Biography Dalya Vladimira Ivanovicha: amaqiniso athakazelisayo nezithombe

UVladimir Ivanovich Dal, ogama biography uzobe achazwe kulo magazini, kuyinto isazi Russian futhi umbhali. Kube ilungu ohambelana we-Physics and Mathematics uMnyango we Petersburg Academy of Sciences. Wayengomunye abasunguli 12 Russian Umphakathi Geographical. Ngangazi izilimi okungenani 12, kuhlanganise Turkic eziningana. Waziwa kakhulu alethwe sokuhlanganiswa "esishoyo Dictionary Ulimi Russian".

umndeni

UVladimir Dal, ogama biography Kuyaziwa bonke abalandeli yomsebenzi wakhe, yazalwa ngo-1801 endaweni manje ebizwa ngokuthi Lugansk (Ukraine).

Uyise wayengumGreki Dane kanye Russian igama Ivan wathatha nobunarha Russian e 1799. Ivan Matveevich Dal wayazi isiFulentshi, isiGreki, isiNgisi, Yiddish, isiHebheru, isiLatini nesiJalimane, wayengudokotela yenkolo. amakhono akhe ngokolimi lalilikhulu kangangokuthi umbelethisi Yayicelwe uCatherine II Vinogradov ukuba Petersburg ukusebenza umtapo enkantolo. Kamuva, waya Jena ngifunde ukuba udokotela, khona-ke ebuyela eRussia futhi wathola ilayisense wezokwelapha.

Petersburg Vinogradov washada noMariya Freitag. Babefanele 4 abafana:

• UVladimir (b. 1801).
• Karl (b. 1802). Kikho koke ukuphila kwakhe wakhonza Navy, cha fanele ntwana. Wangcwatshwa Nikolaev (Ukraine).
• Paul (b. 1805). Abagulayo onesifuba somoya, futhi ngenxa yempilo ebuthaka lokuphila nonina e-Italy. Wayengenaso izingane. Wafa esemncane, wembelwa eRoma.
• Leo (ngonyaka lokuzalwa ongaziwa). Wabulawa Abashokobezi Polish.

Maria Dahl wayazi izilimi 5. Unina wayengumzukulu i umndeni endala French amaHuguenot futhi wafunda izincwadi Russian. Ngokuvamile yena zihunyushelwe Russian imisebenzi A. V Ifflanda futhi S. Gessner. Umkhulu Marii Dal - pawnshop olusemthethweni, a zekhotho Collegiate. Empeleni, kwaba aphoqeleke uyise umbhali Ngokuzayo ukuthola ochwepheshe bezokwelapha, bakubheka njengobuthakathaka omunye inzuzo kakhulu.

Ukufunda

imfundo yamabanga aphansi uVladimir Dal, Biography iDemo elisezweni izincwadi, izincwadi, esesekhaya. Abazali kusukela ebuntwaneni bagxilisa kuye uthando lokufunda.

Eminyakeni 13, uVladimir, kanye nomfowabo omncane wangena Petersburg ubusosha Corps. Kube babefundiswe iminyaka 5. Ngo-1819, Dahl iziqu ngo izikhundla midshipman. Ukukhuluma yokufunda nensizakalo Navy, wabhala iminyaka engu-20 kamuva indaba "Ensign Kisses, ubungqabavu enkulu, noma ukubheka emuva."

Ngemva kokukhonza e-Navy kuze 1826, uVladimir langena Faculty of University of Dorpat. Yena wathola eziphilayo bakhe ngokunikeza eemfundweni isiRashiya. Ngenxa yokushoda kwezimali, kwakufanele bonyana enze ukuphila ekamelweni elisophahleni lwendlu. Ngemva kweminyaka emibili, uDalia libhaliswe ku kazonnokoshtnye abafundi. Njengoba ebhala omunye wokuphila kwakhe, "uVladimir yangena shí izifundo zakhe." Ikakhulukazi, owakhumbula okwafundiswa esikolweni saseGileyadi olimini lwesiLatini. Futhi umsebenzi wakhe ifilosofi lwakho konke okwakhe, ngisho ukhishwa nayo lendondo yesiliva.

