Biography Ozhegova Sergeya Ivanovicha. "Dictionary of isiRashiya" S. I. Ozhegova

Burns Sergey Ivanovich - sezilimi esidumile, lexicology uProfessor, Doctor of kolimi, ungumdali "esishoyo Dictionary isiRashiya", ozalwa Septhemba 23, 1900 esifundazweni Tver, edolobhaneni Stone Novotorzhsky County.

Biography emfushane Ozhegova izingane kwasekuqaleni lisitshela ngomkhaya lapho wazalwa futhi ngakhulela umdali ikusasa Silulumagama Russian. Ubaba uSergei, Ozhegov Ivan Ivanovich, wayesebenzela wendawo amakhadibhodi iphepha isigayo inqubo unjiniyela. Umama, u-Alexandra wasebenza njengoba womeluki futhi kwaba grandniece ka uthisha futhu sezilimi, uprofesa Petersburg University Gerasim Petrovich Pavsky kabani "kokuma Philological ukubunjwa isiRashiya," ngisho phakathi nesikhathi sokuphila kwakhe yashicilelwa kabili futhi yaklonyeliswa Demidov Prize. ulwazi Mhlawumbe isiphetho Ozhegova predetermined kwesihlobo odumile ezifana, abaziqhenyayo ngokuba naye ebudlelwaneni futhi isifiso sokuqhubeka nomsebenzi yomuntu, ukuqonda indlela ulimi olwakheke ngayo kabanzi abantu ababephila ngesikhathi sabo abanamakhono.

Burns: Biography izingane

Sergey Ozhegov ebusheni bakhe wayelithanda ibhola, nje ukuzuza in ukuthandwa kwaba ngo ezemidlalo kwesigaba, waba mude, ukuqeqeshwa okuhle, futhi ubuhle. Ngemva kokuthutha nomkhaya wakhe ngaphambi kweMpi Yezwe Yokuqala ukuba Petrograd futhi waba iziqu lolimi esikoleni ngo-1918, umfundi wase-University of Petrograd, ukwenza unolwazi, ukukhetha obucace kakhulu esivuna kolimi. Futhi leyo minyaka, esibi futhi elambile, kwakudingekile ukuba Ziningi isibindi ukunikezela umsebenzi wakhe yesayensi esizayo.

Izinyathelo lokuqala ensimini yesayensi

Ngokushesha ngemva kokuqala amakilasi kuphazamisekile ngenxa Sergei ngokuthi ngaphambili. Ngakho, isiphetho yambekela isivivinyo wesilisa obhapathiziwe, okuyinto wasinda ngenhlonipho, iqhaza ezimpini eRussia nase-Ukraine. Ekupheleni inkonzo yezempi, ngo-1922, uSergei Ozhegov ngokushesha waqala ukutadisha eNyuvesi e-Faculty of Linguistics namasiko impahla. Biography Ozhegova, uma ibhekwa ngokombono umsebenzi Vavilov sika, ngoba ukuphila kwakhe konke wayehumusha esifundweni kanye nokugqugquzelwa amazwi Russian. Kuyo yonke iminyaka ama kanzima wawufunda umlando wabantu izincwadi lwakubo, yaba khona izinkulumo Sergeya Petrovicha Obnorskogo - Russian sezilimi-onguchwepheshe kolimi Russian, wafunda Leningrad Isikhungo Umlando Ukufundwa kwezincwadi kanye Izilimi eMpumalanga naseNtshonalanga, nengxenye kulo mhlangano UNikolai Yakovlevich Marr - orientalist Russian. ukuthuthukiswa Creative usosayensi nomthelela emkhathini yesayensi ezazikhona eLeningrad ku-yalolucwaningo 20. Ayefundisa nozakwethu kanye nozakwabo abaphezulu - VV Vinogradov, B. A. Larin, LP Yakubinsky, B. V Tomashevsky. Izinyathelo kuqala isayensi usosayensi, abasebancane futhi abanamakhono, asekelwe osolwazi zezemfundo abanolwazi losayinayo ukumelwa Ozhegova iziqu esikoleni, lapho babhaliswa ngo-1926.

izwi Russian - wokuphila

Kusukela ekupheleni kwawo-1920, uSergei Ozhegov, biography, izithombe zazo ajwayelekile kubo bonke abalandeli yomsebenzi wakhe, okuye kwenza babamba iqhaza elikhulu izincwadi Russian, wasebenza phezu "Dictionary of isiRashiya" - iphrojekthi enkulu, okwathi ngokuhamba kwesikhathi okuthiwa Ushakovsky isichazamazwi. Kwakuphakathi nesikhathi ezinezithelo kakhulu ngenxa sezilimi unekhono uthando nge umsebenzi isichazamazwi, okuyinto wasiza phambili nozakwethu ovelele.

