Bonsai: indlela yokutshala kusuka imbewu. Growing bonsai kusuka zikaphayini, yebo isihlekehleke somuthi, Maple

Bonsai - komtamariske nge isiqu nomqhele yinqaba. Umlando walo welula emuva ezikhathini zasendulo e-China, kodwa e-Japan bonsai savela izitshalo nje ongavamile ku ubuciko samanje. Namuhla, futhi bona izihlahla, nezindlela kulinywe yabo luchazwa ngegama elithi "bonsai". Indlela yokutshala isimangaliso ekhaya? isikhathi esingakanani edingekayo ukuze abavamile unesitshalo noma yisithombo isihlahla yaphenduka isici akancike we-decor? Indlela yokutshala bonsai yemifino zikaphayini noma oluqinile? Mayelana zonke ezingaba nentshisekelo kule art Japanese, esixoxe ngawo esihlokweni ngezansi.

Kungani abaningi kangaka bekhetha ncamashi bonsai phakathi namakhulu zezitshalo?

izimbali potted kungaba hlobisa iyiphi elingaphakathi, engeza ukukhanya futhi freshness. Ngaphezu kwalokho, izitshalo bukhoma ekuhlanzeni umoya futhi bazogcwalisa ke umoya-mpilo. Othanda izimbali, kodwa hhayi endaweni enkulu ngokwanele ukuze kuhlaliswe amakhophi ezinkulu lwentshebe, ngokuvamile ukhethe bonsai. Indlela yokutshala ngokwakho, nesithakazelo abathandi izitshalo zasendlini ikakhulukazi kweqiniso, ngoba kuthatha isikhathi esiningi nomzamo omkhulu. Nakuba lokhu zohlobo kanye into encane, kodwa kusenzima esihlahleni, futhi ngenxa yalokho, kwakhiwa it is in indaba iminyaka kunokuba izinyanga, njengoba izimbali njalo engadini efasiteleni. Umbuzo ka-indlela yokutshala bonsai kusuka imbewu, asethwe abaningana, kusukela lo msebenzi onzima kakhulu futhi kudinga isineke. Ngesikhathi esifanayo ukunakekela izihlahla yemifino, udala umqhele yinqaba, phansi decor - konke lokhu kwenza i play omkhulu kangaka ukuze amehlo akho engqondo, ngakho okwakhe kanye injabulo enkulu kakhulu kunanoma ukutshalwa ezivamile zezitshalo zasendlini. Ngakho, ingabe ukulungele? Khona-ke siqala ukuba simazi ne art bonsai konke okwakubikezelwe!

Indlela ukukhetha isitshalo ukwakha bonsai?

Kanjani ukuze utshale isihlahla bonsai uma wenza lutho ngakho awazi? Yiqiniso, kufanele uqale nge ukukhethwa lokutshala ezibonakalayo. Ngokuvamile, le nqubo kwenzeka egumbini lezingane noma abamba ukushisa. Phakathi izihlahla lezihlahla kanye coniferous ezikhulayo esigodini sakithi, izintandokazi ngokuphelele kukhona maple and kaphayini. Yenza bonsai wabo ngokushesha behluleka, kodwa ekugcineni uthole okungcono kakhulu lokhu "yemifino" in the best isiko Japanese. Ungazama enkulu ukuze utshale isihlahla miniature kanye nezinye izinhlobo, phakathi lapho:

• amamaki Lilac ezihlukahlukene;
• spirea;
• Saskatoon;
• cherry;
• sonwele;
• apula esihlahleni;
• zokhuni;
• larch;
• viburnum;
• cotoneaster;
• hawthorn;
• birch;
• Barberry.

Eqinisweni, ukwakha bonsai real kusuka cishe kunoma isitshalo. Into esemqoka ukuthi bazizwa benethezekile kuleli isimo sezulu sendawo nenhlabathi kahle ikubekezelele izihlahla njalo.

lula kakhulu ukuba zikhule bonsai ezimbizeni zezimbali. Ochwepheshe batusa ukuba makudle kahle ekhelini izinhlobo namahlamvu ezincane. Kanti anizazeli yini kakade esichazwa ngokuthi bonsai ficus Benjamin, ikhofi kwesihlahla, lemon noma amakhiwane. Ayikho sibi izobukeka Hibiscus, siluhlaza boxwood futhi umfire.

