20385 Iphrojekthi: izici lomklami nenjongo

Le phrojekthi kwamenyezelwa 20385 ncamashí ithebhu ngo-February 2012. Ngaphansi kwalo ngesilinganiso lwenzelwe ukuthuthukisa umkhumbi ngaphansi kwegama sonorous "Gremyashchy" kanye ukuhlela kabusha yayo. Lesi senzakalo senzeka ngesikhathi ngisemsebenzini Petersburg. Abahlukile lesi senzo ngokuthi ngokuqondene kubekwa ngesikhathi esisodwa ezimbili imikhumbi ukulwa ebusweni.

ulwazi olujwayelekile

esiphakeme izikhulu yezwe ezimpini kosuku lomshado futhi ojenene we-Armed Forces. 20385 iphrojekthi ngokwayo igxile ukwakhiwa kwalesi frigates futhi corvettes asolwandle ifakwe izikhali zanamuhla nokuvikelwa ezanele.

Lokhu okwenzekayo nje ukushintshashintsha ngcono 20380, kodwa futhi ukwethulwa izixazululo entsha ngokuphelele. Kuyaphawuleka ukuthi Petersburg "Severnaya Verf" has izivumelwano ukulethwa imikhumbi emine ifomethi langaphambilini, ezimbili zazo sezivele zakhiwe. Umkhumbi efanayo salolu chungechunge senipheleliswa ngesikhathi Amur shipbuilding Plant. Kubuyekeziwe okusalungiswa predictably ukuze abe namandla mayelana nomthelela, kuhlanganise uhlelo emoyeni ukuzivikela.

phetho

Project 20385 imikhumbi - a corvettes esisetshenziselwa, lenziwe ngendlela yokuba libone futhi kuqedwe ngwenya isitha kanye nemikhumbi ebusweni. Ngaphezu kwalokho, bayakwazi ukuxazulula ezihlukahlukene combat ohambweni ogwini lolwandle, kanye ukukhonza ukuze ukufika. Esikebheni kwakuneqembu kukhona wezikhali, imicibisholo, anti-ngwenya izikhali kanye radars eziphambili. Ukufakwa sonar izinhlelo.

solution innovative yikhono anakekele umkhumbi nenani elincane lendlu yebhanoyi ekhethekile, okuyinto ihlanganise kungaba helicopter Ka-27. Lokhu okunye kwandisa amathuba ukuthola ngwenya isitha futhi sithuthukisa ukulwa umkhumbi khono. Isici Project 20385 corvettes Russian wukuthi akhiwa kahle usebenzisa ubucwepheshe bakamuva ezinciphisa radar ukuthola kwabo.

amandla nesivikelo Extra bunikezwa ukusetshenziswa kwezinto eziphinde zisebenziseke esiyinhlanganisela, okuyinto zenzelwe umholi somhlaba kule ndawo - Petersburg Federal inarha ebumbeneko Enterprise "Prometheus". liyasiza futhi lithembekile izingxenye wazibonakalisa ngisho ekwakhiweni 20380.

Izici ukuklanywa nokwakhiwa

imikhumbi Kubhekwe athuthukile design "Diamond" bureau. Ngemva kokuphela kwesivivinyo kulindeleke ukuthi ithunyelwa Northern Fleet. Ngokusho kochwepheshe, le 20385 project - ngaphezulu iyunithi kuka ezazingaphambi kwayo. Okokuqala, kumayelana ngcono izici Tactical futhi technical izikhali, ukulwa amakhono, ithuthukiswe amandla amayunithi kanye navigation systems.

Kusolwa ukuthi abakhiqizi Petersburg yimani niqonde corvettes eziyishumi kulo msebenzi Navy Russian. Fleet abameleli bathi isidingo izimoto okunjalo akukhona amayunithi esingaphansi amabili. Bayoba ukuqinisa impi futhi ukuxazulula le nkinga ukuze kuvikeleke eduze kolwandle zone. Isitshalo "Severnaya Verf" yasayina isivumelwano ne JSC "Sredne-saseNevsky Shipyard" womshini izingxenye eyenziwe polymer esiyinhlanganisela izinto. Inani inkontileka zaba ruble abangaphezu kwezigidi ezine.

Amapharamitha we plan lobuchwepheshe

Okusalungiswa 20385, ogama isithombe uvezwa ngenhla sinezici ukusebenza ezifana

• Ubude Corvette kuyinto 104 metres ububanzi - 13.
• Ukukala tonnage - 2.200 wamathani.
• Umkhawulo isivinini travel - ifindo amabili nesikhombisa.
• Umkhawulo ukubhukuda ibanga - 5600 amakhilomitha.
• Ukukhuthazela emkhunjini - sezinsuku ezingengaphansi kwezingamashumi nanhlanu.
• Amatilosi - abantu 99.
• Amandla uhlelo - pair of diesel amayunithi uthayiphe 1DDA-12000.