Biography Ozhegova uchaza ubungane obuseduze Dmitriem Ushakovym - usosayensi edume isiRashiya, umculi yasekuqaleni, umfundisi ezehlukile, umthandi futhi ngalendoda Folk kwakudala, abanesibindi indoda ehlakaniphile. Umqondo ukushicilela isichazamazwi sokuqala nenkathi yamaSoviet, lapho kwakungekho "namaSoviet", usebhekene ukugxekwa ezinkulukazi zokugwema izinkinga kosuku futhi yahanjelwa onxiwankulu kuyinto engasho lutho, futhi umkhankaso okuqhubekayo 1935, okuyinto esetshenziswa zonke izinhlobo izindlela, lo mgomo ngoba ukuxoshwa ososayensi abanekhono futhi kufezeke.

Sebenza enhlokodolobha yase amadolobha Russian

Biography Ozhegova ahlobene eduze inhloko-dolobha amadolobha Russian - eMoscow, lapho wathuthela ngo-1936, ngemva nje kwalokho wangenela ijubane zokuphila eMoscow wafundisa ezikhungweni zemfundo ephakeme. Ubizwa umxhwele izifundo theory hhayi kuphela, kodwa futhi ulimi etemibhalo nge lalibizwa kwezinkambiso. Burns ihlanganiswe ne eMoscow, kodwa ngisho iminyaka walithanda kamuva ukuvakashela idolobha ubungqabavu bobusha bakhe, futhi uvakashele nomngane omethembayo, onekhono Leningrad philologist Larina Borisa Aleksandrovicha. Sonke leso sikhathi, abe indawo okumnandi kakhulu empilweni Sergei wathatha ubungane brilliant Dmitry Ushakov, ngubani manje yayiseceleni kwesinagoge.

ukufa kabuhlungu abafowethu ababili abancane Sergei. Jr, Eugene, ngakho ngaphambi kwempi, ebulawa isifo sofuba, futhi phakathi umzalwane, uBoris, abafela kuyo ngenxa yendlala e ovinjezelwe Leningrad.

Iminyaka yempi

Umsebenzi ku isichazamazwi Ozhegov eseqedile ngaphambi nje kwempi, ngo-1940 kwafika 4th (isibongo) ukuthi sekuyinkinga isenzakalo esiyinhloko emkhakheni wesayensi. Burns, ababenza okunjalo iphrojekthi wokuvelela, wayehlala kakade ngemibono emisha, omunye okwakuwuphawu sokuhlanganiswa omningi omunye uhlu. Kodwa ukugcwaliseka kwale phrojekthi esebohlile iminyaka. Isizathu salokhu kwaba ukuqala impi.

Burns akazange kuphunywe nge ososayensi amaqembu wathunyelwa eSiberia kanye nabanye sezimboni Russian. Wahlala eMoscow, lapho Waqhubeka enza into zakhe ozithandayo, zifana ukuba emsebenzini kule ligada ubusuku, ukuzama ukusinika okuthile ukusiza edolobheni lakubo e enjalo ezikhathini ezinzima. Phakathi nale nkathi, uSergei Ozhegova Kwadalwa Russian Yokuhlaziya Imibhalo Yasendulo Yiqiniso, nokufundisa esiqhutshwa abafundi Pedagogical Institute. Inhlangano kolimi wezesayensi, ukufunda ulimi impi - umsebenzi ngalo uye wazinikela phakathi nempi Ozhegov. Kuvele biography ezithakazelisayo ungakwazi khumbula lokhu: Russian philologist zonke sempi wazama ukusiza futhi basizwa bakwazi ukuphinde benze eMoscow kusukela esiphuthumayo eziningi ozakwabo; edolobheni ayizange kuphela wabuya Dmitry Ushakov, hhayi wathwala sezulu Uzbekistan. Inhliziyo yakhe wayeka Apreli 17, 1942, imbangela yokufa kwaba somoya.

zobuntu Ozhegova

Ngo-1947 Ozhegov baqala brainchild yakhe entsha - "Dictionary of isiRashiya", edition yabo yokuqala wakhululwa ngo-1949 futhi sasheshe ukunakwa baxgeki, abafundi nezazi. Biography Ozhegova has 8 izinhlelo ze-Dictionary nge ukuphila usosayensi othile, futhi ngamunye kubo, uSergei Ivanovich babheke ngokucophelela amaphutha kanye baphawula. Futhi namhlanje "ingane" philologist abadumile Russian zithandwa kakhulu futhi uhlobo lokuma lexicographical. Biography Ozhegova ukhuluma ngalokhu philologist enkulu njengoba umuntu ophendulayo futhi ihlale ikulungele ukusiza, kungaba noma yimuphi umuntu ofake isicelo kuye ukuze uthole incazelo yegama noma ngifuna young professional, liphefumulelwe imibono Sergei Ivanovich.

