Bone metastases.

Enye yezinkinga ezinkulu yazo zonke umdlavuza - ukuqala ongenakugwenywa esigabeni sokugcina - esiteji Ukudlulela. Ukudlulela foci kuyinto neoplasms abulalayo ukuthi ukugeleza lymph noma igazi alotshwe izitho ezikude nezicubu, lapho ucala kutfutfukisa inqubo neoplastic.

Umdlavuza ephelele cishe zakho konke kwezitho nezicubu kungase iyakhula ethanjeni. izilonda okunjalo kungatholakala cishe kunoma iyiphi ithambo izakhiwo. The njalo kunazo - metastases kabuhlungu emgogodleni, okungenani ngo ukhalo, izimbambo nasemilenzeni.

Yini izimila iyakhula ukuba ithambo?

Ngokuvamile, le nqubo kwenzeka uma ndlala umdlavuza ndlala wesinye mammary nezindlala.

Kunezinhlobo ezimbili eziyisisekelo inqubo sokugembula e ithambo - osteoblastic futhi osteolytic metatstazirovanie. Ukuze ifomu uphawu lokuqala esivamile ithambo izicubu, ikakhulukazi okumbiwa phansi yayo ingxenye. Ifomu yesibili kusiza "ukuwasha out" amaminerali, okuyinto nakanjani akuhileli thinning kanye waphuka.

I pathogenesis yalesi sifo wukuthi ekhuthaza cell lwesimila. Uma Ukudlulela yomdlavuza kuhilela osteoblasts enqubeni - ekuthuthukiseni osteoblastic fomu. Lapho isimila kuqala endleleni yabo ihlangabezana ithambo resorbing amaseli (osteoclasts) - Ukwakheka kwezitho metastases osteolysis.

Ezimweni eziningi, ukubukeka metastases e ithambo kubangela ubuhlungu odlule. Ubuhlungu syndrome ibangelwa ukulimala eziyimpumelelo ezinzwa isimila neziqu, ukwanda ingcindezi ngaphakathi wethambo, futhi ngenxa yokucasuka eziyimpumelelo ka yezinzwa labelwe Ukudlulela izinto. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ubuhlungu kwenzeka uma amathambo waphuka kubangelwa thinning of the last (nobuntu amafomu osteolytic). Ukuze wakhe owakho osteoblastic isici hypercalcemia uzwakalise (high blood calcium).

Ngengozi waphuka iyona awokuthi yezinkinga - embolism yamaphaphu, deep vein thromboembolism (ekugcineni, lokhu kuholela ekulahlekelweni obusebenzayo ukulayisha isitho noma esitho kanye nokusebenza).

Bone metastases uxilongwe usebenzisa-X-ray. Ngenxa yale njongo, sebenzisa esimweni kwacaca eziningi izilonda metastatic, kanye ifomu osteolytic. Endabeni osteoblastic eyenziwa amaskeni radionuclide. Eyodwa yezindlela yomazisi, lapho kungabonwa yini ithambo metastases kuphela, kodwa nakwezinye kwezitho nezicubu - PET 18P-deoxyglucose.

ukuphathwa Steel ithambo metastases siboniswa zokugcina kungenzeka ukwa. udokotela ohlinzayo olungisa amathambo bahlinza ukuqinisa ithambo ngu izikhonkwane ufaka futhi ekubalekeleni ne amathambo usimende lwesimila.

ukwelashwa ngemisebe at umthamo mayelana nanhlanu - amabili nanhlanu gy (ezibangelwa amafraktjhini ezine), kwesigamu iziguli ukunyamalala ubuhlungu. Umthamo amathathu - gy amane nanhlanu kubangela ukuba ngcono okukhulu kule ngezimo zesiguli, ikakhulukazi lezo zinguquko athuthukiswe phezu ukuchayeka olandelayo ezimbili - amasonto amathathu.

Ukusebenza wesibili emva ukwelashwa ngemisebe, ukusetshenziswa Sesithombe enemisebe. Manje kabanzi ukwelashwa bisphosphonate. Lokhu acid ekhethekile zivimbela umsebenzi osteoclasts. Ngaphezu kwalokho, le mithi buthaka kobukhulu ubuhlungu waphuka amathambo, kanye ukuthuthukiswa izimila.

Ngakho, onalesi sifo ngoba Ukudlulela ethanjeni zingase zihluke, kuncike kwasendaweni osteblastnoy noma osteolytic amafomu nezindlela zokwelashwa.