Project 20385 corvettes ngamandla izingalo anemisila nangomcibisholo jikelele "Calibre" eziyinkimbinkimbi, anti-aircraft missile Sokuqalisa "Redoubt", radar kanye iziteshi acoustic. Kusukela wezikhali izikhali ku umkhumbi stomillimetrovaya iyunithi A-190-01, pair of anti-aircraft izibhamu AK-630-M (30 mm). Kuncike antisubmarine kwezikhali we "iphakethe" kanye Ka-27.

superstructure

Ngo kokucubungula superstructure wempi esakhiwe ngezinto nonflammable esiyinhlanganisela kuhlanganise fiberglass laminate futhi izingxenye esekelwe carbon fibre. Le isixazululo (ubuchwepheshe "stelae-off") ivumela ukuthola radar encane.

Kutholwe lendlu yebhanoyi aft nge platform ekhethekile Ka-27 anti-hlobo uphethiloli supply amathani angaba amashumi amabili. Corvettes 20380, 20385 kuhluke esivuna yokugcina. Yesimanje futhi imishini umhlabeleli uvumele ukuze lelisu cishe zonke amaphuzu adingekayo yikhasimende, kusuka kumasistimu omkhumbi, ophela izikhali.

izindlu

Flush-steel sikebhe inedizayini ngokuyinhloko entsha kwesakhiwo. wabuka Altered ikota ukunciphisa ukumelana namanzi lapho sihamba ngejubane esiphezulu Corvette. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ikhambi elinjalo ivumela ukunciphisa umthwalo phezu main amandla plant.

An version olusha of the ingxenye kwamanzi we sikebhe kwenza ukusetshenziswa kwamandla iyunithi ngongqimba ezincane ukuthi ukhulula cishe amabili amaphesenti ukufuduka. Ngenxa yalokho, kungenzeka eminye ngcono Corvette lokulwa imishini. Elinye iphuzu ngokuya ukuphumelela isakhiwo esisha futhi lula ukuhamba, kuyinto ukwandisa isivinini umkhumbi ngesikhathi 1.5-2 ifindo.

The main amandla uhlelo

Wayeqondeni ukuhlomisa iphrojekthi 20385 izinjini German MTU. Kodwa ngenxa uhlelo yokungenisa esikhundleni yenzelwe ngqo izinjini ezifuywayo corvettes. The main amandla Phiko yebhangqa udizili amayunithi DDA-12000, lakhiwa ochwepheshe le Kolomna Plant kanye OA "Inkanyezi".

motor ngasinye sibandakanya izinjini ezimbili 16 futhi D49 ukuhlanekezela uhlobo igiya. Amayunithi anemisila isilawuli sekhompiyutha nokuphathwa iyunithi. Amapharamitha main:

• ukuphila Operating - kufika emahoreni angu eziyizinkulungwane ezingamashumi ayisihlanu.
• Ububanzi elilinganisiwe travel zihamba ngesivinini esingamakhilomitha 14 ifindo - amamayela ayizinkulungwane ezine.
• Inhloko piston - Yenziwe steel ukushisa ukumelana EI-415.
• Base injini - aluminium ingxubevange AA-6.
• Amandla genset ngamunye - 630 kilowatts.
• ukusetshenziswa yamanje - 380 V (50 Hz).

DDA amayunithi ukuhlinzeka ku iphesenti eliphezulu reverse amandla Imodi nge sakugcina petrol kanye nomsindo zokunciphisa GEM kwenza ukunciphisa ukubonakala isitsha sonar.

I izinhlamvu main

Project 20385 corvettes "Gremyashchy" futhi "Agile" anemisila izikhali ezilandelayo:

1. Anti-kulungiselelwa. Kuyinto eyinkimbinkimbi ezimbili bukhoma iziqukathi amane kuya kwayisishiyagalombili anti-umkhumbi ezicitshwayo lahlukene izilonda kuze kufinyelele 260 amakhilomitha. Ukuqala iziqukathi ngokufanele engxenyeni phakathi kwezindlu indawo longitudinally diametrical.
2. SAM. izikhali anti-aircraft kuhlanganisa eziyinkimbinkimbi "Redoubt" nge ezintathu amamojuli amaseli ezine, ephathekayo SAMS "Igla", i-pair yama-barreled eziyisithupha anti-aircraft ukufaka (30 mm) at the ezingemuva.
3. "Pakisha N" torpedo ukuzivikela. Lokhu kuhlanganisa ezimbili zalapho 330 mm afakwe cargo-port ohlangothini ngalunye, uhlelo "Frontier".
4. ASW indiza Ka-27.
5. Melee izikhali - iziqhumane ezimbili amabhomu kanye pair of isibhamu ukufaka.
6. Wezikhali - 100 milimitha isibhamu izinhlelo A-190 kokuba izinga esiphezulu of afinyelela ku ayisishiyagalombili Ukuvutha ngomzuzu. eyinkimbinkimbi lilawulwa "Puma" uhlelo.

