26 Apreli 1986 eChernobyl esikhungweni samandla enuzi ukuqhuma, okuyinto wehla emlandweni njengoba enye yezinhlekelele ezimbi kakhulu efana nayo. Ngenxa yalokho, imvelo eseke izikhathi 10 ngaphezulu enemisebe kunokuthi ngemva kokuwa ibhomu le-athomu eHiroshima.
Ukuqhuma kuholele ukukhululwa emoyeni igesi enemisebe oye sisabalale Central ne-Southern Europe. Ngo abantu abo ngamashumi omathathu anamnye yafa ngesikhathi ingozi, kanye nenani emisebeni ukuchayeka izisulu kunzima uningilize. Mayelana 350,000 izakhamizi baphoqeleka ukuba babaleke ezindlini zabo ezithokomele indawo okungayi - indawo 30-ikhilomitha emhlabeni simila. Emadolobha esichaphazeleke babe Pripyat, okuyinto uhlala eyihlane kuze kube yilolu suku. izithombe zethu zibonisa kanjani edolobheni olufana ngo-2016.
Kungani le ngozi yenzeke
Ukuqhuma kwenzeke ngenxa yezizathu ezimbili. Inkinga yokuqala enkulu kwakuwukuthi usakhiwa sokuphehla amandla namaphutha. physics American umklomelo kaNobel Hans Bethe abize lokhu ngokuthi "ukuntengantenga esakhelwe ngaphakathi."
Ngesikhathi le ngozi ke kwadingeka ezine amandla ophendulayo amandla nomthamo 1,000 MW. Owesihlanu wayengakafiki ukusebenza.
Enye yezinkinga eziningi - isakhiwo we containment ophendulayo. Yakhiwa ngokuphelele ngokhonkolo sabo futhi kwadingeka ukuba kwagcizelela ngensimbi.
Imbangela ngokushesha ukuthi kugqamuke amalangabi kwaba kuhlulekile experiment kagesi.
Onjiniyela wayefuna ukubona ukuthi bathole ugesi kusukela ugesi ophephela, kulesi sikhungo kucishwa, kodwa ophephela namanje ezisebenza nge inertia.
Ukuze aqhube ukuhlolwa, onjiniyela kwadingeka ukuvala ukuzilawula ngokuzenzekelayo ukuphepha amandla plant, kanye iningi izinduku ukulawula esiteshini, okuyinto ukuncela neutron nama kukhawulwe ukuphendula.
Inkinga wukuthi onjiniyela ziye zanciphisa amandla ezingeni ophendulayo kuyashesha kakhulu.
Lokhu iphutha elibi kakhulu okwaholela uchungechunge ezinye izinqumo ezimbi futhi ekugcineni okukhulu ukuqhuma kwamakhemikhali.
endaweni evinjelwe
Burning metal izingcezu ehlakazekile emoyeni, okubangela imililo lapho lawela. Ngenxa emisebeni ezinesihlungu endaweni eChernobyl kwathiwa endaweni kungavunyelwe ukuvakashela.
Pripyat edolobheni, etholakala eduze esikhungweni sokuphehla amandla enuzi, lalinabantu ikakhulukazi abasebenzi amandla nemindeni yabo.
Ngosuku olulandela ukuqhuma ngomhlaka 27 kuSihlabantangana, labantu wanikezwa isikhathi esincane ukuqoqa zonke izinto.
Yini kuyabonakala edolobheni namuhla
Ukuze ungene emzini namuhla, izivakashi kumele zidlule ekuhlolweni ukuphepha kanye imvume futhi isiqondiso.
Ngaphakathi isakhiwo usengayibona yezingane igesi buso osayizi.
Itshwayo izingalo elaliyiSoviet Union wahlala phezulu elingaphansi kwesakhiwo sokuhlala ishiywe Pripyat.
Abantu zisekhona kuyingozi ukuhlala endaweni eChernobyl, kodwa emisebeni kungaphazamisi izilwane, okuyinto manje bachuma eduze indawo crash.
amanzi Radioactive, inhlabathi kanye esemoyeni ezisasithinta labo abasondelene zone inyumbazane.
I Greenpeace ibalwa ezingase ingqikithi nezinkinga zempilo ngqo kubangelwa yengozi eChernobyl esikhungweni samandla enuzi aye afa phakathi kwabantu 100 kuya kwangu-400 eziyinkulungwane.