Altai esifundeni: izinkinga zemvelo kanye nezixazululo zabo. Imvelo kanye umkhakha we-Altai Territory

Njengamanje, encwadini edumile imvelo omangalisayo yayo Altai Territory abambalwa walondoloza namathafa zemvelo. Cishe bonke babo baye babhekana futhi uqhubeka uba umthelela imisebenzi kwezomnotho nezezimboni.

Kulesi sihloko sizoxoxa ekhona izinkinga zemvelo namhlanje, Altai Territory, ku izindlela aphume isimo, ngomlando esifundeni, nokunye okuningi.

Altai esifundeni: ulwazi olujwayelekile

Altai - ezweni isihloko Russian Federation nasemazweni angomakhelwane Kazakhstan, libhekisela engxenyeni eseningizimu-ntshonalanga laseSiberia Federal District.

Kufanele kuqashelwe ukuthi ngaphambi 1991 Altai esifundeni, futhi yayiyingxenye ezizimele Gorno-Altai esifundeni, okuyinto namuhla isihloko ukuzimela Russian Federation - Altai Republic.

Labantu esifundeni ayizinkulungwane ezingaphezu kuka 2490. Abantu. endaweni Land 168.000 square metres. km, okuyinto 1% zensimu Imininingwane Russian. Isikhungo zokuphatha lingumuzi Barnaul (sabantu -. Abantu abangaphezu kuka-650 eziyinkulungwane).

Ufana imingcele Kazakhstan Region, eKemerovo naseNovosibirsk izifunda.

Njengengxenye emaphethelweni amadolobha 12, amalokishi - 14, 67 izindawo zasemaphandleni nezasemadolobheni (kuhlanganise German National District ..). Udabula emaphethelweni eNingizimu-Siberian Railroad, lapho kukhona impahla sisendleleni ezifundeni entshonalanga. Okukhulu ujantshi iziteshi Aleyskaya, Barnaul, Biisk, Altay, Rubtsovsk.

indawo

Саянская горная ). Altai onqenqemeni endaweni kungokwalabo amazwe 2nd ngokomzimba (eNtshonalanga yeSiberia futhi Altai - Sayanskaya entabeni). Intaba indawo isendaweni izingxenye eningizimu nasempumalanga yasethafeni. It yokhalo Salairsky futhi elaliphansi kwamagquma Altai. Central kanye West izingxenye kukhona sezwe okungcono flat. It Bijsko-Chumyshskaya egqumeni, ob ithafa futhi Kulundinskaya asemaqeleni.

Ngoba isici emaphethelweni cishe yonke ekhona esishintshashintshayo engokwemvelo Russia - izintaba, ehlathini, asemaqeleni kanye ihlathi asemaqeleni. Ukuze flat ingxenye asemaqeleni libhekene nezindawo zemvelo asemaqeleni, ngezikhonkwane nasemachibini zenethiwekhi kanye nemihosha, itheyiphu burs.

Budebuduze Biya River, ngomfula owumthelela Katun, kuba onqenqemeni elikhulu edolobheni: Gorno-Altaisk futhi Barnaul. Biysk itholakala ngqo osebeni Biya, okuyinto uhlukanisa edolobheni zibe izingxenye ezimbili.

Yezimila nezilwane ezihlukahlukene

Ngaphambi wazi, yiziphi izinkinga zemvelo e-Altai esifundeni, chaza isimo sawo.

Izimila abacebe ngokuhlanganyela kokuqhathanisa wokukhululeka ahlukahlukene kuhambisana ukuhlukahluka jikelele silwane. onqenqemeni Ornitofauna yakhiwa ezingaphezu kuka 320 zezinyoni. Ezincelisayo Zasolwandle amelwa 90 ezinhlobo zezilwane.

Sekukonke, esifundazweni ikhula mayelana 2000 izinhlobo zezitshalo semithambo ephakeme, lokulandisa 2/3 wabo bonke zezimila e Western eSiberia. Phakathi kwabo kukhona esifuze nezinhlobo sekuphenduke umkhuba. Ikakhulukazi ezibalulekile izitshalo ezilandelayo: wort iSt John sika, marjoram, elfwort, impande obomvu, Rhodiola rosea (impande yegolide), Maral impande kanye Marin (noma peony), licorice Ural, nabanye abaningi. et al.

Woodlands hlala 26% we yonke indawo esifundeni.

Imifula kanye namachibi we-Altai Territory

zamanzi esifundeni ivezwa komhlaba futhi kwamanzi. Imifula ngobukhulu (17 ayizinkulungwane) kukhona Katun, ob, Aley, Biya futhi Charysh. Ob (kwekulu Umthambo imiphetho) ezakhiwe confluence Katun Bii futhi ubude 493 km. Lo mgodi emfuleni ihlanganisa 70% esifundeni.