Ukuze ukuphazamisa izifundo zakhe kwadingeka ekuqaleni kwempi Russian-Turkish e 1828. Isifunda Transdanubian ka ezifo isifo yanda, kanye nokuqiniswa ibutho isevisi lwezokwelapha oludingekayo. Vladimir Dal, Biography iDemo okuyinto ngisho abalobi angaphandle eyaziwa, ngaphambi kwesikhathi sekudlule ukuhlolwa udokotela ohlinzayo. Kulenkulumo-mpikiswano lakhe kwaba osesikhundleni "Ngakolunye izindlela yimpumelelo craniotomy kanye ulceration ezifihliwe nezinso."

umsebenzi yezokwelapha

Phakathi izimpi Polish kanye nenkampani Russian-Turkish uVladimir wazibonakalisa udokotela brilliant lempi. Ngo 1832, wahlanganyela njengoba intern esibhedlela Petersburg basheshe baba aziwayo futhi sihloniphana njengomkhaya udokotela edolobheni.

PI Melnikov (Dahl umbhali wemilando yokuphila kwabantu) wabhala: "Ukushiya umkhuba kuhlinzwa, uVladimir Ivanovich akuwenzanga imithi. Wathola entsha ukuluthwa - homeopathy kanye zamehlo ".

emisebenzini yezempi

Biography Dahl, sifinyeto elibonisa ukuthi uVladimir ifinyelele njalo imigomo yayo, uchaza icala lapho umbhali wazibonakalisa ngiyisosha. Lokhu kwenzeka ngo-1831 ngesikhathi Ukunqamula Jikelele Ridiger ngaphesheya koMfula Vistula (inkampani Polish). Dahl wasiza ukwakha ibhuloho phezu kwalo, wasihlutha, emva owela - ubhujiswe. Ngokuba non-nokwenziwa kwemisebenzi wezokwelapha eqondile uVladimir Ivanovich Uthole ukhuze kusuka abaphathi bakhe. Kodwa kamuva inkosi uqobo yaklonyeliswa uVladimir ukuwela esizayo ethnographer.

Izinyathelo zokuqala ezincwadini

Dahl, Biography iDemo okwakubekelwa eyaziwayo lenzalweni yakhe, waqala umsebenzi wakhe etemibhalo nge kungamanyala. Ayiqamba ngesiqubulo ku Craig - webutho Sea Fleet futhi Yuliyu Kulchinskuyu - ezivamile-law umkakhe. Phakathi naleso uVladimir Ivanovich waboshwa ngo-September 1823 izinyanga 9. Ngemva ukukhululwa zegceke, wasuka Nikolaev ukuze Kronstadt.

Ngo 1827 Dahl eshicilelwe inkondlo yakhe yokuqala ku "Slav" magazini. Futhi ngo-1830 wavula njengoba umlobi indaba "Gypsy", eyanyatheliswa ngo "eMoscow Telegraph". Ngeshwa, kwesinye isihloko akunakwenzeka ukutshela ngokuningiliziwe ngalokhu mkhiqizo emangalisayo. Uma ufuna ukwaziswa okwengeziwe, ungabheka encyclopedia thematic. Izibuyekezo noveli kungenzeka "Dal uVladimir:. A Biography" umbhali Wezingane futhi ihlanganiswe izincwadi eziningana. Impumelelo enkulu wajabulela "pervinka owokuqala" nelithi "Pervinka nezinye."

Recognition nokubopha yesibili

Njengoba umbhali uVladimir Dal, ogama biography kahle aziwayo bonke abafundi, Yaduma incwadi "Russian inganekwane", eyanyatheliswa ngo-1832. Umphathi we Dorpat Institute abamenyiwe umfundi sakhe sangaphambili uMnyango izincwadi Russian. Incwadi Vladimir lithathwe njengendlela mqondo ngoba doctorate ifilosofi. Manje wonke umuntu wayazi ukuthi Dahl - umbhali, Biography okuyinto ifaniswe. Kodwa kwagadla inhlekelele. Umsebenzi sinqatshelwe nguNgqongqoshe wezeMfundo alithembekile. Isizathu salokhu kwaba esemthethweni ekubalahleni Mordvinova.