Futhi elinye icebiso ukuphetha le ngxenye ingxoxo mayelana bonsai: Khetha izitshalo okuthandayo. Work at kuyoba eside, futhi umphumela akunakwenzeka ukuba abakhaliphile uma umuthi ingabe unesicefe unuka noma ukuqhakaza.

Indlela ukukhetha ebhodweni bese emhlabathini bonsai?

Ngakho, oyikhethile futhi uthenge yisithombo ofuna ukwakha bonsai. Indlela ikhule eqinile nenempilo? Konke kuqala lapho ukhetha amabhodwe zokutshala.

Imbiza ekahle Japanese yemifino nezihlahla - ngesitsha sobumba, hhayi esijule kakhulu, ubukhulu esikhulu, efana endishini. Yibeke kufanele ngokwanele ukuqinisekisa ukuthi izimpande bonsai kusekeliwe simboziwe.

Kulokhu, engathandeki ukusebenzisa umhlabathi izitshalo abavamile zasendlini ngoba kunesithembiso eziningi umswakama, kanye uhlelo impande izithombo angase ukubola. Emvelweni, bonsai sikhule ezinzima, ku Stony nemithambeka, ukunamathela edwaleni cishe elingenalutho. Yiqiniso, lokhu akusho ukuthi izimo esihlahleni ekhaya kufanele lukhule emadwaleni, kodwa izinga kwenhlabathi kufanele kube eseduze zemvelo. Endabeni umsebenzi eyinhloko ebhodweni bonsai nomhlabathi - silinganisa ingxenye zasemoyeni we yisithombo.

Indlela yokutshala bonsai?

Gilazi kumelwe zinemigodi amanzi. It is ibuye Kunconywa ukuba abeke phansi kugridi, ukuvimbela leaching enhlabathini. Ngaphambi kokuba atshale izimpande a bonsai okuqoqiwe ukuze izitshalo ndawonye kwesinye isitsha. Thela phezu grid kancane inhlabathi ke beka somuthi tie ingxenye elikhulu ngocingo lokubiyela komhlaba, ukulungisa ukuze ethangini ngokusebenzisa izimbobo amanzi. Qeda ukugcwalisa imbiza inhlabathi kanye namanzi bonsai.

Phawula ukuthi lezi zinhlobo isihlahla isimo sezulu sifudumele, ukutshala entwasahlobo. Uma uhlela ukuba iphenduke bomdabu bonsai zasezindaweni ezishisayo, kungenziwa nganoma yisiphi isikhathi sonyaka.

Indlela anakekele bonsai?

Indlela yokutshala bonsai ekhaya? Ukuze wenze lokhu, kumele uhlale kukhanyisa lokushisa izimo ezithile zasendlini, ukwakha ezingeni esanele umswakama futhi bahlele ukuthambisa avamile. Kufanele kuqashelwe ukuthi i-bonsai - kuba isiko ukuthi Ngeke uhlale njalo egumbini. Kufanele kwenzeke ngezikhathi ukuthumela sishaywe: on emphemeni, kuvulandi noma ingadi.

izihlahla Khanyisa badinga eningi, ikakhulukazi sezulu esinamafu futhi ebusika, lapho usuku sifushane. Ukulungisa isimo kuzosiza ukusetshenziswa izibani Fluorescent.

Umswakama emhlabeni bonsai inakekelwa ezingeni efanele ngokubeka isitsha esincane esilandelayo nge ebhodweni amanzi. Kungenzeka ukuhlela sishaye nsuku zonke ngqo bonsai spray. Yenza lokhu ekuseni kwaze kwahlwa eshiya isikhathi ukuze ome.

izimo lokushisa akhethiwe kumuntu ngamunye, kuya izidingo ezithile izinkuni. Ngokwesibonelo, abantu abavela ezisondelene (emhlophe, umnqumo, et umbomvana al.) Zizwe ukhululekile ezingeni lokushisa 7-15 ° C. bonsai Tropical kudingeka ukufudumeza - kusuka 16 kuya 25 ° C.

Izihlahla bazithela njalo kodwa izingxenye ezincane. Inhlabathi imbiza kufanele kube esemanzi kodwa hhayi ezimanzi kakhulu ngaso sonke isikhathi. Amanzi ngaphambilini decanted. Ideal - kuyinto meltwater. Nakekela ukuthi uma ukuchelela oswakanyiswe lonke ukushuba we inhlabathi in the ebhodweni. Summer "isiphuzo" bonsai kufanele kube kaningi njengoba zikhula kulesi sikhathi babubukhulu ngokwengeziwe.

