Adenomatous polyp: Izimpawu kanye Ukwelashwa

Mhlawumbe ngamunye wethu azizwa ukungakhululeki, emngceleni ngokwesaba lapho ezwa uphethwe ifana "nomdlavuza." Ososayensi emhlabeni wonke silwa inkomba uvelaphi futhi kanjani it ziphathwe 100% isiqinisekiso, kodwa-ke ngeshwa, kuze imiphumela iyadumaza. Sifo "polyp adenomatous" akuzwakali belusizi kangaka, futhi bembalwa kakhulu abantu ayihlobene ne imithi bangachazela kuyini. Phakathi naleso sikhathi, lesi sifo kubhekwa isimo precancerous, ngakho kuyingozi enkulu. Labo baye bakuthola, udinga ukuthatha isinyathelo ngokushesha ukulondoloza impilo futhi mhlawumbe ekuphileni kwabo.

Izimpawu polyp

Enkabeni yalo, ama-polyp emzimbeni womuntu - ke lase likhule ngasizathu simbe isayithi mucosa. Okusho ukuthi ingavela kuphi emzimbeni, embozwe lwamafinyila. Ngokwezibalo wezokwelapha, ikakhulukazi asemrarweni unika polyp adenomatous, ngaphandle kwalokho okuthiwa i adenoma, futhi isimila kungavamile ukuba ingozi. Igama elithi "ingozi" kusho ukuthi kwezinye indawo ngokuzumayo umzimba waqala ukuhlanganyela amaseli angalawuleki, kodwa baze ngokugcwele noma ingxenye ukugcina umsebenzi isitho abathintekayo noma izicubu futhi iyakhula. Lesi sici esibalulekile kakhulu kubo has a chance okuphulukisa ngokugcwele. Ngakho-ke polyp adenomatous - azinakho umusho. Nokho, ngaphandle izinyathelo, iningi izimila ingozi yokuba ebulalayo. Ngakho, ama-polyp, izinhlangothi zazo safinyelela 1 cm, aqukethe awokuthi amangqamuzana omdlavuza koda, okungukuthi, lezo kakade iyakhula. Nokho, ubukhulu encane Yakha i-100% isiqinisekiso ukuphepha kungaqali, ngoba kukhona izimo lapho umdlavuza isungule kusuka polyp villi olulodwa.

ngezigaba

nolwelwesi lwamafinyila wabantu kanye multi-egqinsiwe kuye umzimba lapho ukumboza, akheke ezahlukene epithelium. Adenoma elimila epithelium mucosal ka okumelelwe isakhiwo yezindlala, ie sifaka nezindlala eziningi. Ngakho, ama-polyp kungavuka esiswini, nenyongo sesinye, amathumbu, esifundeni urogenital.

Kunezindlela eziningana ngezigaba nenqubo ngaphandle okusha

1. Ngokusho uhlobo isisekelo: on the imilenze (Stem) noma platform ububanzi (sedentary). Kukholakala ukuthi ngokushesha ukuqala i metastases sedentary polyp adenomatous. Isithombe ngenhla kubonisa ukuthi ifana polyp esikhulu sedentary ebodeni emathunjini.

2. Usayizi: amancane, aphakathi nendawo, ende. Nakuba adenomas esingaphansi 1 cm, zingabantu mancane kakhulu amathuba okuba babe anomdlavuza. Ngokuphambene, phakathi adenomas engaphezu kuka-1 cm amayelana 13% amaseli umdlavuza, futhi ezingaphezu kuka-2 cm okungenzeka ukonakala endaweni umdlavuza sesivele sifike 51%.

3. Ngo-ukubukeka: ezimise mushroom-eyindilinga, okusaqanda, obukhulu, ethambile.

4. kwasendaweni: olulodwa, owesifazane, ubuningi. ngamahlumela ezinga eliphansi omunye kwakamuva ku umdlavuza mayelana izikhathi 2 kaningi.

izici morphological

Adenomatous polyp ikholoni, esiswini, ngokuphelele zonke izidumbu zingahlelwa ngezindlela ezihlukahlukene, esithinta kakhulu onalesi sifo ukutakula. Bayibo:

1. yezindlala. Siqukethe sebuningini nezindlala futhi ecebile imithambo yegazi, i-ezicutshini. Basuke ihlukaniswe kungavamile ukuba ingozi, nge izimpawu atypia (amaseli ulahlekelwe isimo sabo, cores yabo uphawu) kanye malingatsiey (amaseli atypical nezindlala afakwa ezingqimbeni kwemisipha ne submucosal we epidermis, ukuthi, eqinisweni, ulungiselela iyakhula).

