"Amathebula we-Geksoral": imiyalelo yokusetshenziswa, ukubuyekezwa

Ngingayithatha kanjani futhi lesi sidakamizwa "I-Geksoral Tubs"? Ukufundiswa kwalo muthi, izinkomba kanye nokuphikisana kwazo kuzochazwa kulesi sihloko. Kuzo uzothola nokuthi yiziphi ezinye izinhlobo le mithi enayo, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi kungenzeka yini ukuyisebenzisa ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa, ngabe ngabe umuthi unemiphumela emibi nokunye okunye.

Ukwakhiwa kwemithi

Ngumuphi uhlobo umuthi "I-Hexoral Tabs" eyenziwe? Ukuthengiswa kuvela ngendlela yamaphilisi okubuyisela kabusha, anesimo se-biconvex nesimo esizungezile, futhi nombala ogqamile wombala ophuzi.

Into esebenzayo yalesi sidakamizwa i-chlorhexidine dihydrochloride ne-benzocaine. Ngokuqondene nezinsimbi ezisizayo, zifaka isomalt, i-peppermint oyela, i-menthol, i-aspartame, i-thymol namanzi ahlanzekile.

Izici zezemvelo zalesi sidakamizwa

Yiziphi izindawo zamathebulethi "Amathebula weGeksoral"? Umphumela omuhle wokwelapha wokudla kwabo ngenxa yokwakhiwa kwemithi.

Ukulungiswa okuhlangene "Amathebhu weGeksoral" ekusetshenzisweni kwama-topical kunomsebenzi we-antibacterial. Kungenxa yobukhona bezinto ezifana ne-chlorhexidine. Ngokuqondene ne-benzocaine, i-anesthetic yangakini ehlinzeka ukukhululeka emabonakalweni obuhlungu.

Imininingwane mayelana nezakhiwo zomuthi

I-Chlorhexidine, engxenyeni yezidakamizwa "I-Hexoral Tables", inomphumela omuhle we-antibacterial ngokumelene nama-gram-negative ne-gram-positive. Ngemva kokungena emzimbeni, into esebenzayo ibhubhisa i-memtopane ye-cytoplasmic yeseli yebhaktheriya. Kodwa-ke, akusebenzi ngokumelene ne-dermatophytes, imvubelo yefungi, i-mycobacteria nezinye izinhlobo ze-Proteus ne-Pseudomonas.

Ngokwezinga elikhulu, i-chlorhexidine dihydrochloride isebenza ngendlela ephakathi kwe-alkaline noma engathathi hlangothi. Ngokwe-acidic, umsebenzi wayo unciphise kakhulu. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukusebenza komuthi kunciphise phambi kwegazi, amasobho, kanye ne-pus.

Ukusetshenziswa kwamathebhulethi "Amathebhu weGeksoral" kuholela ekunciphiseni okukhulu kokuqukethwe kwamagciwane ezincane eziyingozi ematheni. Kulesi simo, ukusetshenziswa kwezidakamizwa kwamasonto ambalwa (noma izinyanga) kuhambisana nokunciphisa ukusebenza kwayo. Lokhu kungenxa yokunciphisa ukuzwela kwamagciwane.

Ngaphezu kwe-chlorhexidine dihydrochloride, isidakamizwa esizicabangela siqukethe i-element esebenzayo, njenge-benzocaine. Kuyinto yokuhlinzekwa kwendawo yangasese, esusa masinyane ubuhlungu emgodini we-pharynx nomlomo. Umphumela we-analgesic uhlala isikhathi eside.

I-Benzocaine iyakwazi ukungena endaweni ye-lipophilic ye-membrane yesisindo, bese isabela ezinkingeni ze-ubuhlungu (ingxenyeni) yesikhumba nama-membrane emangcwabeni.

Umphumela wokubulala umzimba we-benzocaine uvame ukufika kumasekhondi angu-20-28 ngemva kokufaka isicelo. Kodwa njengoba into esebenzayo ihlanjululwa ngamathe, umphumela uqala kancane kancane.

Pharmacokinetics yomuthi

Isici esisebenzayo sesidakamizwa esithi "Hexoral Tabs" (chlorhexidine) sikwazi ukuphikelela ematheni kuze kube amahora ayisishiyagalombili. Kodwa-ke, azikho ama-indices omtholampilo wokumuncwa kwalo ngokusebenzisa i-membrane emangcwabeni yomlomo womuntu.