Indlela ukulungiselela imbewu nezihlahla in yesikhumbuzo?

Uma unesithakazelo indlela yokutshala a bonsai kusuka imbewu, nje ulungele yokuthi isikhathi kwakuzothatha eziningi, ngezinye izikhathi ngisho eminyakeni engaphezu kuka-5. Ukutshala impahla angathengwa at nursery, umyalelo inthanethi noma baqoqe ngisho ngokwakho epaki eliseduze.

izihlahla Tropical landa lisuka imbewu boxwood, nombomvana, glycine, ficus, ezibanzi - beech, hornbeam, Maple, Elm, birch, uphayini - umsedari, uphayini, * nomthidari, * nomkhoba.

Ukutshala impahla izinhlobo ezifana hawthorn, umjunipha, Quince, sidinga ukugcina uphumule izinyanga 6-12. Imbewu ezibekwe esitsheni isihlabathi ezimanzi futhi ushiye endaweni epholile. zikaphayini Ikusasa, sonwele fir eyingqopha-oki, kunalokho, kungcono kakhulu kulinywa ngokushesha ngemva kokuvuna.

Ngakho, indlela yokutshala isihlahla se-oki bonsai noma ezinye imbewu zohlobo? Ngokushesha ngaphambi kokutshala kwabo imila emanzini, moss noma vermiculite. Wayephule igobolondo yabo kanzima ukuthuthukisa ukuhluma. It is ibuye Kunconywa ukuba afeze fungicide ukwelashwa imbewu nomhlabathi inzalo ukunciphisa kungenzeka kwamagciwane nezifo.

Kuphi futhi kanjani ukutshala imila imbewu bonsai?

Nakuba ukutshala ichichima impahla, ukulungiselela amabhodwe. Ifanele Peat izinkomishi noma plastic ezivamile, egcwele Peat nesihlabathi ingxube (1: 1). Umhlabathi ngokwawo ohlangene, ke zibekwe imbewu, futhi phezulu kuthululwe isihlabathi indawo. Mboza isitsha ifilimu noma ingilazi ukwakha Isivuvu. Ungakhohlwa ukuqapha umswakamo okuholela mini-teplichke.

Lapho isihlabathi dweba amahlumela zokuqala, ahlele angabiki njalo, futhi ngemva ukubukeka amahlamvu izithombo angavulwa ngokugcwele. Lapho ufika ukuphakama plant 10 cm plastic cup okungathatha isikhundla imbiza egcwele. Kusukela ngaleso sikhathi, ungakwazi kancane kancane baqala ikusasa bonsai.

Indlela yokutshala bonsai kusuka cuttings?

Kulabo abafuna ukufunda indlela yokutshala bonsai ngenkathi saving time, chaza indlela kumiswa bonsai kusuka cuttings. Eluqhathanisa indlela imbewu, wazi ukuthi inqubo itawunonophiswa ngu esingangonyaka. Cuttings bafa kusukela amahlumela bok okunempilo kanye izimpande enhlabathini evundile noma isihlabathi ezimanzi. Uma ukhetha softwood, ukwenza ngcono ngo-Ephreli noma ekuqaleni kuka-September. Ukulungisa cuttings for bonsai lezihlahla ukuncoma Juni.

Okubalulekile: enkulu ukuze utshale isihlahla we amahlumela ngesikele sokuthena cut zikaphayini noma umsedari ngeke zisebenze. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, uma unentshisekelo indlela yokutshala bonsai maple ngokuxhunyelelwa indlela, ukwazi amahlumela kwalesi silwane, kanye elms, Barberry, hornbeam nezihlahla, ezisetshenziswa Hedges, ngazivumelanisa nendlela kahle. Softwood impande isikhathi eside, kokunye kuze kuphele iminyaka. Isikhathi sokuqala emva ukhula lwenkohlakalo egcwele ka cuttings kudingeka afune ngokucophelela: intukuthelo, njalo waphuzisa. Ukuvundiswa akudingekile ukuba enze njengoba isamba elanele izakhi uku ekhanyayo.

Kanjani ukwakha umqhele bonsai?

Kukhona izitayela eziningana bonsai. Kanjani ukuze utshale isihlahla bebodwa, ukuze lube kanje "Japanese"? Okokuqala, Crohn bonsai kufanele abe ukuma oyindilinga. yasekuqaleni kakhulu ukubukeka izihlahla kabani amagatsha akha evelele esiphezulu eziyizitezi ovundlile uhlaza uqweqwe ngamunye kubo. Qaphela ukuthi lokhu akuyona nje enhle, kodwa futhi bonsai enempilo kakhulu.