2. villous. Lezi polyp ubukeka Velvety, efana inhloko u-cauliflower, ngokuvamile kufanele surface olunzima. Okungenzeka malingatsii kubo ngenhla 60%.

3. villous yezindlala.

4. hyperplastic. encane kakhulu, elithambile, kubuyise isakhiwo evamile mucosa.

5. engamahlongandlebe. Malingiruyut akunalo of nezindlala fibrosis futhi stroma obukhulu.

6. fibrous. Esikhathini stroma Ziningi kwelulwe kakhulu imithambo, okubangela zifane kokuziphatha ukuvuvukala.

7. Amanga.

izimbangela

Kungani ama-polyp aqala ukukhula ize ingabe isaba khona impendulo ngqo. Abanye ososayensi bakholelwa ukuthi zivela kubantu lapho umuntu eguga, abanye ukuphika lokhu. Izibalo uthi izingane ithuba ukuthola adenoma 28% abantu abangaphansi kweminyaka engu-30 - 30%, futhi iminyaka kwasebekhulile kwengu-70 ubudala -% 12.8 kuphela. Inombolo enkulu adenomas Kutholwe abaneminyaka ephakathi kwengu-40-50.

Okungukuthi adenomatous polyp we ingemuva noma eminye imigwamanda ingavela ngasiphi yobudala, ngisho nezinsana (icala eyaziwa uphethwe Isiqu polyp e imvuthu ezingu-2 ubudala esiswini). Izizathu okungenzeka kakhulu ososayensi zihlanganisa:

- zokugula phakathi ukuthuthukiswa embryonic;

- ufuzo (yizingane ezinabazali sibhekene BPH, kubuye kube cishe ukuthola mayelana izikhathi 2 ngaphezulu);

- ukuvuvukala ezithweni emathunjini (yokudleka kolwelwesi lwesisu, nesifo, uhudo nezifo nezinkinga sokuzikhulula nabanye);

- Ukudla okungafanele;

- kokunikezwa kwe-ukuvuselelwa kwe-lwamafinyila we isisu namathumbu ngemva kubika iKickOff.com ngoLwesithathu.

polyp Adenomatous isisu

Lokhu umzimba usendaweni yokuqala nezici ezithile ukuze ukubukeka adenomas. Ngokusho komunye ngeengaba okusekelwe izinhlamvu morphological, ukuxilonga zalezi zinhlobo polyp isisu:

- ijabulise;

- papillary;

- okuxubile (papillotubulyarnye).

Itholakala esiswini ngayo engalingani. Ngakho, ngo-yesithathu engenhla iziguli 2241 wahlola etholakale 2.1% we polyp ngowesithathu phakathi kwalezi zibalo safinyelela 17%, ngesikhathi eyesithathu engezansi kwaba 66,8% we pathologies.

I isimila esibulalayo kwenzeka esiswini ngoba isikimu lula: epithelium evamile - kumiswa polyp - e carcinoma yayo ukuphambana - Cancer. Ngokuvamile Esimeni esinjalo ethuthuka iminyaka emibili, ezingeqi kwezingu ezintathu, kodwa kukhona ezinye izimo lapho abantu polyposis waphila eminyakeni ecishe 20.

Izimbangela esiswini adenomas ngokuvamile - zofuzo, zokugula kakhulu ekuthuthukeni ezingeni umbungu, Izifo ukuvuvukala, ikakhulukazi kolwelwesi, ukudla okungenamsoco, ukuba umlutha wotshwala, isifo emathunjini. Futhi, ngokuvumelana ososayensi, kuba ukunwetshwa we lwamafinyila esiswini ezihlukahlukene iziyaluyalu neuropsychiatric.

izimpawu

Akukho emitholampilo isithombe esisodwa kukhombisa yokuthi esiswini selikhule polyp adenomatous. Izimpawu esigulini ngasinye kuhlale ngabanye. Phakathi ezivamile:

- ubuhlungu (ukuze 88,6%);

- nomuzwa wokuthi esiswini ugcwele, ngisho nangemva kokuba ukusetshenziswa amanani sakugcina ukudla;

- kwehle esesuthi;

- nokubhamuka;

- ukucanuzelelwa inhliziyo;

- anda slyunoobrazovanie;

- ukubuyisa;

- isilungulela;

- ukunambitheka ezingemnandi emlonyeni.