Dahl biography lichaza lesi senzakalo kusukela ngaleso sikhathi. Ekupheleni 1832, uVladimir Ivanovich wenza umthetho we esibhedlela lapho ayesebenzela. Abantu beza ngesimo, ambopha, wamyisa Mordvinov. Washaya udokotela ngokumthuka inhlamba, ephethe phambi ekhaleni lakhe, "Russian inganekwane", futhi umbhali wase ufakwa ejele. UVladimir wasiza Zhukovsky, ngaleso sikhathi waba nguthisha ka-Alexander - indodana Nicholas I. Zhukovsky echazwe indlalifa yesihlalo sobukhosi sika-konke okwenzeka, ekukhanyeni we ebonisa, echaza Dahl njengoba indoda ethobekile futhi abanamakhono, ukhishwa izindondo oda we inkonzo yezempi. Alexander wathonyelwa uyise engenangqondo lesi simo siyaphuthuma futhi uVladimir Ivanovich ikhishwe.

Ubungane Pushkin

Noma yimuphi biography eshicilelwe Dahl iqukethe isikhathi ukuhlola imbongi omkhulu. Zhukovsky ngokuphindaphindiwe wathembisa uVladimir ezokwenza ukwethula ukuba Pushkin. Dahl usekhathele ukulinda wathatha ikhophi "Russian inganekwane" ukuthi sebehoxisiwe ekubeni ukudayiswa, okufakiwe kuze kube Aleksandru Sergeevichu waya bebodwa. Pushkin, ephendula, futhi, wanika uVladimir Ivanovich ncwadi - "The Tale of umPristi futhi Thim yakhe Balda". Yaqala kanjalo ubungane babo.

Ekupheleni 1836, uVladimir Ivanovich efika Petersburg. Pushkin wavakashela naye izikhathi eziningana futhi wabuza ngalokhu okwatholakala namalimi wemiphakathi. Poet wezwa kakhulu kusukela Dahl elithi "vypolzina". Kwakusho lo isikhumba sesilwane esinoboya, okuyinto kabusha ngemva ubusika izinyoka garter izinyoka. Phakathi nalokhu kuvakasha kwakhe esilandelayo Alexander Dahl ebuzwa, ekhomba ingubo yakhe: "Phela, uma vypolzina yami okuhle? Angikho aphume maduze yazithandela. Ngizobhala ukuze yobuciko wakhe "Lokhu elingenamikhono ubekade Duel. Ukuze abangele ukuhlupheka okungadingekile imbongi elimele, "vypolzinu" kwadingeka otporot. By the way, Kulokhu uchaza ngisho biography of izingane Dahl sika.

UVladimir kwaba ahileleke ukwelapha isilonda esibulale ka-Aleksandru, nakuba izihlobo imbongi akazange ammeme uDalia. Ukwazi ukuthi ngilimele, weza kuwo yena. Pushkin esasikuyo manje nayo yayibiyelwe Odokotela abambalwa zasebukhosini. Ngaphandle Ivana Spasskogo (udokotela womkhaya Pushkin) futhi udokotela enkantolo Nikolaya Arendta ukuwo Uchwepheshe ezintathu ngaphezulu. Alexander Dahl ngokujabula wabingelela futhi pleadingly wabuza wathi: "Ngitshele iqiniso, Ngizofika bafe ngokushesha," uVladimir wathi efanele, "Sithemba ukuthi konke kuzolunga futhi akufanele siphelelwe ithemba." Imbongi walula isandla sakhe wambonga.

Ukuba at kokufa Pushkin wanika Dahl indandatho yegolide ne yisimaragidu, ethi: ". UVladimir, thatha isikhumbuzo" Futhi lapho umbhali wanikina ikhanda, u-Alexander okuphindaphindiwe: "Zithathele yona, umngane wami, Angazi kakade ezimiselwe ukubhala." Ngemva kwalokho, Dahl wabhala ngalokhu isipho V Odoyevskiy "Indlela ukubheka lokhu indandatho, ngakho nje ufuna ukudala into ehloniphekile." Dahl wavakashela umfelokazi imbongi ngenhloso ukubuyela isipho. Kodwa Natalia bengalamukeli nalo, bethi: "Cha, uVladimir, ukuthi njengoba isikhumbuzo. Nokho, ngifuna ukuba amnike ichashazi abamhlaba ingubo yakhe. " Kwakuyisikhathi elingenamikhono-vypolzina kuchaziwe ngenhla.

