Biography Vladimira Komarova futhi amaqiniso athakazelisayo zokuphila

Cosmodrome "Baikonur" 3 am Apreli 23, 1967 wathatha ezimbili nje odumile isikhala wabahloli: Yuri Gagarin futhi uVladimir Komarov. Kulesi busuku bezigemegeme Yuri njengenhlangano test understudy, kodwa okokuqala nokumqoka njengoba umngane ephelezelwa umngane wakhe indiza phezu mkhathi "Soyuz-1". Kwaba imizuzu 35 ngaphambi kokuqala ukusebenza, futhi lift wathatha osomkhathi phezu rocket kuya imoto. Gagarin wahlala uVladimir Komarov ngaphambi kokuvala lichanyuselwe, futhi kwaba elokugcina ababefisa kuye inhlanhla ... futhi ngiyovalelisa kuye.

sipho imfihlo

Ngo-1959, njengoba umshayeli lempi, uVladimir Mikhailovich iye yabangela ukuphathwa ukuze ehhovisi, lapho bahlangana abantu ababili omele wayelandelwa. Omunye wabo kwakungu-udokotela lempi, kanti eyesibili - Air Force sombutho. Lo chwepheshe abasha wanikelwa umsebenzi imfihlo, futhi wathi kuphela kuyodingeka ukuhlola inqubo futhi fly ngesikhathi ephakeme. "Ekugcineni", - Vladimir Komarov wacabanga, ngoba ezindizayo kwaba iphupho lakhe. Ngakho-ke, ukusabela kwakhe ngokushesha futhi ube owakhayo.

Lo nyaka kwakukhona Cosmonaut Ukukhetha test, izidingo eziyisisekelo yilezi: ukuphakama 1.7 amamitha kanye nesisindo 70 kg futhi kuze kube iminyaka engu-30. Ngaleso sikhathi, uVladimir eneminyaka engu-32 ubudala, kodwa ulwazi ayenalo theory kwaba umyalo kunesidingo, njalo wayephambi squad ka 20 letikhetselwe ukuhlolwa imfihlo.

Abashayeli kwadingeka agijime nsuku zonke, asebenzise ngesikhathi sokushisa chamber, Centrifuge futhi Skydive. 3 kuphela izinyanga, kwaba sobala ukuthi guys zilungele kuthunyelwe emkhathini.

indiza sasekhaya

Ukubuthela ke ehlelelwe ukukhetha kosmoprohodtsa eyodwa kuphela, kodwa ngemva ngendiza yokuqala Yuriya gagarina, obethi futhi akhethiwe ku amabili phezulu, kwaba sobala ukuthi ukusebenza indoda eyodwa ukuhlola umkhathi akugcini.

Futhi ngo-October 12, 1964 wathumela ku isikhala kuqala multi-seater emhlabeni "Voskhod". Kuhlelwe abasebenzi abathathu: umshayeli, udokotela kanye unjiniyela. UVladimir Komarov esimisiwe induna nezisebenzi. Futhi, isinqumo High Command ukuthumela abantu ngaphandle isikhala amasudi, ngoba isikhala amathathu "kwelanga" akwanele.

Imoto kwaqalwa ngesikhathi 7:30 ekuseni, ulandelwe umbiko bendabuko Komarov wamnikela Khrushchev ke ucingo lwesibili ku-Kremlin aziswe inqubekela phambili uBrezhnev futhi D. Ustinov. Nokho, abaholi benhlangano zazingezi. Futhi lokhu akukho ngozi, ngoba ngalesi sikhathi ukulungiselela "Small Okthoba Revolution", ogama Inhloso kwaba ukuketula uhulumeni wamanje.

Ukubika?

Nge indiza yokuqala Gagarin kwaba isiko owawuthi uNobhala Jikelele sihlangabezane osomkhathi on Red Square esidlule omkhulu umbiko ukusebenza kwenziwa.

Ngemva kokwehla, i- "Dawn" ebhodini nge uVladimir Komarov Khrushchev kwase selisusiwe ku amandla, owafunda umbiko olungiswe ekufuneni ukwazi okungaziwa. Nakuba unobhala jikelele kwadingeka esihlalweni ngaphandle umbusi, lo osomkhathi kabavumelanga iqembu Baikonur. Ngemva kwezinsuku ezinhlanu ochwepheshe wahlala ekusithekeni, ngoba landizela at NS Khrushchev futhi wabuya njengoba kamuva okwakuzoba yisikhungo eyaziwa, kuyilapho leonid uBrezhnev.