Usizi ngokuvamile livela ngemva kokudla amahora amabili bekholelwa, bese kudamba.

Ngaphezu izimpawu nobuntu polyp in iziguli izimpawu ezivamile waphawula ukuthi emzimbeni kunenkinga. Lokhu ukukhathala, ubuthakathaka, futhi ngezinye izikhathi imfiva, ukuqwasha, ikhanda, ukucindezeleka, causeless.

Kube vnezheludochnye izimpawu eyenza umuntu kungaba usola khona polyposis, ikakhulukazi uma sitholwa njengefa. Lokhu indawo esikhumbeni (emhlabeni izindebe, ekhaleni, izihlathi, esifubeni, izandla, emuva, esiswini, entanyeni) ngesimo freckles, kunoma yisiphi isimo sezulu kanye kunoma iyiphi inkathi musa ukushintsha ukubukeka kwabo.

ukuhlola

polyp Adenomatous e isiphi isitho cishe akunakwenzeka ukuthola ngaphandle ukuhlola ihadiwe. sifaka i-esiswini:

- ultrasonography;

--X-ray kanye ne-barium yombala ketshezi ewugqinsi (ngempumelelo cishe 4.6% of the amacala);

- gastroscopy;

- fibrogastroscopy;

- biopsy;

- gastrolaparoskopiya.

ukuhlaziywa Ayikho ezingabalulekile kangako, futhi laboratory of juice esiswini, igazi, futhi ukusabela igazi nemimoya e okuqukethwe isisu.

Umphumela esiphezulu unika ucwaningo ngezindlela eziningana.

Adenomatous ikholoni polyp

Lesisifo yesibili ngokuthi 'ukudunyiswa' indawo emva polyposis esiswini. Ngokwezibalo, ama-polyp ku colon zibhaliswe nale imvamisa:

- Abesifazane - 46%;

- amadoda - 53%.

Ukwencika ukuthuthukiswa sifo yobudala simiswe ngalendlela lelandzelako:

- Iziguli ezingamadoda 41 kuya ku-60 iminyaka - 56%;

- kusukela 31 kuya eminyakeni engu-40 - 23%;

- esukela kwengu-14 kuya ku-30 - 10%.

Angakwazi polyp ku isimila esibulalayo esikhula has kwencika esithile inombolo yabo. Ngakho, uma ingemuva 5 noma ngaphezulu lala mafu, i Zibe umdlavuza ngo-100% amacala.

Ngo-polyp ikholoni is usabalalise Ukuboshelwa. Ngakho, ngo-ekuntweleni ingxenye eqoshiwe 13% kuzo zonke izimo kuleli transverse ikholoni ingxenye - 13.5%, esikhathini sigmoid ingxenye futhi ingemuva - 73,5%. Izimbangela polyp emathunjini cishe iyafana uma kwenzeka nabo esiswini, kodwa igunya kunikezwa odokotela Izifo ukuvuvukala. Ngakho, phakathi examinees 455 owathola polyp, 30% uhlushwa ezinezifo ezingamahlalakhona (nesifo, proctosigmoiditis, nabanye), kanye 16.4% upokisi uhudo. It nendima enkulu, futhi kungabi nekudla lokondla umtimba. Ngenxa yalesi sizathu, nesifo ezitholakala ngaphezulu kuka-50% amacala.

Izimpawu kanye ukuxilongwa polyp emathunjini

izici Isici kuphela polyposis emathunjini cha. Ngokuvamile isikhathi eside, iziguli ungazizwa izimpawu eziye baqala ukukhula polyp adenomatous. Izimpawu eziningi isici isifo:

- igazi endleni yabantu abanaleli (89%);

- ukuthuthukiswa sifo can ukopha phakathi noma ngemva ukunyakaza wamathumbu;

- uhudo noma ukuqunjelwa (55.2%);

- ubuhlungu esiswini;

- esivuthayo kanye / noma ukulunywa we ingquza (65%);

- anemiya (7%);

- ukucanuzelelwa inhliziyo;

- isilungulela;

- ubuhlungu bekhanda;

- nokubhamuka;

- ukubuyisa;

- ubuhlungu ingemuva, asinikeze ngemuva ephansi futhi sacrum.