Lake Altai Territory baningi, kukhona izinkulungwane 13 kuphela. I enkulu - Kulundinskoye indawo 728 square metres. km.

uhlobo

Ikakhulukazi ubunjalo Altai Territory e eqinisweni lokuthi kunamaKristu uyakhula okunhlobonhlobo izitshalo ezingavamile kwezokwelapha. Iningi izinto zokusetshenziswa kuvuna ngesandla ukuze kugwemeke umonakalo enhlabathini bese ungaphazamisi nokuvumelana ubunjalo Altai Territory. Lena ngempela endaweni ehlukile nge ezihlukahlukene ngokusimama kwezinsiza zemvelo, izivakashi eziningi. Futhi namhlanje kungenzeka ukuhlangana shaman, bekulungele ukukhuluma mayelana izakhiwo ezuzisayo lalezi zimbali ezikhula lapha ezintabeni.

indawo Rich kanye izikhumbuzo yemvelo: pine ibhande zikaphayini amahlathi; esikhundleni kumiswa kufike emfuleni omkhulu. Obi; Okusajingijolo, Small Yarovoye, Kolyvanovskoe, Big Lake; Aya Lake; Denisov futhi Tavdinsky umhume; Intaba cyanosis; Chinook Valley futhi izimpophoma; Katun River.

Uma uthi nhlá, isimo emvelweni ku-Altai ezinhle. Idume iziphethu yayo nemifudlana, kufanele siziphathele amanzi ahlanzekile kusuka ezintabeni ezigodini nasemahlathini. Izinkulungwane nemifula bahlanza esifundazweni, ukuqinisekisa ukujula nobumsulwa kwenhlabathi. Kuyinto ngenxa amanzi la emachibini ukuze nenhlabathi evundile futhi unempilo ukhulise amahlathi amaningi nakwezinye izimila. Kodwa lapha, ngaphansi kwethonya yomuntu umsebenzi nemiphumela waphawula kwendawo ezungezile.

ezivikelwe

Omunye impikiswano ebalulekile namuhla lezinkinga kwezemvelo Altai Territory, ngoba nezindawo zalo bengekho njengoba imithombo zokulondolozwa kwemvelo.

Sekukonke kukhona 33 inqolobane esifundeni okuyinto hlala 773.100 ha, noma ama-5% onqenqemeni. Lokhu akwanele ukuba silondoloze ukulinganisela kwemvelo uHlu Jikelele Lwamakheli; (manje isisezweni ngezansi isilinganiso Russian). Yiqiniso, kukhona ku-Altai Territory izinkinga zemvelo.

Ngo-Altai kukhona ezikhumbuzo eziningi imvelo, esithathwe ngaphansi Ukuvikelwa futhi ezimele amasayithi zemvelo Irreplaceable. Bonke bangabangasokile ka bomlando, besayensi kwamasiko futhi ngenxa yobuhle value (izimpophoma, nasemihumeni, imithombo yamanzi amtoti outcrops Geological, izinto kwezazi zemivubukulo, nokunye. N.). Ngisho ezinye eminyaka ubudala izihlahla, walondoloza ngokuyisimangaliso kuze kube namuhla, amelela semvelo esiyingqayizivele.

Sekukonke, esifundeni Altai 100 evunyiwe ngokusemthethweni izimpawu zendawo engokwemvelo (kuhlanganise Geological - .. 54, amanzi - 31, Botanical - 14 futhi 1 eziyinkimbinkimbi).

Ngo-Altai ezinye uchatskah zikhule futhi ziphile izitshalo ezingavamile nezilwane, kodwa lezi zindawo ungenalo isimo evikelwe. Uma kucatshangelwa izimo linqoba, isinqumo senziwa ukusungulwa esifundazweni Tigerekskogo Kulundinskoye futhi alondoloza isimo. inhlangano yabo yomsebenzi okwesikhashana ngenxa yokuntuleka kwezimali.

Izimbangela nokuwohloka kwemvelo

Ingabe ikhona ezemvelo, e-Altai Krai? Yiqiniso kukhona.

emizimbeni Amanzi angcolile imfucuza onqenqemeni amabhizinisi of isiqoqi sama-softwe, chemistry petrochemistry, wobunjiniyela.

Inkinga eyinhloko - kulondolozwe emifuleni elincane ngenxa shoaling yabo nokungcola. Ngenxa zokunciphisa izindawo ihlathi kukhona amanzi ashaya leli dwala, okubangela imibhede shoaling. amachibi eziningi ezingcoliswe yasendlini futhi amanzi angcolile ezifuywayo imfuyo izakhiwo kanye nemizana.

Ngaphandle kwakho konke lokhu okungenhla, ensimini ka esifundeni amanga ngendlela kokwethulwa izimoto ukuqalisa kusukela Baikonur.

isiphetho

Namuhla, i-UNESCO inike imali eningi ukuze silondoloze onqenqemeni semvelo. Futhi, iziphathimandla zendawo abenza yonke imizamo ukuthuthukisa imvelo kanye nature nokongiwa. amakilasi avamile ngesihloko esithi "Ukuvikela imvelo" ezikoleni.

Altai Kunoma yikuphi, ingenye ehlanzeke Isizalo izifunda of Russia. Kwakuwusuku ubuntu bakhe ngesandla esivulekile ezihlukahlukene amakhambi ukuthi ukusekela impilo yabantu abaningi.