Lapho amatilosi wanikwa ukuvuma ngekhanda ukufika e Moscow, uVladimir flight isikhathi iqala kabusha umbiko futhi imibhalo imibiko nge esikhundleni isicelo olusemthethweni. Kulawa, ibinzana manje inyamalala: "Sawubona Nikita Sergeyevich!"

Indiza eya "kwelanga" eshintsha ngokuphelele ukuphila umshayeli lwebutho manje Cosmonaut uVladimir Komarov - Hero zaseSoviet Union ngaphandle kokuphazanyiswa.

Usizo imbangi

Phakathi nawo-60s kwakukhona amabili isikhala iyunithi: ochwepheshe amasosha nezakhamuzi. kwaba ubutha phakathi kwamaqembu. Lisitshela Georgy Grechko, owayeneminyaka ingxenye osomkhathi sokuya empini phakathi ukuqeqeshwa ngokomzimba guys kusukela lamabutho empi esasikuyo manje nayo yayibiyelwe izimbangi ukuthola ukuthi kungani beza e umyalo isikhala. Phela, cabanga ngendaba Civil Onjiniyela ukwakha imikhumbi, kanti guys kusukela Abezempi babehlose fly. Futhi kwaba zonke okungalungile, endaweni e mkhathi kwakuhlezi amaPhoyisa Ochwepheshe zomsebenzi.

Encwadini ngeziphansi impi ukungathandi isitha sakhe sasesisiliswa afuthwe ngesibulali ilungu ngalinye party kodwa nonomusa uVladimir Komarov, ababengabendlu wamabutho. Ngemva kokwehla ezimbi Georgy Grechko, lapho yena waba emlenzeni, umbuzo ukuxoshwa kwakhe. Kodwa uVladimir, ngokuba okuphambene lamabutho, ukuphathwa uyaqiniseka ngesikhathi sokwelashwa Grechko umvumele ukuba ufunde izinkulumo ngesikhathi Cosmonaut Training Centre, futhi ngemva ukululama ephelele ukubuyela ukuqeqeshwa indiza emkhathini.

Izinkinga Zempilo

Ngaphambi ngendiza yokuqala ngo-1963, esimweni esinzima ngesikhathi lapho ngihlolwa wazibonakalisa uVladimir Komarov. Ngemva kokuqeqeshwa endaweni cardiogram Centrifuge umshayeli wabonisa imiphumela abampofu. Inhliziyo - lungaphezu umzimba okubaluleke kakhulu-astronaut kuka ophuke umlenze. Kunenkinga, ikhambi okwakunzima ukuba adabule Kwabiwa umfundi.

Khona-ke iqembu lonke eliholwa Yuriem Gagarinym bavikela umngane wakhe, futhi wamiswa lapho ngihlolwa yesibili. Khona-ke udokotela Adil Kotovskaya wathola isizathu salokhu abampofu yi cardiogram. Into wukuthi ngenyanga ngaphambi Centrifuge uVladimir amalaka zisuswe, futhi phambi ukuqeqesha umshayeli wafihla leli qiniso.

Ucwaningo lwesibili wawumuhle for Komarov, futhi odokotela baphetha ngokuthi: ". With cardiogram enjalo nje zishayeka isikhala"

Youth uVladimir Komarov: Biography

Esikhathini esikoleni eMoscow inombolo 235 wasuka 1st kuya ebangeni 10, Volodya. Uyise wayengumGreki ukuzihlanza futhi ngesikhathi sakhe sokuphumula nendodana yakhe anamatheliswe onobuhle izindiza. It lihlehliselwe uphawu kukhethwa umsebenzi esikhathini esizayo. Ngemva kokuqeda isikole, lo mfana eya esikoleni indiza, kokuphothula ukuthi, ethunyelwe ukukhonza e Chechnya.

Isiteshi duty uVladimir wahlangana nenkosikazi yakhe esizayo uValentina Kiseleva. Ngokokuqala ngqá embona esitfombeni, obala njengasenkundleni shot okuhle a studio photo. Le ntombazane ngesikhathi wayetadisha at the Pedagogical University futhi wasebenza njengoba yezincwadi kusihlwa. UVladimir ayekuthanda ukufunda, futhi sokuhambela njalo kuya umtapo, lapho kwakukhona amnandi inhliziyo Valentine, indima ethile. Naphezu ukwenqena abazali uValentina sobunye yabo, ngonyaka ka usathandana overruled kubo, indlu yomshado senzeka. Ushadile uValentina futhi uVladimir Komarov saba nezingane ezimbili: indodana Eugene nendodakazi Irina.

iminyaka engu-Kugcine

Uhambo lokuqala luzoba akanikelanga kuphela udumo Komarov, kodwa isipho kusuka isimo - a ezine endlini enamakamelo. Ngemva Ezezindlu ikampu kwaba abode nezinezingadi kuvulandi, a Loggia nekhishi ezinkulu. Manje izingane isikhala esanele ukudlala Fihla futhi afune, ngaphandle kokushiya ekhaya. Zonke zajabula, ngaphandle kwe-Valentine. unkosikazi Okuthile ezicindezelayo-astronaut sika.