Ngokuqondene ne-benzocaine, ngenxa yalokho okunamandla okumanzi okumanzi emanzini kufakwa kancane kancane. Njengazo zonke izidakamizwa ze-ester-paraaminobenzoic acids, lesi sici sinamathele esibindi nase-plasma nge-esterase. Ngenxa yalokho, kuhlanganiswa i-ethanol, ehlanganiswa ne-acetylcoenzyme. Ngokuqondene ne-para-aminobenzoic acid, ithola ukuxubana nge-glycine noma iphuma emzimbeni ngokusebenzisa izinso ngendlela engashintshi.

Izinkomba zokusetshenziswa kwezidakamizwa

Ngabe imithi ye-"Hexoral Tabs" inikezwe nini? Imfundo yalolu luhlelo iqukethe uhlu olulandelayo lwezinkomba:

• Angina, pharyngitis nezinye izifo ezivuvukalayo ze-pharynx;
• I-Gingivitis;
• Stomatitis.

Ukungafani nokusetshenziswa kwesidakamizwa

Kuziphi izimo ezingavunyelwe ukusebenzisa imithi "Geksoral" (i-aerosol, amaphilisi angenakutholakala)? Ngokweziqondiso ezifakiwe, ukusebenzisa le mithi kuvinjelwe kula macala alandelayo:

• Nge phenylketonuria;
• Ngezilonda nezilonda zesilonda se-pharynx noma isigxobo somlomo;
• Esimweni esincane se-cholinesterase egazini;
• Uma ingane ingakafiki iminyaka emine ubudala;
• Ngokuzwela okwedlulele ezakhiweni zomuthi.

Imithi "Amathebula weGeksoral": imiyalelo yokusetshenziswa

Le mithi isetshenziswa kuphela ngokwezihloko. Ithebhulethi kufanele ihlelwe kancane kancane emlonyeni (kuze kuphele ukuphela kwayo).

Isidakamizwa kufanele sisetshenziswe ngokushesha ngemva kokubonakala kwezibonakaliso zokuqala zesifo. Futhi ukwelashwa kufanele kuqhutshwe izinsuku ezimbalwa emva kokunyamalala ngokuphelele kwazo zonke izimpawu.

Kubantu abadala nabantwana abaneminyaka engaphezu kwengu-12 ubudala, umuthi uvame ukunikezwa ngepilisi yokuqala njalo amahora angu-1 noma amabili (uma kunesidingo). Noma kunjalo, isilinganiso somuthi nsuku zonke salesi sidakamizwa akufanele sibe amaphilisi angaphezu kuka-8 ngosuku.

Izingane ezineminyaka engama-4 kuya kwengu-12, lesi sidakamizwa sinqunywe ngenani elingaphezulu kwamaphilisi amane ngosuku, isicelo singakwazi kuphela odokotela bezingane.

Isidakamizwa akufanele sinikezwe izingane ezingaphansi kweminyaka engama-4.

Amacala okudlula ngokweqile

Ingabe ukudlula izidakamizwa "Amathebhu weGeksoral" (okuvamile, njll) kwenzeka? Ngokusebenzisa kahle izidakamizwa, ukudlula ngokweqile akunakwenzeka. Phela, i-active element - i-chlorhexidine - ayixhunyiwe egazini, futhi ivolumu ye-benzocaine etholakale iphansi.

Njengoba kushiwo ngenhla, i-chlorhexidine hydrochloride ayincibiliki kahle emanzini. Ngakho-ke, zonke izimo zokudlula ngokweqile zichazwa kuphela uma uthatha i-gluconate e-chlorhexidine enembile. Izimpawu zalesi simo zilimaza izinambuzane ezimangcwaba ngenxa yokuxhumana ngqo nomuthi osebenzayo, kanye nokwanda okuhlelekile kodwa okuguquguqukayo ekugxileni kwe-enzyme ye-hepatic. Ukwelashwa okuqondile kulokhu akusekho.

