Bill - kuyinto IOU olungenamkhawulo

Bill - idokhumenti esiqinisa isibopho umkhiphi ukukhokha isamba elicacisiwe imali kuwo ngesikhathi esifanele. Lokhu uhlobo izibambiso is, empeleni isibopho abstract zezimali, wenza ngokuqinile ngendlela enqunyiwe. Imibhalo ezinjalo IOUs ngokuphelele futhi obungenakuphikwa.

Bills wokutshintshana Mthetho utholakala cishe kuwo wonke amazwe kusekelwe uMthethosivivinywa EMhlanganweni ngemvume eGeneva ngo-1930.

Ngu uhlobo kuthengiselana, okubandakanya bill, bahlukene zibe lezi zinhlobo ezilandelayo. iphepha Commercial - idokhumenti ephakama ukuthengiselana sokuthenga nokudayiswa kwezimpahla, ukuhlinzekwa kwezinsizakalo kanye nokusebenza inkontileka usebenza ngesikweletu. It kuhambisana imibhalo eqinisekisa lezimpahla zalo uhlamvu asekelayo. Lwezezimali - esikhishwe Ministry of Finance kanye namabhange imali eyengeziwe.

Kunezinhlobo ezimbili eziyinhloko yalezi izibambiso. inothi Promissory - kuyisibopho ngaphandle kwemibandela ngokuvuma umkhiphi ukukhokha inani elicacisiwe idokhumenti umnikazi ngesicelo noma isikhathi esibekiwe. Uma ufinyelela idokhumenti kubahlanganyeli yasekuqaleni - ekhabetheni kanye acceptor - angajoyina nabanye: endorsers futhi umbambeli.

A bill - idokhumenti oda ekhabetheni ukuba okweletayo ukukhokha inani bhalisiwe kuwo yokukhokha (kumuntu ku bill wadlulela ilungelo lokuthola imali). Ekhabetheni - ikhabethe, le drawee - lokukhokha komunye oyedwa. Lokhu bill has amandla isibopho ngokuhlanganyela: umnikazi ngamunye okwalandela iba obhekene lokukhokha, kanye okweletayo. Zokuvumela esiqinisekisa ukudluliselwa ukuthi ilungelo lomunye umuntu, ngokuthi ukuvumela.

Ngokusekelwe esimisweni inzuzo, izikweletu zihlukaniswe isithakazelo (ikhokhwe Inani okuzisholo futhi isithakazelo) kanye Isaphulelo (ikhokhwe kuphela kwenani eliyimali, zisebenza isaphulelo value abo ngokulinganisa).

Class amanothi zahlukahlukene kakhulu. Ngesisekelo umkhiphi yalezi izibambiso beze izinhlobo ezimbili. Treasury izikweletu - emfushane eside izikweletu, okuyinto ekhishwe nguhulumeni noma Central Bank nge ukuvuthwa 90 noma 180 izinsuku. izikweletu sango iyindlela ukuphoqelela izibopho ngaphansi kuthengiselana. Zisetshenziswa ukunikeza loan, uma kukhona ukungaqiniseki mayelana kwesibopho umboleki.

A bill yangasese ikhishwa amaqembu zezimali, izinkampani, ngamabhange. Okunjalo inkonzo iphepha ukuhweba kanye nokusetshenziswa kwemali. Zibonisa isimo sengqondo loan kanye nenzalo. Ngosizo lwabo, kuba ngilambatha loans, irisidi ngezimali mali, ukudluliswa izintela, inkokhelo, exchange. Lokhu bill has ezihlukahlukene. bill friendly - esikhishwe komunye umuntu, ngaphandle kokuba sihambisana inhloso ukwenza yokudlala, kodwa kuphela ngenjongo yokusetha ucime ebhange. Banikana phakathi kwabantu imihlaba eyiphathelwe (friendly) ubudlelwane, kamuva ukunikeza ibheyili ebhange bese imali, noma ukukhokhela izimpahla. Bronze ( "eqolo") bill - lokhu ephepheni, okuyiwona kukhona uhlabene futhi zinjani izimo zezimali, futhi okungenani elinye abantu usuthandana operation enjalo, eqanjiwe. Ngokusho lokhu ephepheni, ungathola imali ebhange noma ukuyisebenzisa ukuze ngikhokhe izikweleti ngoba lezimpahla ukuthengiselana, noma ezinye izikweletu zezimali. Lawa manothi promissory asetshenziswa nesimo esinzima wezimali ka okweletayo noma uma kugqekezwa. Amadokhumenti anjalo akuzona izikole zeqiniso kwemali.

izikweletu Monetary ayesekhona kuholele ukuphelisa ituthuko engakalungi emnothweni buyisela izisetshenziswa kusuka ukuhweba, okuholela ukwehla kwentengo imali. Kule ndaba, kukhona welithi "bill emali."