Ukuxilonga zihlanganisa palpation, imisindo ephansi,-X-ray, sigmoidoscopy, contact Beta-radiometry, colonoscopy, fibrocolonoscopy, ukuhlolwa laboratory.

Polyp ku gallbladder

polyp Adenomatous we gallbladder - isifo ezingavamile, okwenzeka esikhathini esingaphansi 1% wazo zonke iziguli ezine-polyposis. Ngokwezibalo, isifo ngaphezulu kuthinta abantu abaneminyaka engaphezu kuka-45. I gallbladder - umzimba ezincane kakhulu, abadala yinde 14 nje cm 5 cm ububanzi. Ngokusho isakhiwo kufana isikhwama enezindonga mncane, umzimba ebanzi, entanyeni tapered futhi ingxenye ewumngcingo kakhulu obuhlehlela emuva Bile imbobo. Isimo esinzima kakhulu ubhekwa indawo polyp e wesibeletho noma imbobo. Kulokhu, okukhiphayo ivinjelwe Bile emathunjini, futhi isiguli jaundice kwesikhumba nabamhlophe samehlo. Ngaphezu lesi sici, kukhona nezinye izibonakaliso ukuthi inyongo mhlawumbe anda polyp:

- ezidabukile ubuhlungu;

- colic kwezinso;

- ukucanuzelelwa inhliziyo (ikakhulukazi ekuseni);

- umunyu umlomo;

- ukuqunjelwa.

Izimbangela zesifo ingavuthi nenyongo elikhanyayo futhi mucosa, umzimba normal, Ukudla, ufuzo.

Sifo senziwa ultrasound, ultrasonography. Ukwelashwa kwemfuyo kusebenza ikakhulukazi kuhlinzwa, ehlanganisa ku ekususweni gallbladder. Kuphela kwezinye izimo, udokotela wakho angase akunikeze imithi esikhundleni ukuhlinzwa reception - "ursosan" noma "Ursofalk".

ukwelashwa

Kuye indawo, usayizi kanye nezinye izici udokotela ekunika umuthi wokwelapha polyp adenomatous. Uma butholakala esiswini, ukuhlinzwa kuphela kungenzeka, njengoba engekho imithi ngeke wenze polyp sikhule emuva. Amaphilisi kuphela okwesikhashana ngcono isithombe mazombe, kodwa musa kuncishiswe ingozi ukonakala zibe umdlavuza izimila. Isebenza kuhle nxa olulodwa polyp ukususwa Kwenziwa kuphela, futhi lapho uzingela neziqu eziningi - resection esiswini.

Enye indlela yokwelashwa - polypectomy nge endoscope. It is kuboniswe for polyp stebelnyh anobukhulu kusuka 0.5 cm futhi siqukethe ekususeni kubo ngu lomnyango metal. Kwezinye izimo, wenziwa esigulini esingalalisiwe esibhedlela. Biopsy ngemva lo msebenzi liyadingeka. Lezi zindlela ezifanayo nokwelashwa polyp emathunjini amancane futhi ikholoni. Esikhathini ingemuva, uma adenoma kutholakala at ibanga 10 cm kusukela ingquza, kungenzeka excision ngaphansi izinzwa wendawo.

neziqu ezincane zisuswe kusetshenziswa electrocautery.

Phakathi ukwelashwa yesimanje elokususa polyp laser ukufundwa kungenzeka uyalwa, amaza kagesi noma amaza omsakazo.

Kunoma yikuphi, ngemva umthelela isiguli kukhonjwe Ukudla okuqinile.

Kukholakala ukuthi polyp ingozi emathunjini ezinkulu kungenziwa enemas nge celandine, okumele kwenziwe ngesilinganiso 25-30 belashwa. Isixazululo yalungiswa kanje: 50 amagremu amaqabunga oluhlaza neziqu kink e grinder inyama, uthele 300 ml amanzi abilayo, linda kuze epholile, lemifanekiso. 2 amahora ngaphambi enemas zokwelapha kwenziwe ukuhlanza. Isiguli isixazululo celandine kumele ubambe ngokwakho angu-1.5 amahora, futhi izingane - imizuzu engafika ku 30. Izinqubo abazenzi ngosuku.

Kubalulekile: iziguli eziningi, le ndlela ayizange, futhi kwadingeka enze ukuhlinzwa ukhishwe polyp ukuthi wakhula waba izimila ebulalayo.