umshado

Ngo-1833, Dahl biography buboniswa ngokuba isenzakalo esibalulekile:-ke wathatha umfazi Yuliyu Andre. By endleleni, yena zazibazi mathupha Pushkin yena. Umbono ujwayele imbongi uJulius esinikwe inkantolo izincwadi ukuze E. Voronina. UVladimir kanye nomkakhe bathuthela Orenburg, abazalelwa kuyo izingane ezimbili. Ngo-1834, indodana, Leo, futhi ngemva kweminyaka engu-4 - indodakazi Julia. Ngesikhathi Dahl umndeni isikhulu idluliselwe nokuqalisa imiyalelo ekhethekile nganoma umbusi VA Perovsky.

Umfelokazi, uVladimir futhi sashada ngo-1840 kuya Ekaterina Sokolova. Wazala umbhali yamadodakazi amathathu: Maria, Olga noCatherine. Last I wabhala izinkumbulo kayise, okuyinto zashicilelwa "Russian iGazethi" umagazini ngo-1878.

semvelo

Ngo-1838, i-ukuqoqwa amaqoqo eziningi zezilwane nezimila we Orenburg onqenqemeni Dahl wakhethwa ilungu ohambelana we-Academy of Sciences eMnyangweni ISayensi Yemvelo.

isichazamazwi achazayo

Noma ubani owazi biography of Dahl, uyazi mayelana umsebenti loyinhloko umbhali - "Dictionary". Lapho yena, waqoqela ndawonye futhi kusetshenzwe phambi incwadi "P", uVladimir Ivanovich wafuna umhlalaphansi futhi sigxile ngokugcwele umsebenzi ku brainchild yakhe. Ngo-1859, Dahl wathutha waseMoscow futhi wahlala endlini Prince Shcherbaty, owabhala: "Umlando isimo Russian." Kule ndlu sesiyiqedile wokwenziwa kweengaba zokugcina umsebenzi isichazamazwi, okuyinto namanje okungenakuqhathaniswa by volume.

Dahl inomthwalo, okuyinto ungaboniswa izingcaphuno ezimbili: "Abantu abahlala ulimi liyoba yengcebo futhi umthombo sokuthuthukiswa nokubhala inkulumo Russian"; "Common izincazelo, izifundo kanye amazwi - into impracticable engenamsebenzi." Futhi isihloko nsuku zonke kulula, ngakho-ke luyakhohlisa. Incazelo kanye yokuthumela izwi kwabanye stroke okuningi iyiphi incazelo. Futhi izibonelo kuzosiza ukucacisa ndaba. "

Ukuze kuzuzwe lokhu okukhulu umgomo sezilimi Dahl, ogama Umlando womuntu ophilako kuma-encyclopedia amaningi tetemibhalo, wachitha '53. Yilokho isichazamazwi Kotlyarevsky wabhala: "Kuye kwanyatheliswa izincwadi, isayensi Russian futhi wonke umphakathi seluthole lesikhumbuzo uyakufanelekela yobukhulu abantu bethu. umsebenzi Dahl kuyoba ukuziqhenya izizukulwane ezizayo. "

Ngo-1861, uhlelo lokuqala isichazamazwi we-Imperial Umphakathi Geographical ukhishwa uVladimir Ivanovich Konstantinovsky indondo. Ngo-1868 wakhethwa yilungu zokuhlonipha we-Academy of Sciences. Futhi emva kokushicilelwa zonke imiqulu isichazamazwi Dahl wathola Lomonosov Prize.

eminyakeni yamuva

Ngo-1871, umlobi wayegula futhi wamema kulo mcimbi wokwethulwa mpristi wama-Orthodox. Dahl wakwenza lokhu ngoba efuna ukuba badle emkhubeni Orthodox. Okungukuthi nje kokuba iguqulwe yena-Orthodox ukufa.

Ngo-September 1872, uVladimir Ivanovich Dal, ogama biography iye echazwe ngenhla, ufile. Wabulungwa umkakhe emathuneni Vagankovsky. Ngemva kweminyaka eyisithupha kukhona uzibophezele umhlaba, futhi indodana yakhe Leo.