Bewazi yini ukuthi kukhona umfula lapho kweqa yenkabazwe kabili?

Omunye yamanzi ngobukhulu yemvelo Zomhlaba isendaweni nezwekazi ezishisayo e eduze ngokushesha ukufana no-0 °. Kuyini lokhu emfuleni ehlangana yenkabazwe kabili? On lokho zwekazi likhulu wamanzi? Lesi sihloko sinikeza izimpendulo enemininingwane kusikhungo sosizo ukuze ethakazelisayo puzzle womhlaba.

On lokho zwekazi likhulu emfuleni ehlangana yenkabazwe kabili?

Ngokuvamile i-latitude yabalwa kusukela ukufana 0 °. Lena yenkabazwe eyayiphambana zonke meridians. Kuvele umugqa ngengqondo yembulunga futhi ibalazwe umngcele okunemibandela phakathi ama- wasenyakatho nowaseningizimu futhi. Enkabazwe Ukunqamula:

• Afrika - abahlala engxenyeni ephakathi ye-izwekazi;
• I-Ningizimu Melika -, uye ngasenyakatho;
• iziqhingi eziningi ezinkulu nezincane zasePacific, Indian kanye ne-Atlantic Oceans.

Izinkulungwane ukusakaza kulezizindawo licwila umhlaba latitude 0 °. Kodwa kukhona umfula eyodwa kuphela ezinkulu, okuyinto kweqa yenkabazwe kabili, - k. Congo Afrika. I ngobukhulu kanye ezishisa amazwekazi Zomhlaba ngokwengxenye yayo enyakatho yomile kakhulu. ezwekazini Centre Itholakala enkabazwe sezulu zone, lapho imvula ingaphezu 2000 mm / ngonyaka, kodwa futhi ukuhwamuka abalulekile.

Umkhakha omkhulu esifundeni kuthatha Gilea - olumanzi siluhlaza ihlathi (ehlathini). I-Sub-Saharan Africa akhelene amanzi kuqhathaniswa ezibandayo eGulf of Guinea. Ukuze enyakatho ibhande ihlathi kancane kancane ezihambelayo expanses enkulukazi Savannah. Kusukela empumalanga nasentshonalanga of the Congo soMfula is iphahlwe izintaba, okuyinto ukukhonza njengephayona nakangaka.

Congo - emfuleni kakhulu nivama kuzo Afrika

Misele ngobukhulu engokwemvelo-Atlantic Ocean kukhona letifanako kanye netintfo letehlukile. On-Afrika emvula uhlobo evelele ekudleni kwalezi emifuleni. Ngempela, umsuka kukhona ezindaweni bhé, lapho imvula kakhulu uwela. Nile - lo mfula omude kunayo yonke - iqala ezindaweni entabeni enkulu yeMpumalanga Afrika, ngulona logeleta enyakatho futhi uyothela oLwandle LwaseMedithera. Congo emfuleni kweqa kabili yenkabazwe noma parallel 0 °. Kulula ukubona lokhu uma ubheka ibalazwe emhlabeni noma Afrika. wamanzi sokuqala esivela endaweni eNingizimu Nenkabazwe siqondiswe enyakatho, ukuthatha indlela nemingenela eminingi. River mayelana 2 ° enyakatho yenkabazwe uzungeza eningizimu-ntshonalanga. Congo ubuyela Nenkabazwe eningizimu futhi odlula ukuze eGulf of Guinea. Kuyinto emfuleni kakhulu ogeleza egcwele, okuyinto kweqa yenkabazwe kabili. Congo ngokuya emifula emhlabeni usezingeni owesibili ngobukhulu ngemva kwakhe emfuleni South America. Amazon. On ibalazwe Afrika ngokuvamile ibonisa enye hydronym - Zaire. Ngokomlando, ukuthi lo mfula unamagama amabili.

Congo Basin itholakala ezindaweni subequatorial futhi enkabazwe. nemingenela eziningi emfuleni kuthatha ku ama- wasenyakatho nowaseningizimu futhi. Endaweni eseningizimu yenkabazwe cishe 75% elisemcengezini, okungenakuqhathaniswa, okuletha ukuthula izibazi umbuso amanzi. Ngakho, ukuvelela ezingeni waphawula ngo-March kuya ku-October, lapho imvula iningi kukhona nemingenela enyakatho. Eyesibili isiqongo ngo-Okthoba-Mashi, lapho izimo zinomswakama isikhathi esiningi waphawula eseningizimu yenkabazwe. ICongo ukugeleza kuyinto iyunifomu unyaka wonke. Ukuze lokhu kumele kwengezwe khona ngisho iconsi isiteshi abalulekile, Rapids nezimpophoma komfula.