Mayelana ne-benzocaine, ukudlula ngokweqile kwalesi sakhi kungenziwa kuphela uma umuthi usetshenziswa ngendlela engafanele. Kulesi simo, kunomphumela onobuthi ohlelweni lwezinzwa, olubonakala kuqala ngokuthuthumela, ukuxubana nokuhlanza, bese kuthi ukucindezeleka kwe-CNS. Ekugcineni, isiguli singawela ku-coma.

Phakathi kwezinye izinto, ukugxila kakhulu kwezinto eziyingozi kubangela ukuvinjelwa kwe-AV-conduction, i-bradycardia nokubopha inhliziyo. Futhi, i-benzocaine yiyona imbangela yokutholakala kwe-methaemoglobinaemia (kaningi kaningi ezinganeni ezincane), okuhambisana ne-cyanosis nokuphefumula.

Indlela yokuphatha? Uma ukudlula ngokweqile kwe-benzocaine kwenzeka, isiguli kufanele sihlanza bese sihlanza ngokushesha. Ngesinye isikhathi odokotela banquma amalahle acushiwe.

Uma isiguli sinesifo se-hypoxia ne-anoxia, ukuphefumula okufakelwayo kuyadingeka. Lapho inhliziyo ivaliwe, kudingeka ukusikhipha umzimba.

Uma izigumbane zenzeka, isiguli sinqunywe ibhajitridi esheshayo (kuphela hhayi nge-spasms anoxi) kanye ne "Diazepam". Ezimweni ezimbi ikakhulukazi, emva kokuphefumula okufakelwayo kanye nokusizwa, i-suxamethonium chloride isetshenziswa.

Ukusakaza kwegazi kwesiguli kugcinwa ngokuhlinzeka izixazululo ze-electrolytes noma i-plasma yegazi. I-methemoglobinemia isebenza kufika ku-50 ml yesisombululo se-methylene blue (1%). Faka it ngaphakathi.

Izenzakalo ezimbi

Ingabe kukhona imiphumela emibi yalesi sidakamizwa "Geksoral" (aerosol, amaphilisi)? Ngokwemiyalelo, le mithi inomphumela omkhulu kakhulu wemiphumela emibi. Zaziwa ngesikhathi sokuhlola izifo ze-epidemiological noma zemitholampilo.

• I-digestive system: yehla ukuzwela komlomo we-oral mucosa, ukunambitheka okungekho emthethweni (noma okuthiwa i-dysgeusia), ukuphazamiseka okwesikhashana kolimi, stomatitis, ukuguqulwa kwamazinyo nolimi okuguquguqukayo, ukuguqulwa kwezinto ezihlanganiswayo nezinsimbi zokubuyisela amazinyo, inqola ye-mucosa yomlomo, ukwakha i-tartar noma i-plaque , I-glossynia, kanye nokwanda kwezingqungquthela zomzimba (parotid).
• Isivikelo somuntu: ukusabela kwe-hypersensitivity, kufaka phakathi i- angioedema, imihlathi, ukushuswa kwe-anaphylactic nezinye izinzwa ze-anaphylactic.
• Uhlelo lymphatic and circulatory: methemoglobinemia.

Uma lemiphumela emibi ikhushulwa noma eminye imiphumela emibi engazange ikhonjiswe emiyalweni, isiguli kufanele saziswe ngalokhu kudokotela.

Ukusebenzisana nezinye izindlela

Ingabe ukusetshenziswa kwalesi sidakamizwa kuthinta ukusetshenziswa kwezinye izidakamizwa? Uthini umyalo ngalokhu? "Amathebhu weGeksoral" (okuvamile, njll) anganciphisa umsebenzi we-antibacterial wama-aminosalicylates nama-sulfonamide. Lokhu kungenxa yokwakhiwa kwe-metabolite yama-aminobenzoic acid.

Ngokuqondene nesenzo se-chlorhexidine, iyancipha ngokuphawulekayo ngokusebenzisa okufanayo ngesikhathi se-sucrose, i- polysorbate engu-80, usawoti ongenayo i-zinc, i-magnesium ne-calcium.

Isidakamizwa "Amathebhu weGeksoral" ekukhulelwe

Njengamanje, isipiliyoni sokusebenzisa lesi sidakamizwa esithi "Geksoral" (ngesimo samathebulethi ahlanzekile ne-aerosol) ekukheni abesifazane nabesifazane abakhulelwe abatholakali. Yingakho ukusetshenziswa kwayo kungenzeka kuphela kulezo zimo lapho inzuzo okulindeleke ukuba umama ayidlulele kakhulu engozini yengane noma ingane.