udumo hola futhi ukwazisa wathola umsebenzi onzima futhi unesibopho esinjalo Sergey Ozhegov. Amaqiniso ethakazelisayo oluchaza usitshele ukuthi umbhali waklonyeliswa silulumagama Russian kakhulu kanzima ukushaya critique eshicilelwe ezinye N. Rodionov ephephandabeni "Amasiko Life". Buyekeza ngokuthi "Kuvele isichazamazwi ngeshwa", nokuqukethwe liyalingana isihloko. Burns akakwazanga ukubekezelela izihloko ezifana ngokungenabulungisa wabhala umhleli impendulo oyinhloko we ukushicilelwa ngekhophi iphephandaba "Pravda", ethula entabeni-Umbuyekezi agumenti ezinzima ngenxa nje yokuthi izimiso philological. Futhi ukuvikela umbonwabo.

Ukuthuthukiswa bomdabu ngolimi - ke okungukuthi lonke ekuphileni Ozhegova

Omunye iminyaka ezinezithelo waqala Ozhegova 40s. Wayesebenza kanzima kakhulu, wakhulelwa ngesikhathi amaphrojekthi kwalethwa ngempumelelo ekuphileni kweyishumi kamuva. Omunye wabo - neCentre for the Study yokukhuluma, Ozhegov kwaholela ekubeni kube sekupheleni kwezinsuku zakhe. Omunye ayinhloko izindawo kwakufanele cwaningo nowokuzalwa ulimi futhi yayo ukukhuthazwa. Kanye abasebenzi Sergei idlalwe emsakazweni, wazisa abasakazi nabasebenzi yamabhayisikobho; iphawula philologist owaziwa ngokuvamile ezibhalelwe, futhi umlobi lalilokhu abathintekayo kusihlwa etemibhalo at the House of ososayensi futhi wamema ukubambisana abalobi ezifana KI Chukovsky, i-FV Gladkov, Lev Uspensky. Khona-ke ngaphansi editorship yakhe waqala ukuhamba baye baba izichazamazwi ethandwa imithetho yokubiza, wafunda ngisho emazweni angaphandle.

Ngo-1950, uhlelo we-Institute of isiRashiya uvele isayensi uchungechunge ethandwa "Imibuzo isiko yokukhuluma" - a amaphephabhuku, waphefumulela futhi okuhlelwe SI Ozhegov.

Biography Ozhegova, emfushane futhi ulwazi

Sergei Ivanovich, ehamba phambili okuvulekile befundisa futhi njengendlela lobuchwepheshe eliphezulu ezingeni, kwakuyinto ayengayicabangi kusofa usosayensi nangokuzimisela Uphendule izinguquko ethatha indawo ngolimi, beniyingxenye nesilulumagama abavamile. Yena condescendingly kubhekiselwa kuye ngokuthi "ngamazwi ukwelelesa" intsha ukulalela ijagoni wakhe, Wabasaqalayo buhlonishwa njalo abacwaningi abanamakhono wabanika zonke usizo nesikhuthazo eladonsa abantu kuye. Sergei Ivanovich wakwazi ukubona mathupha nobunye bomuntu ngamunye, ubuntu, ngakho zenze emhlabeni isizukulwane young (okuyinto Chukovsky ngokuthi "Onamandla idlanzana") lwembula ngisho nalapho Sergei Ozhegova ukuphila, okufakazela nokubonisa ukuzinikela kwayo imibono kanye imiklamo.

Eminyakeni yokugcina yokuphila kwakhe Sergeya Ivanovicha Ozhegova babonakala sengqondo esinenzondo asifuni phezu ingxenye abanye "izingqondo elikhanyayo" nokuhlasela ozikhukhumezayo isiqondiso sakhe. Osebenza nabo kungase kutholakale kakhulu ngempumelelo ngokwabo emkhakheni ukwelukwa izingobe, walibiza ngokuthi "okuphikisa safunda le", zacindezelwa umnikelo omkhulu isayensi, wazama ngazo zonke izindlela ukubathobisa. Kodwa Sergei Ivanovich lokho akuzange kuwumise; Ngaphezu kwakho konke, wayethembekile yena.

Akubi Ozhegova Sergey Ivanovich Disemba 15, 1964. -Scholar wangcwatshwa odongeni yamathuna Novodevichy, nakuba efisa uyaphumula emathuneni Vagankovsky.