Zhan Eten Liotard, "Chocolate"

umculi Swiss Zhan Eten Liotard, "Chocolate," okuyinto iparele umhlangano Dresden kwebuciko, ukuphila kwabo isikhathi eside nokujabulisayo (1702-1789) amathuba emisebenzi ayizi-400. "Holbein amaphastelsi" (ngakho okuthiwa Lyotard osebenza nabo, ngaleyo ndlela siqaphela ithalente lakhe undoubted) azange abhale umsebenzi omubi, kodwa ngobuciko imidwebo ezweni isanda okuthiwa ekuqaleni kuwebhu sihloko.

I enezithombe isithombe ukunemba

Luthini olwakho "Holbein iyashintsha iyaphupha ibe"? Imisebenzi umculi enkulu German Hans Holbein Omncane abadumile portrait wafana nezinto zokuhloba umdwebo isizukulwane. Kepha ababethi amafutha, amaphastelsi balidumisa Lyotard. "Chocolate" - Umdwebo edume kunazo zonke, ababulawa ngale ndlela. Zonke imidwebo ngomculi Swiss ezahlukene ukunemba enezithombe, okukhiphayo ezincane kunazo zonke imininingwane ngamunye. Omunye a baxgeki Lyotard eqhathaniswa ngesiGreki umculi Zeuxis Eqinisweni yasendulo eyaziwa ngokuthi ukuze afakazele ukuphakama yabo phezu okwangempela Parrhasius master ngesineke le yamagilebhisi, okuyinto ngokushesha zathuthelekela izinyoni Peck ke.

Perfect ethambile

Kwenzeka okufanayo a virtuoso futhi Lyotard. "Chocolate" libhekisela, ngokubona lokhu umhlaziyi (M. Alpatov), kuya yobuciko, lapho kukhona inkohliso emangalisayo. Lo msebenzi Kulotshiwe kakhulu, ngokwengxenye ngoba yenziwa ngendlela lingandile kangako kuka emifanekiso, oqoshiwe, namafutha ikakhulukazi imidwebo. Abaculi akuvamile yakhetha amaphastelsi ngenxa fragility yayo kanye ezifweni ukuze ukwa ngesikhathi kulencane hambisa okungalungile, ngoba isibopho esikhathini impahla eluhlaza - unamathisele (kungakho "iyashintsha iyaphupha ibe") - ingezwe kancane kakhulu. Ngakho, freshness hhayi ezingaphelelwa isikhathi of imibala phezu emidwebweni ababulawa ngale ndlela (izinto ukungezwa upende uwoyela mnyama). Umsebenzi iyashintsha iyaphupha ibe sidilike futhi iba yingxenye yomhlabathi phakathi zokuthutha. Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, abalobi imidwebo wafinyelela esiphethweni ukuthi kungcono agcinwe ngaphansi ingilazi, uhlezi phezu mat - a amakhadibhodi edging blade lapho umsebenzi wenziwa. Kulokhu, lo ingilazi asisho uthinte umdvwebo. Kodwa le misebenzi ethambile zihlukaniswa a Ukubengezela bewitching, Velvety umsungulo neziqondile.

Mahhala, kuyaheha futhi engaqondakali ...

Kwakungenxa ngale ndlela futhi wabhala Lyotard. "Chocolate" - edume kunazo futhi okungcono, ngokusho kongoti eziningi, umsebenzi ababulawa amaphastelsi, nakuba umculi ngokwakhe akusho wammisa ahluke kubo bonke adalwe. Abanamakhono futhi nginenhlanhla, wayaziwa njengomuntu okuyinhloko, risuyuschim ebusa abantu kanye ubuhle. Zhan Eten ukuthi kuvikelwe futhi babethola kuphela ukuzibandakanya ezintweni ozithandayo - Umdwebo travel. Lyotard kwaba ngokuphelele khulula empilweni, naphezu kokuba izingane ezinhlanu, futhi imisebenzi. Wayengumuntu imigodi ongaqondakali, kwathiwa ukubukelwa yi basezindlini zobukhosi yeYurophu.

imodeli ongaqondakali

Ngokusho kwenye inguqulo, intombazanyana enhle, kukhonjisiwe esithombeni - Anna Baldauf, indodakazi i knight abampofu. umsuka Noble ezamsiza ukuba wasendlini egcekeni iNdlovukazi uMaria Theresa Austria. Elapho wabona ubuhle futhi umusa umdwebi. Ngokusho kwenye, inguqulo romantic more, Prince Dietrichstein ngokuvakashela Vienna ikhofi endlini, Yangihlaba umxhwele ubuhle uweta shazi. Wayithatha naphezu intando umndeni, futhi wanikela ngeNdodana yakhe portrait lomshado Cinderella ngaye ingubo, wabona Anna okokuqala. Isipho kwaba inkosi ngoba Lyotard kwaba umdwebi enkantolo, futhi imisebenzi yakhe zazibiza kakhulu. Zikhona nezinye izinguqulo amamodeli ezibangelwa.

