AES-2006: iphrojekthi Russian enuzi esiteshini isizukulwane esisha

Isimanga siwukuthi kodwa kude yezindlela ehlanzeke eneji ubhekwa zenuzi ...! Futhi, ngokuvamile, kuba impela kuthethelelwe. Yebo, enuzi izitshalo amandla ukukhiqiza imfucuza enobungozi, kodwa isibalo sabo sincane elincane, futhi sekuyisikhathi eside abantu abazange babafundise ukuba igcwale amanzi ku into lwengilazi okuyinto lungekho ukugqwala futhi singasetshenziswa ligcinwe izinkulungwane zeminyaka bunkers komhlaba.

Uma siqhathanisa nalabo kwesejwayelekile ingozi yentshede ne-carbon monoxide, okuyinto adedelwa CHP emoyeni, athomu kusobala ephephile.

amaphrojekthi amasha

Ngaphezu kwalokho, amandla njalo usebenze emhlabeni wonke, ukudala isizukulwane esisha izitshalo amandla ku-athomu. Siye, isibonelo, esikhathini esidlule hhayi ukude kwamenyezelwa NPP-2006. Lolu hlelo ngokuphelele entsha amandla enuzi. Uma ukuthuthukiswa nokuqaliswa iyaphumelela, siyokwazi ukwakha amandla kakhulu namandla kakhulu, kodwa ephephile zenuzi. Nomsebenzi wokwenza Institute of Nuclear Energy, okuyinto ochwepheshe kuhlulekile umsebenzi wabo kahle.

Kuze kube manje, ukuthi entsha amandla plant lwabangela ukuba egxilile amakhasimende ezingase zivele e-Iran, kanti UAE yaziwa. Ngokuvamile, akumangalisi, ngoba lezi uthi isipiliyoni osemnkantsh 'ubomvu nge ezweni lethu.

izici Major kwesakhiwo

Qaphela ukuthi izingxenye ezisemqoka iyiphi zenuzi amandla plant ezifana AES-2006 yiwona "iziqhingi" ezimbili: beNdabuko zenuzi. Ngu izindlela yokugcina zonke izakhiwo kanye izinhlelo ukuqinisekisa ukuthi ukuguquka amandla enuzi ku energy ezishisayo, kanye electronics kanye nezinye izinto zokusebenza, okuyinto unomthwalo ukuphepha inqubo. Ngakho, bendabuko "isiqhingi" - kuyinto isambulela eside izindlela kanye nezinhlelo ezikuvumela ukuguqula ukushisa ku ugesi. It ihlukaniswe yaba izingxenye ezintathu:

• Turbogenerator.
• Ubunjiniyela Electrical.
• Cogeneration.

Into ebaluleke kakhulu ophephela generator gumbi we NPP-2006, ngoba ukuthi ukhona uMuntu Owadala energy ezishisayo iguqulwe ibe ugesi ezidingekayo ukuze umuntu. UMnyango kagesi ahlelwe sokukhuphula noma ukwehlisa transformers lapho kuba "remade" izimiso oyifunayo ukuthutha.

Ukushisa wesifunda athuthukile nhlobo amandla enuzi, kodwa lapho unesibopho nokudluliswa ezishisayo amandla abathengi (amanzi ashisayo edolobheni Ukushisa ukuphithizela kwenethiwekhi, isibonelo). Okwamanje, zonke izinqubo ezenzeka zenuzi bendabuko kanye "iziqhingi" kukhona ngaphansi kolawulo njalo izinhlelo yesimanje electronic ukuthi ongawuvala ngokuzenzakalela phansi ophendulayo uma kwenzeka inkinga kancane.

Imininingwane yedivayisi "iziqhingi"

Njengoba ungase ukuqagela, emaphakathi enuzi "isiqhingi" njalo ophethe ophendulayo. He is izinhlelo ohileleke, ukushisa nokucwila, ukubanda, control electronic nokuvikelwa izinhlelo. zonke ophendulayo yesibili ilawulwa isimo, ukufunda uqhathaniswa amazinga ngendlela okuzenzakalelayo. Uma okungenani ezinye ukufundwa kuyahlukahluka, electronics ngokushesha icuphe i-alamu ukuba izisebenzi control on duty.