I of the Congo ukujula

Uhlelo odumile waseMelika we-National Geographic inika Luhlatiyo emifuleni ephezulu amanzi eMhlabeni. Umugqa wokuqala kuba Amazon, ukweqa ezwekazini i-Ningizimu Melika usuke entshonalanga uye empumalanga. emfuleni Afrika ehlangana yenkabazwe kabili, ukujula luphakeme nabanye ochwepheshe bahlola nemifula zezwe. Ngokwe-National Geographic, eCongo ukujula kwezinye izingxenye siteshi angaphezu kuka-230 m. Lena cishe izikhathi ezimbili kunakunoma Amazon.

Zokuma kwendawo ukuchaza of Congo ukujula eside futhi isakhiwo sonke embhedeni nesigodi emfuleni. Wamanzi ngobukhulu e-Afrika Ephakathi endleleni eya eGulf of Guinea zeminyaka wangena indlela ngokusebenzisa eweni, sezwe elinamagquma. Manje kuyathandeka ezinkangala South Guinean, lapho isiteshi Congo unciphise ukuba 300-500 m. Kodwa umfula ethafeni Afrika ligcwala 10-15 km. Ukusakaza Inamandla yamanzi odlula ensungubezini kanye nokugcwala kwawo. River ukugeleza kule ingxenye ifinyelela irekhodi uphawu - 42 ayizinkulungwane ^m3 / sec ..

Ukutadisha Congo umcengezi

umthengisi isiPutukezi kanye itilosi Diogo Kahn wahlola ugu olusentshonalanga ye-Afrika futhi confluence of the Congo ngo eGulf of Guinea, futhi 1482 wavula imisuka lakhe ezintabeni. Umfula unqamula yenkabazwe kabili e-Afrika Ephakathi. Kwaphela isikhathi eside le ndawo esikuqondayo ezwekazini, egcwele "amabala amhlophe".

jungle esingaweleki, moorland, ukungabi khona kwemigwaqo sebehlushwa umsebenzi Abaklami bamabalazwe nabanye ososayensi. Omunye gileyu liqhathaniswa 'isihogo esiluhlaza ", ngoba lezi zihambi ihlathi ayesanda ukuthola indlela yabo ngocelemba. Anobudlova emhlabeni futhi ungasidedeli imivini zikhule izimpande anemandla futsi enokuziphakamisa. Ngaphansi ihlathi kombhede udangele futhi manzi, ngoba cishe nsuku zonke imvula, futhi umqhele izingqimba eziningana nezihlahla ukukhanya eduze. Izilwane kungcono ukuhlala futhi sizondla amagatsha, ngezinye izikhathi abehlela phansi.

Izici letibalulekile emfuleni Congo

Thola ukuthi yini Afrika emfuleni kweqa kabili yenkabazwe, singakwazi ukuchaza ke kabanzi. Ubude isiteshi ngokusho kombiko ezahlukene ayizinkulungwane 4.3-4.7. Km. Impendulo esinembile kuncike ekutheni yiziphi nemingenela lomfula sithathwa lwaluvelaphi. Ngokuvamile pool endaweni ifinyelela ukubaluleka elinesithunzi - cishe 3.7 izigidi ezingu amakhilomitha ^2. Iningi izincwadi ezindawo deku izingcingo emfuleni evela ku Shaba ithafa, entshonalanga yomuzi of Kisangani.

Congo endleleni eya e-Atlantic Ocean uthola nemingenela eminingi kwesokunxele kwesokudla. Umhlangano omkhulu kunayo yonke kubo: Mobangi, Izandla, Lulongo nabanye. umehluko omkhulu phakathi ukuphakama umthombo nomlomo ekwindla kanye emthambekeni emfuleni kwezinye izindawo linikeza omkhulu Hydropower ezingaba khona. Yakhelwe eziningana enamandla Hydropower isitshalo usinika amandla amazwe ase-Afrika Ephakathi. I ephansi ingxenye emfuleni kabanzi navigation, ingxubevange ugodo. Kutfutfukiswa Fisheries, limbiwa eCongo Nile perch amanzi, angenasawoti herring.