Imiyalo ekhethekile ekusetshenzisweni kwemithi

Yini okumele ukwazi ngayo ukusetshenziswa okuphephile kwesidakamizwa esithi "Hexoral Tabs" (okuvamile)? Impendulo evela ochwepheshe ngaleli thuluzi ixutshwe: uma isetshenziswe ngendlela engafanele, i-benzocaine ingabangela i-methemoglobinemia. Isimo esifanayo sihambisana nezibonakaliso ezifana nokushintsha kombala wezindebe, isikhumba nezipikili. Ziba ziphaphathekile noma zithola umthunzi okwesibhakabhaka, umthunzi. Futhi, isiguli singase sibhekane nesimo sangaphambi kokuphazamisa, ikhanda, ukukhathala, i-dyspnea ne-tachycardia. Ukubonakala kwalezi zimpawu kubonisa ukuba khona kwe-methaemoglobin ngenani eliphezulu noma elilinganiselwe, kanye nokwehla okuphawulekayo emsebenzini wezokuthutha kwe-oxygen.

Abadala kanye neziguli ezincane basengozini enkulu yokuthuthukisa i-methaemoglobinemia. Izingane zale mithi zingathatha kuphela ngaphansi kokuqondiswa kwabantu abadala.

Imithi iqukethe isici esisizayo esinjenge-aspartame. Kuyinto etholakala yi-phenylalanine, okuyinto engcolile ezigulini ezine-phenylketonuria.

Ukusetshenziswa kwezidakamizwa kuvunyelwe ngokucacile phambi kwezilonda zesilonda nesilonda emphinjeni nasemlonyeni womlomo. Ukunakekelwa okukhethekile kufanele kuthathwe lapho kunquma ukuthi izidakamizwa ezinganeni ezincane (kusukela eminyakeni engama-4) nakubantu abagwinya noma abanentshisekelo, ngoba lokhu kungabangela ukuphelelwa amandla.

Uma imithi "Amathebhu weGeksoral" esephelelwe isikhathi , akufanele ilahlwe emanzini okuthuthwa kwamanzi noma emgwaqweni. Isidakamizwa sinconywa ukuba sibekwe esikhwameni bese sithunyelwa kwisitsha semfucuza. Lezi zinyathelo zizosiza ukuvikela nokugcina imvelo.

Umuthi esiwucabangayo awunayo ithonya ekuphatheni umshini, noma uhlanganyele eminye imisebenzi.

Ezinye izinhlobo zokukhululwa

Ngaphandle kwamaphilisi, isidakamizwa esithi "Geksoral" sikhiqizwa kwezinye izinhlobo. Ake siwahlole ngokuningiliziwe.

• Isixazululo esingu-0.1% sesicelo se-topical. Le mithi iqukethe i-hexetidine, kanye nezici ezisizayo ezifana ne-anise namafutha we-eucalyptus, i-ethanol, i-citric acid monohydrate, i-clove oil, i-levomenthol, i-polysorbate 60, i-methyl salicylate, i-peppermint oyela, amanzi ahlanzekile, i-saccharin ye-sodium ne-azorubin. I-agent yamanje isetshenziselwa ukuhlanza i-pharynx nomlomo.
• I-Aerosol "Geksoral" (spray). Ukusetshenziswa kwalesi sidakamizwa kuboniswa ezimweni ezifanayo namathebulethi. Spray kufanele ifakwe endaweni ehluthwe ngokungabi ngaphezu kwamasekhondi angu-2. Njengomthetho, kunqunywe kabili ngosuku (ngemuva kokudla kwasekuseni nokudla). Ezimweni ezimbi, i-aerosol isetshenziswa kaningi.

Ukubuyekeza mayelana nomuthi

Ngokusho kokubuyekezwa kweziguli, umuthi "Geksoral" uhlangene kahle nomsebenzi. Ngiyabonga, i-angina ne-pharyngitis, kanye nezinye izifo ezivuvukalayo ze-pharynx, zidluliselwa kalula futhi zidlula ngokushesha. Ngokuqondene nokubuyekezwa okungalungile, ngokuvamile kuvame kulabo abasebenzisa imithi ngokungalungile.