Endabeni bendabuko "isiqhingi" ke ithatha endaweni emaphakathi gumbi injini. ukufakwa Basic: turbogenerator, ukufingqa endleleni, ukufakwa zokufudumeza kanye nezinye izingxenye asizayo. Zibalulekile kakhulu, njengoba AES-2006, ngokolwazi inkontileka, ngeke sikwazi ukunikeza nemizana eduze zishiyane, hhayi kuphela ugesi, kodwa futhi ukushisa.

Ukupholisa uhlelo

Empeleni, liqukethe a ophendulayo futhi kokupholisayo ukuxhumana ngqo amabhlogo uphethiloli zenuzi. It sakhiwa kwegazi izihibe ezine futhi iyunithi ukufingqa. Futhi, kukhona ugesi umusi eziningana, amafriji nezinye izakhi izinsizakalo. Njengoba kulula ukuqagela isifunda sokuqala - ngenqubo yokufakela, njengoba ukudluliselwa ekushiseni kwalo naphakathi ngqo oxhumana yezingxenye likhipha amafutha ngemisebe.

Ngenxa yalokho, wesifunda wesibili akunakudluliswa enemisebe. Lokhu futhi ukuwapheka ngesitimu kunokuwabilisa ugesi, umusi amapayipi, ophephela amayunithi namayunithi ushintsha uba yileli amaphampu, nezinye izakhi. Imikhiqizo ka lo msebenzi wesifunda akuyona eyingozi izisebenzi kanye ezungezile isitshalo amaphakathi, njengoba uphethiloli ngqo noma enemisebe kokupholisayo eyinhloko musa uthintane.

Kanjani-ke wonke umsebenzi?

Ngakho, lapho i-medium ukushisa e wesifunda wokuqala sidlula core ophendulayo, kuba evuthayo bese sidlula ezine ezengeziwe ukushisa exchange iluphu. Ngalesi sikhathi, ukushisa is adluliselwe ku-loop yesibili. Ngemva nokuwela kwabebhange ukushisa a kokupholisayo eyinhloko kungukuhlasela futhi emva core ophendulayo for bafudumale. Amanzi kwegazi - baphoqwa amaphampu.

Umahluko omkhulu we uhlobo olusha amandla plant

Amaphrojekthi ezahlukene uhlobo olusha enuzi izitshalo amandla avela izinhlobo yendabuko izitshalo yalolu hlobo? Into ebaluleke kakhulu umehluko - yizinhlobonhlobo ephelele. Amandla isitshalo enobunye ngokuphelele zonke izinhlobo sezwe kanye izimo zezulu. Luhilela ukwakhiwa kokubili Bedrock kanye emhlabathini elithambile, kuhlanganise ezindaweni lapho umsebenzi zokuzamazama komhlaba kulotshwe njalo.

Uma ufuna ukwakha isizukulwane esisha enuzi izitshalo amandla lapho fixed nolaka amathonya zangaphandle (amanzi olwandle, ukungazinzi ngokwezomnotho zokuzamazama komhlaba), le phrojekthi nje eyenziwe izinguquko kusengaphambili esinqunyiwe. Isakhiwo ngokwaso ngesikhathi esifanayo akashintshi.

izinyathelo kwemvelo

Entsha amaphrojekthi esikhungweni samandla enuzi ukubandakanya inani elikhulu izinyathelo ezihlose ukunciphisa ingozi yamagciwane imvelo bemisebe. Lokhu kufezwa ngokusebenzisa semali izinhlelo zokuzivikela. Ngenkathi kwakhiwa igxile izinto ezifana:

• Ophendulayo Isigaba.
• isakhiwo asizayo isipele ophendulayo linezingxenye.
• substation okuphuthumayo ugesi izinhlelo esiteshini.
• The main ophephela generator setha.

