kungenzeka nishaye umfutho womoya noma ngawakhamela ukwahlukanisa umthamo.

2. Wet-glue isicelo indlela. Kule ndlela solution ekovaty wadala usebenzisa ingcina aqueous (PVA-ukuhlakazwa) isixazululo ekhethekile. Nge ukufakwa wenziwa ukushaywa-ekovaty adalwe isikhala. Khona ungqimba ngokweqile inqanyulwa yomiswa nge ukushisa isibhamu. Buhle le ndlela wukuthi kuba ezibukwayo isb ebonakalayo ukugcwaliswa Uhlaka izingxenye.

Kukhona futhi izimfuneko isicelo uhala ngale ndlela:

- sishaye ekovaty imvelo kumelwe abe ezingeni lokushisa hhayi ngaphansana +5 degrees Celsius;

- omiswe ephelele okufanele kwenzeke esikhathini kusukela 2 kuya 5 izinsuku, lapho ukulawula lokushisa akumele ushintshwe;

- kumele afakwe ukupholisa umswakama umusi kusukela izingqimba ukwahlukanisa.

izinzuzo engeziwe kokusebenzisa ecowool, umthengi Izibuyekezo

Ecowool iyona ukonga kakhulu lesi sikhala ukwahlukanisa. Njengoba ecowool (izindleko okuyinto aphansi kunamanye ukwahlukanisa) ukubunjwa yayo has isinqandakuvunda, ke ukuphila isikhathi eside, Ukuvikelwa inikeza ngokumelene zokwakheka fungal kanye isikhunta, futhi kumane kubadumaze namagundane. Ecowool has adhesion ezinhle:

- emthini;

- ukuze aphathekako;

- ukuze izitini;

- ingilazi nensimbi.

Ngesikhathi esifanayo it has a yokwenziwa chemical imvelo. Okuwukuthi, ukusabela ezisansimbi, ukhonkolo noma ukhuni ngeke ingadala ukugqwala, nokugqwala noma bola. Iphinde ecowool ukumelana umlilo izici, kuyilapho nawe ungalushayi ukukhulula at okushisa ephakeme ezinobuthi ezingaba yingozi empilweni kanye nempilo yabantu.

Ecowool - nebubi

Izibuyekezo Umthengi ngezinye izikhathi ezimbi, ngaphezu kwakho konke kungenxa lezi zinto ezilandelayo:

- Inqubo obeka ukwahlukanisa into ehluke kakhulu enothuli, futhi kubalulekile ukuba qiniseka lomuntu kanye lokuvikeleka kwezifiso ezisemqoka ezingumphumela ipheshana zokuphefumula.

- Lolu hlobo ukwahlukanisa has a fluidity okukhulu, ikakhulukazi isici negative kubonakala lapho ebeka phezu mpo izindonga kwezakhiwo nangaphansi kophahla.

- Ecowool lunesibalo ngokwanele ongaphakeme e ngokuziqhathanisa nomunye heater, ezifana ubumba zandiswa futhi polystyrene, njll Ngakho-ke, i-ukwahlukanisa of "ezintantayo" izibuya kuzoba engasebenziseki .. Futhi, ngenxa ukuminyana ongaphakeme ngeke isetshenziselwe zifudumele samaphansi, okwenziwa ingcindezi ngaphandle.

- Kwembulunga ezishelelayo yayo eziyinkimbinkimbi ubunjiniyela akunakwenzeka ngaphandle kokusebenzisa imishini ekhethekile.

- ecowool Ayikwazi lisetshenziswa njengedivaysi ebusweni for abaluphahleka izindonga.

- It has a hygroscopicity okusezingeni eliphezulu ngokweqile, isb ecowool ayikwazi ukusetshenziswa njengoba ukwahlukanisa ezindaweni lapho ebusweni iyathintwa imvelo yangaphandle (i-zifudumele of mbumbulu yangaphandle, ezindaweni lapho ebusweni nabo emhlabathini ngokuqondile). Nakuba lokhu ethile is kalula iqedwe ngokusebenzisa izinto waterproof ukufakwa uvolo.

- Futhi lokhu zifudumele has a ongaphakeme emoyeni permeability, okuyinto ngezinye izikhathi Akwamukelekile ukuthi ezinye izakhiwo kwakhiwa - ezimweni ezidinga ukupholisa ezengeziwe, Uphahla lwangaphakathi isib.

Lapho uxoxa umbuzo yini ecowool nemibi, izibuyekezo mayelana nemibi le nto kusekhona kancane kakhulu kunalokho omuhle. Highlights izinzuzo:

- esheshayo ukufaka ukwahlukanisa usebenzisa ukufaka inflatable;

- i material imvelo okungahambisani ezishisa kakhulu zikhipha izinhlayiyana formaldehyde evala;

- lungekho ukubola, isikhutha ukhunta kumiswa eqinisekisa impilo ende ecowool impahla (abakhiqizi ukwahlukanisa isiqinisekiso isikhathi inkonzo iminyaka engu-65, okuyinto isikhathi eside ngokwanele kulesi sakhiwo);

- kuyinto soundproofing impahla kakhulu, ikakhulukazi odongeni slabs futhi izindonga esiyinhlanganisela;

- ukumelana indaba izinqubo convective, lapho izikhatha zomoya oshisayo ngaphakathi esikhundleni ukwahlukanisa abandayo.

isiphetho

Ikhumbula izici futhi izakhiwo emimoya ecowool, umthengi ukubuyekezwa, elalisetshenziswa ke, kungashiwo ngokuthi okokusebenza Ezimweni eziningi ahlolwa njengencenye omuhle. Kulokhu, isici main lapho ecowool uthanda, kuzo zonke izindleko zayo ongaphakeme. Into ebaluleke kakhulu - ke uhlala ngokuvumelana negama cellulose yayo Fibre - ukotini emvelweni, a ukwaziswa ayinazo compounds phenolic, ngokungafani nezinye izinhlobo ukwakhiwa uvolo: basalt, idwala kanye ingilazi uboya.