I izihlahla lokuqala wenziwa ngokushesha ngemuva betshala izitshalo ezisencane. Ingabe engawayekanga amagatsha: kubalulekile ukuba ushiye kuphela lezo angena ngalé yakho yasungulwa we bonsai esizayo. Ebophela emvinini amahlumela ukuze izimpande, emazombezombe wire noma edonsa imithwalo, ungasetha isiqondiso oyifunayo lomuthi ukukhula. Ngesikhathi esifanayo wena usabalalise amandla phakathi kwamagatsha namandla futhi buthaka.

izihlahla kakhulu olunzulu Kwenziwa emva ebusika. Ngenkathi umqhele bonsai ulungise haircuts ukuthethelela abanye. Le nqubo akuxhomekile nje kuphela esimweni kho personal fiso! Ngesimo izihlahla, kodwa futhi ku zohlobo simila.

Artificial bonsai ukuguga

Indlela ukhule ube ikhaya bonsai esihlahleni ukuze emva kweminyaka 1-2, sekubonakala sengathi anakho iminyaka engaphezu kweshumi? Kukhona isu elikhethekile yokuguga. Ngezinye izikhathi usebenzisa ummese noma wire bezihlahla ukuze bonsai isiqu izingxenye zisuswe we- cortex. Nge ukubekezela neziny ulwazi theory, ungakwazi ukuhlukanisa ngisho esihlahleni noma alenze eziyize. Uma uhlela ukuba ushiye sprig of eziphilayo, ayikwazi ngokuphelele ngaphandle amagxolo. Gcina okungenani isiqeshana ezondile ukuthi uyokhulula ukudla esiqwini kuya indiza phezulu. amagatsha ezifileyo sostarivayut ngaphezulu ngobudlova, usebenzisa umshini wokusika okhethekile izinkuni. isiqu Bare ngezinye izikhathi namabala noma, kunalokho, kuyinto ukuphupha.

Juniper, uphayini sonwele engcono letihambisana impatho enjalo, ngoba ukhuni yabo iqukethe izinto ezikhethekile ukuthi ukuvimbela ukuthuthukiswa isikhunta futhi bola.

imigomo eziningana kubalandeli kweqiniso bonsai: Izitshalo ne amagxolo ekhishiwe ngokuthi "sharimiki" futhi isiqu yokuhlukanisa - "sabamiki".

emoyeni Bokuhlela

Air layering kudingekile ukulungisa ifomu bonsai, isibonelo, uma isiqu lide kakhulu.

Ukuze uthole amahlumela, esiqwini izitshalo lezihlahla ezingeni lelifanele wenze imbobo isiyingi bese ususa strip amagxolo. Indlela yokutshala bonsai kusukela izihlahla zikaphayini lokusebenzisa leli su? Nge AmaConifers ukusebenza ngokuhlukile kancane: ukubaleka ahlanganiswe wire ukuze uvele isilonda, bese moisten stimulator ukhula lwenkohlakalo egcwele. I okudalwa ezimweni zombili sphagnum zihambisana ezimanzi futhi ukuvikela bezinhlamvu amanetha umiyane ogcwele inhlabathi evundile. Feza le nqubo kungcono entwasahlobo.

Reveal ikhava ekwindla (conifer bonsai - ngemva konyaka). At the site Imi avele izimpande abasha. Ngemva kwalokho kufanele ulinde kuze izimpande musa baqine. Sonke lesi sikhathi, kufanele siqhubeke ukuhlala ngaphansi ikhava.

Uma ubona ukuthi izimpande zilungele ukuqinisekisa ukuthi izimpahla izakhi Bonsai inhlabathi, ukhipha ikhava, usike isitshalo ngaphansi nje cuttings bese efakwa esitsheni entsha.

Yiqiniso, le ndaba mayelana art Japanese zezihlahla yemifino kanye nokukhula yaso ikude ephelele. Uma unquma ukudala bonsai kwakho koqobo, uzodinga ukuze ufunde kabanzi mayelana kakhulu. Nokho, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi hlobo ukhuni isitayela obakhethayo, khumbula ukuthi kuleli cala Into esemqoka - ukubekezela, ukunakwa, ukunakekelwa, futhi ... emcabangweni wakho!