isakhiwo ophendulayo - okubaluleke kakhulu, yonke ingqalasizinda Kwakhiwani enuzi "isiqhingi" emzungezile. Lokho kukhona umusi isitshalo, kanye ifriji izinhlelo nezinye izinto. Ngaphezu kwalokho, lo msebenzi kuthiwa ukhweze generator azolekelela uphethiloli uketshezi, banesibopho amandla futha kwegazi ezimweni lapho esiteshini uqobo ngenxa ezinye ugesi yengozi ayisekho ukhiqiza, kodwa ngesikhathi esifanayo ukuze kuphole nengaphakathi ophendulayo kusadingeka. Ngakho ukuthi ukuphepha enuzi izitshalo amandla yesizukulwane esisha ezindaweni eziphakeme.

Ezinye izinyathelo zokuzivikela

I ophendulayo futhi zonke ISIZINDA ezizungezile ivikelwe omkhulu kabili isikhumba, okuyinto evimbela indlela yokuphunyuka zezinsimbi nophethiloli yenuzi izingxenye kusukela ophendulayo uma izingozi kanye nezinye izimo eziphuthumayo.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, e Umbuso amakamelo ezikhethekile elise ezijulile uhlelo ukwelashwa amanzi, umusi, imfucuza. Zonke ukupholisa Steam Generating Units kabili izikhathi eziningi, ukunciphisa amathuba ezingozi nezinye izigameko ezingezinhle. Ngokuvamile, amandla enuzi (izithombe bakule impahla) - into kabani lwezokuphepha babezobe umona ngisho amayunithi ibutho lezisekelo.

Okubekiwe - wokuqala nomkhulu kunabo bonke!

Zonke izici asebenzayo zokuphepha axhunyiwe emthonjeni inqolobane amandla, kangangokuthi ngisho isimo esiphuthumayo ukuzinza umsebenzi wabo ayiphazamiseki. Buildings ku imiklamo emisha ezifuywayo izitshalo amandla enuzi zitholakala ngamazinga aphakeme ibanga kungenzeka komunye nomunye, ukuze noma ngabe ukuphahlazeka into engelapheki okwenzekile. Yilokho umehluko phakathi NPP-2006 iphrojekthi esiphila esisanda kuxoxa ngazo ngokwemigomo jikelele.

Izici ehlukile kwelinye lamagumbi ophendulayo

Endabeni zakamuva wendawo amandla enuzi ophendulayo grade esetshenziswa (EDM) B-392M. Yiqiniso, lokhu kuhlanganisa hhayi kuphela ukufakwa, kodwa futhi condensers, umusi ugesi, iziteshi uzotshala kanye nezinye izingxenye ezibalulekile zobuchwepheshe. Uma siqhathanisa zonke lokhu onobuhle owedlule iziteshi, kanye nokuthuthukiswa onjiniyela angaphandle, ikhambi yasekhaya kuyahluka izinzuzo ezibalulekile eziningana:

• Kwakuthinta kakhulu anda nekghono ngokusebenzisa uhlobo olusha fuel, kodwa sikhungo ngempela entsha kungenziwa eziqhutshwa nendala.
• Sisebenzisa zakamuva ezihilela umfundi uhlelo ukuhlola, ukuvumela ukuthola ulwazi mayelana nesimo se-node ngamunye.
• uhlelo lokulawula wohlelo ophendulayo tiphindze ngcono kakhulu.
• Impilo inkonzo imishini main anda okungenani iminyaka engu-60.
• Inani esiphezulu wokushisa fuel zenuzi wakwazi ukwandisa ngokushesha ku-70 MW.
• Siphela kanjalo isikhathi sokuphumula lincishisiwe.

Ngakho, ngamandla enuzi umkhakha Russia unazo yayo yithuluzi elinamandla omusha kuzovumela yokuqinisa amandla ukuzimela wezwe lakithi ngaleso.