Mashi 16, 1967 efulethini wathola izivakashi ngosuku esenzeka wamashumi amane Vladimir. Victor Kukeshev kuxoxwa enikelwe inkumbulo hero of the ifilimu, wathi umgubho weminyaka wamashumi amane imakwe elithelayo. On the merry ukugubha akekho kwababemenyiwe wahluleka ucabange ukuthi ngemuva kwezinyanga 1.5 bayobona isithombe Vladimira Komarova nge iribhoni black ezansi.

Ukwethulwa "Soyuz-1"

Ngemva kokumukisa "Soyuz-1" ebhodini nge Komarov KVN ababukeli ngafunda ukuthi isikhala manje, April 23, 1967, kukhona osomkhathi Soviet. Phela, endaweni yesehlakalo ezihlekisayo yezwe yanikwa phansi poster ngalolu lwazi. Hall wanikeza ukubakhona kwe lalithimba emi. Futhi ngo-April 24 noma yimiphi imibiko kanye nemibiko evela emkhathini ayikwazanga ukuzwa. UValentina esabalindele iqhawe layo. Wake-up call umkayo kwaba uhambo ikhaya ifoni okungazelelwe. Nakuba ayazi ukuthi ifoni pilot wamabutho kwakuyinto njalo isimo ukusebenza. Kodwa black iVolga evenini emnyango ekugcineni Komarovs wabulala ithemba ukubona Valentine zakho ozithandayo. ULieutenant General, owafika wazise umndeni mayelana astronaut nhlekelele, wayengenayo ngisho ukusho izinkulumo ukuvulwa. Valentine nje bambuza ngalokho nobuqiniso bolwazi.

April 26, 1967 labetibambile umngcwabo Hero zaseSoviet Union ngaphandle kokuphazanyiswa. Cosmonaut uVladimir Komarov ukuthi immortalized odongeni Kremlin. Futhi manje kukhona isitsha nge umlotha walo.

Izimbangela indiza akuphumelelanga

"Soyuz-1" Flying umkhumbi sonke isikhathi lenyuswa, ngoba ngaso sonke isikhathi kwakunezinkinga okwakufanele kwavala. Kodwa abaklami waphuthuma abaphathi abaphezulu ngokushesha uqalise umkhumbi futhi uqondane ekuzuzweni kwemiPhumela iminyaka engu-50 Okthoba Revolution. Zonke ngokwengeziwe ngokugcina isikhathi ukubangisana kwemibuso emikhulu yesibili - United States iye yathuthuka kakhulu e ukuhlola umkhathi.

Ukuphepha edingekayo kwethulwa izindiza unmanned. "Soyuz-1" zonke ezintathu test unmanned kuhlulekile, nokho ebhodini nge Komarov wathunyelwa emkhathini. Emva kokuthatha umkhumbi ku-orbit enkingeni waqala ayivulwanga yeseli welanga, futhi lokhu kuntuleka amandla futhi ngenxa yalokho, ukwehluleka ukuzilawula ngokuzenzekelayo. UVladimir isiqale unyathela amabhuleki injini, iyunithi waqala ukulungiselela for kokwehla. Isikhungo control wabubula, kodwa kubikwe ukuthi uVladimir Komarov wabulawa Orsk. Photo izinsalela ushiswe uhambo emhlabeni wonke wonke manje, kodwa ke ayelapho amaningi kakhulu zalabo babe necala ekufeni, futhi isenzo nobuqhawe ezibulalayo akuzange wamboza noma iliphi iphephandaba. Okwamanje imbangela yokufa kwamenyezelwa twist ezizibeni we-parachute, ngenxa lapho umkhumbi banyukubala ngokushesha. Kwabe sekulandela Ikhomishana yathola 200 amaphutha "Soyuz-1". Zagcina iqedwe, futhi kuze kube namuhla, umkhumbi uhamba ngaphandle kwenkinga.