Torpedo umkhankaso emkhunjini, kungathinta kokubili esiphikisayo isitha kweminsalo kwamanzi nemikhumbi-ngwenya.

Imishini umsakazo ubunjiniyela

Kule ndaba, corvettes ifakwe ezihlukahlukene izinhlelo, okuyilezi:

1. CICS "Sigma".
2. ezivamile ukuthola esiteshini "Furke 2".
3. "A Isikhumbuzo" eziyinkimbinkimbi ngasocansini.
4. imishini Sonar ezifana "Dawn" futhi "Minotaur".
5. "Ruberoid" ezenzakalelayo zokuxhumana engeyokuqala.
6. OGAS "Anapa-M."

Zonke lezi zinhlelo ukunciphisa amathuba ukushaya umkhumbi kathathu, ukusebenza in ezahlukene 64 kuya ku-2000 MHz, kungaba kanyekanye ukubona imigomo engaphezu kuka-angamakhulu amabili namashumi amahlanu. Sibhekane izinhlelo isitha ukuvumela iziqhumane ezine, Kuphendula ikhithi ukuphazamiseka "Brave." Navigation Kwenziwa indiza antenna okuthunyelwe ophahleni lendlu yebhanoyi (SIR-20380).

Seakeeping futhi survivability

Corvette "Gremyashchy" iphrojekthi 20385 lithuthukile seakeeping kuqhathaniswa izitsha ezifanayo ngaphansi imikhawulo efanayo endabeni ugingqe transverse. Lokhu kukuvumela ukuba usebenzise isikhali esivunguvungwini ukuze amaphuzu amahlanu.

ugcizelele ekuklanyweni umkhumbi wabekwa ukulwa survivability umshini. Abaklami imikhawulo ngentuthuko yakamuva ngokwemigomo isivikelo radar ukubonakala. Ukuze wenze lokhu, sisebenzisa ezintsha izixazululo yezakhiwo kanye okukhethekile izinto, nge high radio-izinga.

Imidiyeni endaweni oyisiyingi esingamakhilomitha ukuhlakazwa kahle kwehle kuqhathaniswa ne analogue cishe kathathu. Kwamanye tinkhulumo, kulolu chungechunge ithengiswe ukuqinisekisa survivability tekusebenta Ukusebenzisa iqoqo zokuvikela ezakhayo ngokumelene izikhali lesitha.

ukulungiswa

Kulezi zigaba lwemikhumbi kukhona ukushintshwa eziningana ezinkulu:

1. Project umngcele patrol umkhumbi - 20380P.
2. Le nguqulo zokuthumela le 20382. Umehluko esemqoka yalolu imodeli kusukela kumila umkhumbi ukuhlomisa izikhali lolumalula kanye nekhono ukushintsha izinhlamvu ukuze angaphandle analogue.
3. Project 20385 - corvette "Agile" I-Sea. It siye sathuthukisa izikhali futhi ukuvikeleka okungcono.
4. 20386 - inguqulo yesimanje yephrojekthi odlule benethuba ukulwa "Horizon" uhlobo izakhiwo.

Ekuphetheni

Kuyaphawuleka ukuthi kuphela corvette "Gremyashchy" uyaqhubeka ukwakhiwa zonke ukuthuthukiswa 20385 project njengoba kwakuhleliwe. Imikhumbi ezisele ( "Agile", "Uyakwazi," "oshisekayo," "Tie") izokwakhiwa ku idokhumenti zokulawula sithuthukiswe ngaphansi kophawu 20380 Lokhu kungenxa izindleko aphezulu imikhumbi, ngokwezinga elikhulu ngenxa kubo akuyona izikhali ngokomthetho umsindo njalo. Ngokusho abaklami, izinguquko uhlela ukufakwa izitshalo German amandla phezu nozakwabo yasekhaya ungazange abathintekayo yomsebenzi. Zonke Corvettes iphakamise ukuthi wehlise amanzi njengoba ehleliwe.