Ama-lymphocyte aziwisa - kungani?

Ama-lymphocyte - amaseli akhethekile womuntu ezihlobene leukocyte iqembu. Basonta okuthiwa amangqamuzana amhlophe egazi. Umnyombo zabo ezinkulu kakhulu. Basuke akhiqizwa umnkantsha wethambo, begodu i-embryo - hhayi kuphela umnkantsha, kodwa futhi isibindi futhi ekunqandeni amaseli. Kubalulekile ukuhlonipha imithetho lymphocyte omzimba - lemali futhi isilinganiso emangqamuzaneni like. Lokho lymphocyte kukhona amandla eyinhloko umzimba, elwa nazo zonke izinhlobo intrusions kusukela ngaphandle - ne amagciwane ayingozi nama-virus. Lokhu ukubaluleka kwalezi amaseli, ama-lymphocyte, futhi uma encishisiwe, kungaba ingozi ngokwako umzimba, ngoba ezivikela lehliselwa, futhi uphawu nekhathazayo, okubonisa ukuthi isiguli akuyona yonke impilo enhle. Ama-lymphocyte kungukuthi kuphela elwa 'Abahlaseli ", kodwa futhi ukukhiqiza amasosha omzimba bese uzokwazi ukumelana nezifo.

Kukhona imithetho ecacile lymphocyte. Umuntu omdala kufanele kube kusuka eziyinkulungwane izinkulungwane ezintathu lymphocyte microliter legazi ngalinye. Uma sithatha lihlela isilinganiso phakathi kwama-lymphocyte nezinye amangqamuzana amhlophe egazi, ngamanye amagama - leukocyte ifomula, amaseli kumelwe uthathe amabili ukuba amaphesenti amathathu nanhlanu. ezimbili kuphela amaphesenti inani eliphelele lama-lymphocyte sishukumiseleka kanye negazi ngomzimba, kanti bonke abanye bavela e-izicubu namathambo.

Ezinganeni, izinga lama-lymphocyte siphezulu. Ukuze umntwana, ongeyena futhi ngemva kwezinsuku ezine lokuzalwa, ama-lymphocyte kuyinsakavukela - kuyinto kusuka 22 kuya kumaphesenti angu-25. Ingane, owenza ngeviki kusukela ngesikhathi sokuzalwa, kungaba khona 40-42%. Uma leyo ngane izokwazi yini iminyaka eyisithupha, izinga layo - 60-65%. Uma ingane iphendula ineminyaka eyisithupha futhi kuze kube iminyaka eyishumi nesishiyagalombili ubudala linenani lymphocyte kuyinto omdala lesifanele.

Uma okuqukethwe kwabantu abadala egazini lymphocyte lingaphansi kuka 1.0 * 109 / L ke isimo esinjalo ngokwesayensi ngokuthi lymphocytopenia. Uma amangqamuzana zehliswa, lymphopenia zingahlukaniswa zibe izinhlobo ezimbili eziyinhloko: okuphelele noma okungaphelele. Izinkomba ngayinye yalezi zinhlobo lymphocytopenia ube ukubaluleka kwabo. Uma lymphocyte leykoformule behliselwe phansi, kanye nenombolo zabo egazini lilungile, sikhuluma lymphocytopenia isihlobo. lymphopenia Isihlobo kuyinto inkomba Izifo ukuvuvukala, okuyinto ahambisana inani elikhulu neutrophil atholakala igazi. Lokhu kungaba pneumonia noma oluthile ukuvuvukala suppurative. Uma lymphocyte ziyancipha egazini, isifo okuthiwa i-lymphocytopenia ngokuphelele. Isizathu kungaba HIV, lapho lymphocyte ayafa. Kodwa lymphocyte kaningi encishisiwe ziwuphawu isifo egazini, lapho amahlumela engasenamahloni hematopoiesis.

Kaningi kuyenzeka ukuthi lymphocyte encishisiwe kwabesifazane abakhulelwe. Isizathu sisobala: uma bekungenjalo, egazi zabesifazane mhlophe ukuthi banesibopho ngokufaka izinto cwaningo emzimbeni, ngabe ukuvimba izakhi zofuzo kayise, okuholela ukukhulelwa kungaba akunakwenzeka noma ngabe kwadlula nge zinkinga, futhi ingane wayezozalwa ogulayo, enganamandla kakhulu. Nokho, uma ukuhlukumeza ka yinto evamile ukukhuluma lymphocyte e abesifazane abasanda uzokhulelwa, akusiyo lymphopenia lula, futhi inqubo ekhethekile lapho lymphocyte obangela okusithiyayo okuzivikela ocushiwe futhi nande zabo, labo uhlushwa eziphilayo alien, kancane engasenamahloni kuqala, isibalo sazo sinciphile. Ngaleso sikhathi, njengoba kwehliswe T-lymphocyte uHeller, kukhuphuke T suppressor.

Nokho, uma owesifazane okhulelwe yehlile ayisibalo samasosha omzimba amhlophe obhekene ukuzivikela komzimba, akusho ukuthi umzimba kamama esizayo ngeke ngivikelwe, ngoba okusithiyayo we kusebenze lymphocyte esikhundleni amaseli neutrophil-isizukulwane phagocytes. By endleleni, uma owesifazane okhulelwe akuyona encishisiwe lymphocyte-uHeller lenyuka suppressor lymphocyte, kuyilapho uHeller ekubingeleleni kwamagciwane zingene placenta, ohlukanisa ngempumelelo ukubulala ezingenzeka embungwini, okubangela isisu noma ukuphuphuma. Kodwa manje ososayensi bathole indlela yokuphuma kulesi simo. Ukuze baye sehliselwe lymphocyte uHeller endaweni ukhulelwe, ngokuvamile ngenkululeko umyeni wakhe, uyise esizayo, lomgomo labesifazane abakhulelwe umyeni suppressors ukuthi normalizes inqubo sokukhulelwa.