lula ebukekayo

Isithombe esihlaba umxhwele, yena bewitches, naphezu kweqiniso lokuthi indaba ngaphezu lula. Ngemva imidwebo eziwubukhazikhazi, yithi, Watteau esifanayo, eyayilandisa izintokazi flirty namanenekazi, lesi sibalo lonely intombazane ethwele ugqoko nge ushokoledi ashisayo kanye odongeni emhlophe, wabheka ngokumangazayo, zemvelo kanye charmingly. usayizi Indwangu 82,5 x 52,5 ababulawa yesikhumba iyashintsha iyaphupha ibe, lapho ephelele master umdwebi Liotar. "Chocolate," libhalwe isitayela Rococo, eshaya filigree ukucacisa izinto - kwentombazane iphinifa nje ephumile esifubeni, kuba ebonakalayo the umbimbi kancane, okuphe ushokoledi ngokwayo kubonakala uphefumule futhi inuka ushokoledi.

Izinsiza-kufundisa physics

Ngo Shokoladnitsa ebukekayo zonke - nemilenzana, emuva ngqo, kodwa hhayi esishubile, hhayi intombazane mncane ewuthi lokuvungula, kodwa mancane. Ngokuphawulekayo kukhishelwa suit imibala ifaniswe ngokumangalisayo. Nokho kumelwe sikhumbule ukuthi ikhonza njengesithunywa isizinda odongeni emhlophe - akukho kuwe Bust noma ama thini izimbali. Kodwa injabulo olukhethekile Ongoti yobuciko kusukela obhekwe umdwebo namuhla iyona Chinese lacquered ugqoko ezandleni intombazane, lapho kukhona ingilazi yamanzi kanye nenkomishi ushokoledi. Umdwebo ibalulekile ngenxa yokuthi kuyo okokuqala athumba abadumile Meissen zobumba, kokuba yaba nomlando omude emangalisayo. Kodwa ingilazi ingilazi zamaBohemia, bagcwala amanzi, uphumile ukuze, ngokusho kongoti, ubonisa ngokucacile ukuthi akhona kwalungiswa izinkunga zokubona yokukhanya ekusebenzisaneni phakathi kwabezindaba ezimbili esobala (umthetho Snell sika). Lona omunye udumo engcono okufanele zh. E. Liotar. "Chocolate" akubhekwa isithombe izigcawu uhlobo.

Imibhalo emidala kunayo yonke-US-trade mark

Njengoba ubhala isiphetho basisize yalo mkhiqizo - kungcono zibhaliwe kakhulu futhi adume, kuhlanganise nasosukwini lwethu. It abakwazi ukuqhosha noma yimuphi umsebenzi kwekhulu XVIII. Yin'indaba? Kusukela 1765 iwebhu ku-igalari art ku Dresden, futhi ngemva kweminyaka engu-120-ke wabona lapho sivakashele Museum odumile umnikazi omdala American e-Bakers inkampani Chocolate, okuyinto bekwi-ukukhiqizwa lo mkhiqizo. Henry L. Pierce umxhwele Eqinisweni arhola Zhan Liotar. "Chocolate" isiba litshwayo inkampani. La Belle Chocolatiere ( «Chocolate Emangalisayo") - I-logo, evunyiwe iminyaka emibili, wehlela emlandweni njengoba lokuhweba kuqala futhi endala eU.S. omunye endala kunawo wonke emhlabeni.

Wide futhi akekho singcono kakhulu isenzo Soviet

ESoviet Union, le iphethini kwaduma ikakhulukazi lapho ngo-1955 i-Dresden Igalari ngeke N. S. Hruscheva wabuya amaphethini etholwe lizwe njengoba impi empangweni.

Iningi okungcono abuyiselwe amakhosi Soviet yobuciko ngaphambi Ukuthumela embukisweni kusukela 2 May kuya 20 Agasti, kanye nabantu abavela ezweni lonke elikhulu ezisheshayo ngithi goodbye kuya izithombe, phakathi kwawo Umdwebo odumile ukuthi kudala Zhan Eten Liotard - "Chocolate".